^. 36-- 34 1 9 01,-6 f The BEST BUCKLES for ARCTICS ARE HADE BY THE WELD MFQ. CO., 41 Lincoln Street, - - Boston. /sr If RAIN COATS Must have tbii Circular Trade Mark ttampcd In inside of coat.. ^"51™ J«m-?a^ >■ « V ~ — u li. S li. -" 111 « t ^ — a£ 3 i DC -° -I CO < m (0 O ^^ S5 < a ui 2 Edited by HENRY C. PEARSON— Offices. No. 35 West 21st Street. NEW YORK. r«L XXXV. No, 1. OCTOBER 1, 1906. 86 Cents a Copy. S8.00 Per Tear. CO z u RED CROSS (2 PLY) PARAGON (3 PLY) EUREKA (4 PLY) U. S. BRAND RUBBER LINED COTTON FIRE HOSE CONCEDED BY THE Associated Factory Mutual Fire Insurance Companies TO BE THE Standard Factory Fire Hose. ALSO ALL QRADE5 AND SIZES OF PLAIN AND RUBBER LINED COTTON AND LINEN H05E MANUFACTURED BY EUREKA FIRE HOSE CO., 13 BARCLAY STREET, NEW YORK. AWARDED GOLD MEDAL, ST. LOUIS EXPOSITION, 1904. Chloridi of Sulphi Carboi tttra- Larges Maker! intht World. Acker Procesi Go. Niagan Falls, N. SEE PAGE xxvr Mi> LAMPBLACKS especially for RUBBER MANUFACTURE. SAMUEL CABOT, BOSTON, MASS. II THE INDIA RUBBER WORLD [October i, 1906. MARK OF OUALITy Established 1854. SPECIAL ATTENTION GIVEN TO EXPORT BUSINESS. CORRESPONDENCE AND INQUIRIES SOLICITED. THE CANADIAN RUBBER CO. OF MONTREAL MANUFACTURERS OF LIMITED ALL KINDS OF HIGH GRADE GENERAL RUBBER GOODS, AND SOLE MAKERS OF THE Celebrated ''CANADIAN" Rubbers. We are always open to correspond whh experienced Rubber men. both for Factory and Ejtecutive Work, Factory and Executive Offices I MONTREAL, P. Q. Inventions kindred to the Trade and tdeaa for development, invited. Our De- velopment Department gives theac matters special attention. Canadian Sales Branches : HALIFAX, N. S., MONTREAL, Que., TORONTO, Ont., WINNIPEG, Man.,REGINA, SASK., CALGARY, Alta., VANCOUVER, B. C, VICTORIA, B. C. D. LORlfE McGIBBON, HARRISOn C. FROST, Vlce-Pres. & Hanaglne: Director. 2nd Vice-President. M. C. MULLARKY, Manager Footwear Dept. R. J. TOUBGE, Sales Manager. FLEETWOOD H. WARD, Sect.-Treas. B. LOEWENTHAL « COMPANY EW YORK, 136 Liberty St. BUY AND SELL g.^^.^ ■»...*.».i- "'°*°°''«"-*™""* '".rj^JL SCBAP RUBBER IN ANY QRADE IN ANY QUANTITY. Where GOOD Rubber is PLENTIFUL and CHEAP ' VERY user of Rubber appreciates the high cost of the raw material. ' All authorities agree that a high price level must exist for years to come. The demand for Rubber increases every day, and many sources of supply are becoming exhausted. The opening of a fresh source, with millions of untapped trees, makes possible a relatively low first cost, and the product will sell at the highest market price. There is money in such a proposition^ 1^~ Write for details of OUT plan for investing capital in rubber gathering. J^ J0 J^ Peru-Para Rubber Co., 1C)41 Unity Building', Chicago. itenti*n Th* India ByAhtr Wtrld when yau write. ELECTRIC HOSE & RUBBER CO., WILMINGTON, DELAWARE. MANUFACTURERS OF Hose for all purposes by a new and improved process — made in any continuous length. Vulcanized under pressure. Cannot possibly unwrap or separate between plies. Great strength and durability. Vention tTie India Rubber World xohen ytm wrtU ^IISEII-,ILiI <2z CO., MILAN, (Italy). General India Rubber, Guttapercha and Asbestos Manufacturers. ELECTRIC WIRES AND CABLES. Works in MILAN SPEZIA & VILLANUEVA Y aELTRU, (Spain). Export: Agencies in all leading Countries. GRAND PRIX, PARIS, 1900. Grand Prize and a Gold Medals, St. Louis, 1904. Mention The lyidia Rubber World when you w^te. H. W. JONES, 126 Liberty Street, New York City. BOILER SPECIALIST. Special Anti-lncrustators for Rubber Mills. NO CHARGE FOR CONSULTATION. m. MOULDS OF ALL KINDSE For Rubber, Glass and other plastic materials. \Ve also do light experimental work. Make Hodels, Punches, Dies, etc. J. W. DEWEES, Machinist, 33 NORTH 7th STREET, PHILADELPHIA. Mention The India Bubber World when you write. October i, 1906.] THE INDIA RUBBER V/ORLD SEVENTEEN YEARS OF PROGRESS. WPo^ Fablishedon the 1st of eaoh Month by TIIH INDIA RUBBER PUBLISHING CO. No. 35 WEST 21st STREET, NEW YORK. CABLE ADDRESS: IRWORLD, NEW YORK. HENRY C. PEARSON, EIMTOR. HAWTHORNE HILL, ASSOCIATE. Vol 35. OCTOBER 1. 1906. No. 1. HaBSOBiPTiONS: (S.OOperyear, (1.76 lor Six moDtbs, postpaid, for the Unltfd States and depeDdeDcle<<, Canada, and Mexico. To all other c( un- trles. $3 50 (or eijulvalent fund' ) per year, postpaid. Advkrtisinq: Rates will be made known on application. COPYRIGHT. lgo6. B Y THE INDIA RUBBER PUBLISHING CO. Entered at New York Poet Office ao mall matter of the second-class. TABLE OF CONTENTS. I'.VGE. Editorial: Seventeen Years of Progress r New Study of Rubber 2 Mr. Root's Southern Visit 2 Synthetic Rubber a Year Hence ? 3 Death of George F. Hodgniaii 3 King Leopold's Rubber Reabn 3 Inventors and their Eeward-i C.DFrvsl 5 How Many Automobiles Are There ? 6 Kubber Discussed at the British Association 7 Progress of Rubber Culture . . 9 A Study in Flat Tread Tires 11 The India-Rubber Trade in Great Britain... Our lirgular Correspondt nl 13 LThc British .Vs^ot iatiuti. Raw Rubber Notes. Continuous Brakes for Freijjht Trains, 'i'he Pluviusiti Company Rubber Heel Pads. Whence the Resin in Ruljber? Lawn Tennis Balls. Leyland and Bir- mingham Rubber Co,] New Goods and Specialties in Rubber 15 [i:ver-Keadv Heat StoiiriK Hap. Tlie I. &M Tire Adjuster. Inflated Catcher's Body Protector. The P. D. Q Tire Repair Plug. Tire Testing Tank. Handy .\utomobile Bag. The Gogglette. Two Neat Rubber Heels. Spring Heel Cushion.] [With 10 Illustrations.] Recent Rubber Patents X7 [tT^ite^ St. lies. Great Britain. France.] Legitimate Colorado Rubber 19 [With ,( Illustrations.] Literature of India-Rubber 21 Obituary Record — 22 [With Portrait, (;eoigeH. Forsyth.] News of the American Rubber Trade 25 Rubber Trade at .\l:ron Our Correspondent 29 The Textile Market 30 Miscellaneous: Northern Mexico Guayule Mail 10 How Garage Men Save Tires jo India-Rubber Goods in Commerce 12 The Properties of Nantusi 12 Proposetl New Route to the Amazon 12 What a " Rubber Collar" Is 14 Rubber Trading in the Wilds 14 Filling Tires with Sand 18 More Rubber from Bolivia 20 Union Made Police Rubber Goods 20 New Trade Publications 21 A Deadly Golf Ball 22 Rubber Decorticating Machine Itlusiralion 23 Rubber Reclaiming for Russia 23 New Wanning and Mixing Mill Illustrations 23 Uniteil States Rubber Co- in Europe 24 VoUax, an Insulating Compound 24 Breakfast Food Rubber. 24 ^J-, Review of Crude Rubber Market 31 c5 npHE entrance of The India Rubber World, with -*- this issue, upon a new vohime, reminds us of the very great advance which has been made, during the seventeen years since our first issue, in the industry wliicli the paper represents. Tlie rubber trade was im- portant, in many respects, previous to the time referred to ; notable successes had been won in it, in the way of invention and in the fortunes accumulated by leaders in the industry. But in practically every respect greater progress has been made in these seventeen years than in the whole hi.story of rubber before. The volume of the business has grown to an extent which makes its former jiroportions .seem small. The number of ajjplications of rubber has increased accord- ingly, and marked improvements have been made in all the lines of rubber goods that were staple a score of years ago. The period under review has been one of great industrial and commercial development .such as the world never knew before, but no branch has made more real advancement than has been shown by the better rubber concerns. To begin with the crude rubber interest, the trade has been very greatly systematized within seventeen years. Manaos was hardly a factor in the trade then, though now ahead of Para in the amount of rubber handled. Antwerp was handling but a few tons of rubber in a year, and nobody knew of the Congo as a rubber produc- ing country. The rubber planting interest had not been established, beyond the work of a few .scientific experi- ments. In the rubber manufacture, it is true, most lines now important in the trade had an existence, but .seventeen years have witnessed .steady progress in the way of im- proved methods and improved products. But the rubber tire scarcely existed ; the automobile tire now standard the world over had not been thought of ; even the pneu- matic bicycle tire was in embrj-o when The India Rub- ber World first appeared. This has been an era of industrial combinations and concentration, and here, too, the rubber industry has kept pace with general progress. There was hardly a rubber manufacturing concern seventeen years ago with a capital stated as high as $1,000,000, while now there must be scores of them, not to mention such aggrega- tions of capital in the business as that of the United States Rubber Co. The manufacture of rubber goods has been carried into a number of countries where before it had no foot- ing — as in Japan, Australia, Switzerland, and Portugal. And the use of rubber goods has become general in many regions where they were scarcely known before. Special mention must be made of the development of the rubber manufacture in Germany, and of the export of rubber goods from that countr>' — facts which figure among the notable in the history of the industry in any country. THE INDIA RUBBER WORLD [October i, 1906. It has been the pleasant task of The India RuinmR World, month after month, to record all these and many other elements of growth and progress in the trade. It is still remembered in the office that when the publication of the paper was first proposed, there were friends of the Editor who felt it to be a mistake, because they thought he could never find matter enough in rela- tion to rubber to fill its pages. On the other hand, it has been a constant problem how to get within the lim- its of the paper as full a review as was desirable of the growth of the trade. It may interest .some readers to have the fact recalled that when the first India Rubber World was printed, raw rubber was "'high", having just advanced above 60 cents a pound for fine Para. A price so low as 60 cents has never again been recorded in our pages. THE NEW STUDY OF RUBBER. NO fact in connection with rubber culture is more fruitful of promise than the disposition of students of the scientific production of rubber, in Ceylon and else- where, to learn the various uses to which rubber is put, and the diiTerent processes of manufacture, with a view to best adapting the raw material to its final disposal. This seems perfectly logical, and yet it is not so very many years since even manufacturers regarded rubber as rubber, just as lead is simply lead. But the requirements of the rubber factory are numer- ous and widely different, and the most successful man- agement is that which best selects the grade or quality of rubber suited to each particular u.se. If this is true, it is none the less desirable that the producers of rubber should have an intelligent idea of what is requisite in high class material, to guide them in supplying the wants of the factory. If a difference in methods of the coagulation or drying of rubber, or its packing for shipment, or conditions of storage, renders certain lots of rubber better or worse than certain others, it is not intelligent plantation man- agement to ignore the various details involved. Hence we were pleased recently when Mr. Burgess, a govern- ment expert in rubber in the Malay States, while on a visit to Europe, devoted so much of his time to discuss- ing with the manufacturers of rubber goods the qualities which they desired iu their raw material for this, that, and the other purpose. And Mr. Herbert Wright, whose book on " Para Rubber" is reviewed elsewhere in this issue, devotes serious attention to similar questions. If rubber is required for waterproofing or insulation or motor tires or solution — what can the plantation mana- ger do to give the manufacturer the raw material best suited to his needs? But this study must not be left to the rubber producer alone. It is equally encouraging to note the increasing ten- dency among experts in rubber factories to study their raw materials, not merely from the time of their arrival in the stock room, but from the moment of the extrac- tion of latex from the rubber tree. There was a time, of course, when the rubber manufacturer or liis superin- tendent could not go further back than to the stock room in dealing with the nature of different rubber .sorts. But now that .so much rtibber is being produced under conditions which permit of careful scientific observation, we may look forward to the time when the rubber manu- facturer will insist upon a definite treatment of the latex which enters into the rubber which he is to use, just as certain consumers of rubber goods now order upon speci- fications, rigid compliance with which they insist upon. We have in mind at least one successful manufacturer, on a large scale, who has given careful study to many details in connection with the preparation of crude rul)- ber who feels that he has derived great benefit therefrom, and his example is w^orthy of a wide following. We do not doubt that a great advance in the rubber industry would follow the organization of a Rubber Con- gress, for the periodical discussion of the proper prepara- tion of rubber, to be participated in by producers and con- sumers, to the end that their interests in common be dis- covered and defined. MR. ROOT'S SOUTHERN VISIT. SOUTH America is beginning to figure very much more prominently on the world's stage. Some per- son of distinction has said lately that it is to be "South America's century," and the prediction seems likely to be verified, just as the century last past was distin- guished by the great development of our own United States. While so many parts of the world are becoming overcrowded, half the Western hemisphere remains sparsely settled and almost non productive— a condition which the world cannot permit long to continue. Discovered by the same Columbus, Nortli America has become the home of vastly more people than South America and a much more important industrial center, but whatever may have been the predominating causes, this wide difference is bound to disappear, as the whole world tends more and more to approach a common standard. The recent visit of Mr. Secretary Root, of the Wash- ington cabinet, to the various South American capitals, has been the means of bringing out expressions of mutual sentiments of interest and esteem between Latin America and the United States the sincerity of which cannot be doubted. While his errand was by no means commercial in its nature, whatever tends to bind two or more countries together iu interest promotes commercial intercourse among them. Not that the visit of a single high official will neces- sarily be followed by larger trade relations between North and South America, but the conditions which called for such a visit, and which it hasl)een tlie means of revealing to the world, point to new opportunities for the October i, 1906.] THE INDIA RUBBER WORLD inanufactuiers and exporters of the United States which, we feel certain, will be turned to good account. The United vStates long have been large buyers of cer- tain South American products, such as rubber, as a mat- ter of necessity, but South America has bought European manufactures. There are many goods made here wliich the Latin Americans can use to advantage on a larger scale than in the past, and with the new era of South American development now opening we shall expect to see Europe's predominance in that trade declining. SYNTHETIC RUBBER ONE YEAR HENCE.? PROFESSOR WYNDHAM DUNSTAN, whose inter- esting paper read before the British Association appears on another page, is willing to go on record with the statement that synthetic rubber will be an accom- plished fact — some time. Some of his readers understood him to predict this important discovery within a year. The time limit which he really made, however, was be- fore the A.ssociation met again at York. Suppose it should never again meet in York ? Anyway, his state- ment would have weight were it not for the fact that he follows it by prophesying that Mr. Kelway Bamber's discovery that the latex of India-rubber can be cured by chloride of sulphur will be of commercial value. To begin with, it isn't the wish of the writer in any way to minimize the excellent work that the gentlemen in the government service in Ceylon have done in con- nection with India-rubber. That it would be a commer- cial possibility, however, to take the latex of any rubber tree and make it up into marketable goods is not to be thought of. It should be appreciated that rubber to be of any value to the world at large must ninety-nine times out of a hundred be compounded, and not onlj' compounded but made up into certain physical shapes for specific purposes. Any one familiar w'ith rubber manufacture can readily see that it would be impossible, for example, to make an elevator belt with the rubber compounded to give the best wearing surface and with a strong friction by the use of latex in which was a modi- cum of chloride of sulphur, instead of a doughy com- pound run into sheets and shaped by the belt press. In- deed, how in the world could one get any sort of com- pounds into latex and chloride of sulphur, and where in the world would reclaimed rubber and other assistants that are absolutely necessary to-day be added ? Mr. Bamber's experiment is exceedingly interesting but not practical, and Professor Dunstan's estimate of its value is not sound. Is his estimate of the possibility of a commercial production of synthetic rubber within one year — or twenty-five years— any sounder? The pact that government ownership of the railways is being strongly urged by Mr. Bryan and his political .sup- porters does not mean, of course, that I'ncle Sam is going into the railway business right awaj'. But if he were it would be a matter of considerable interest to the rubber manufacturers, particularly on account of the large volume of rubber supplies needed every year by the railwaj' com- panies. Considering the amount of red tape, time, and an- noyance involved in selling the government a few pounds ot elastic bands or rubber erasers nowadays, the prospect would not be a pleasing one of having to trade with oflicial purchasing agents in dealing with millions of feet of air brake hose, for example. DEATH OF GEORGE F. HODGMAN. As we go to press conies from London the sad news of the death of Mr. George F. Ilodgnian, of the Ilodgnian Rubber Co., New York. He left two months ago with his wife for a tour of Europe. At that time he was in the best of health. Ten days ago his son Theodore was summoned to England, arriving only a few days before the suddenly de- veloped heart trouble terminated fatally. The passing of one who stood for so much in the way of fair dealing, high courage, and staunch friendliness, will shock and sadden the whole trade. KING LEOPOLD'S RUBBER REALM. WH.VTEVER may be the outcome of the rumored negotiations for the acquiring by Americans of an interest in the Congo rubber trading companies, the ru- mors at least afford an occasion for reviewing an interest- ing branch of the crude rubber situation. No other coun- try, considered as a source of crude rubber, has ever re- ceived so much attention at the hands of the general public as the Congo Free State. In the first place, this was until lately an unknown country. It is not a score of years since Stanley, just become famous on account of his daring inva- sion of " Darkest Africa," announced to the world his dis- covery of untold wealth of rubber along the great Congo and its tributaries. Commercial companies were speedih- formed to exploit the resources of that region, rubber always being considered first, because the rubber was ready in the forest for any comer, without waste of time for planting, building, or other development work. Returns were speedy, and at such a lib- eral rate as to suggest magic. Few white people had ever seen the Congo countr3% so that it remained a land of mys- tery, and all the more mysterious because of the great profits of the trading companies operating there, whereas raw rubber had never been associated in the public mind with getting rich quick. Besides, the Congo Free State had as its patron a European monarch whose name was on everybodj-'s tongue, and who was generally supposed to be getting a good share of the trading profits referred to. The whole civilized world has been called into the so called Congo controversy, in rela- tion to the treatment of the rubber gatherers, whether inspired by pure philanthropy or commercial jealousy — a question not to be discussed here. The fact is that there is yet avast amount of rubber in the extensive area of the Congo Free State, despite what has been exported. It is mainly upon the receipts from the Congo that the rubber trading at Antwerp has been built up, within a few years, from nothing to 5000 or 6000 tons a year. The figures below show the amounts of rubber ex- ported year by year from the Free State proper : THE INDIA RUBBER ^A^ORLD [October i, 1906. Pounds. Pounds. 1887 66,110 1897 3657.236 18S8 163,447 1S98 4,649.623 1S89 288,448 1899 8,242,935 1S9O 272066 1900 11,696,375 1891 "79.736 1901 13228,013 1892 343.945 1902 11,770,994 1893 ... 530.r37 I903 11,396,882 1894 744,022 1904 10.628,066 1S95 1,268,337 1905 10,695,887 1896 2,Sy8,i6r While some of the areas first exploited for rublier have now liecoine less productive than at the he;.^iiining, new fields have been entered, and there remains no little territory which has not been worked at all. Moreover, in placeswhere originally onlj- rubber vines or creepers were known, and when they seemed about exhausted, trees yielding rubber of good qualitj- have been discovered. Altogether, the rate of production is being maintained at such a rate that, during the first .seven months of T906, more rubber from the Congo was received at Antwerp than in the same ])eriod in either of the last two jears preceding. And a study of the finan- cial markets of Brussels and Antwerp shows a range of prices for shares in the Congo rubber trading companies that indicates a continued high degree of public confidence in their future. Practically the first official act of the Congo Free vState government as now organized, was to declare all unoccupied lands to form a domain of the crown, all products of these lands likewise being reserved to the state. Hence the basis for a system of concessions to trading companies, protected in their monopolies by all the power of the government. INIany such companies have existed, and many still e.xist, though there has been a series of reorganizations tending to concentration of trading interests. Particularly has there been a tendency to admit the participation of the state in the profits of the co>ucssio7iaii'e companies. In a number of cases the state holds half the shares issued by the companies, it being understood that there has been no capital supplied by the state. The companies acquire trading rights, under governmental protection, and pay half the net profits for their privileges. The Societe ABIR (Anglo-Belgian India Rubber Co ), often mentioned as one of the more prominent of these companies, and one of the first in the field, has been noted for the extent of its profits and the prices paid for its shares. More recently the Syndicat (or Compagnie) du Kasai has figured largely in the Congo trade, being the re- sult of the merger of fourteen rubber co?iccssiotiaire compumes, in the Kasai valley. Half the shares in this combination are held by the government. The Kasai company shipped S15 tons of rubber to Antwerp in 1903; 911 tons in 1904; and 1210 tons in 1905. Their profits in 1905 amounted to nearly- $1,500,000, and it is expected that at the meeting this month a dividend will be declared bringing the total for the last business jear to 1500 francs per share — three times the nominal value. These shares have been quoted recently at 16,250 francs. It will be seen from the above that for any outsider to become interested in the Congo rubber situation in a large way. negotiations would have to be entered into with the government. Also, that while the present rate of financial returns is continued, the Congo rubber interests can not be bought for a song. The companies named below do not comprise all which hold or have held concessions on the Congo, but only such as figure among the shippers of rubber to Antwerp during the past year : Compagnie du Kasai : S. .\. Beige pour le Commerce du Haul Congo. Neuwe Handels Vennootschap Society des Produits Vegetaux dit Haul Kasai. Cie. Anversoise des Plantations du Lubefu. Plantations Lacourt. Socield "La Belgika". Comptoir Congolais '■ Velde ". Soci^td ■' La Kassaienne ". Societe .\nonyine '• La Djunia ". L'Kst du Kvvango. S. A. Societe " La Loanje ". Central Africaine. Cie. des Magasins Generaux du Congo. Societe Anonyme Trafic Congolias. Societe Generale Africaine. Societe ABIR. .Societe Anversoise du Commerce au Congo. Comitc Special Katanga. Cie. du Chemin de fer des Grand Lacs. Societe Anonj'uie Isanghi. Societe Anonyme Beige Commerce du Ilaut-Congo. Compagnie du Lomanii. Societe Anonyme La Belgica. Societe Anonyme I'lkelemba. Societe Equatoriale Congolaise. Societe Anonyme La Lulonga. Camille D 'Heygere. Comptoir Commercial Congolais. Cie. Bruxelloise pr Commerce au Congo. Compagnie Andrea. Another and important feature of the Congo rubber trade is the collection of taxes by the state through the enforced labor of the natives. In other words, taxes are paid " in kind" — in rubber, principally instead of cash. The3-early budget of the Congo Free State includes, among estimated receipts, so many millions of francs of such taxes. How- many pounds of rubber are required to discharge this obli- gation is nowhere recorded, but the proceeds of the ta.x col- lection are included in the arrivals at Antwerp for account of the Societe Generale Africaine, which are referred to also as for the Doniaine prive. These arrivals amount to more than 2000 tons annually, and doubtless the business in- volved would not be turned over to foreigners for a small consideration. Any way, how would the purchaser manage to keep up the collection of rubber? SOMH WANTS OF THE TRADE. [3i5] TT^ROM an Illinois hardware company : " We are in -*- the automobile business and are an.xious to get hold of some kind of vulcanizer for repairing automobile tires. Can you give us the address of any party making such an apparatus ? " [310] A well known mechanical rubber goods house would like to communicate with the manufacturers of a waterproof compound that can be used for saturating cotton woven covering to be used on the outside of steam hose, a decided improvement over the red paint and diecovering now in use. [•'{47] From Quebec : " Would you be so kind as to put me in touch with some of our United States friends manufactur- ing combination fountain and hot water bags, also uterine syringes. I would buy in hundred, or more, lots, on manu- facturer's own terms. I already have the Canadian manu- facturers' figures." October i, 1906.] THE INDIA RUBBER WORLD INVENTORS AND THEIR REWARDS. T /"TAIII", rcwanls of invention are commonly sui)posiil to b(! liberal. Belter evidence of this belief is not needed than the voluminous issues every year from the patent ofTices of the United States and a do/tn other countries. There are yet people who suppose the ownership of a patent for a new invention, to be a clear title to a fortune ; it is only necessary to obtain a patent, and the rest will happen as a matter of course. The great number of failures seems in no way to deter the army of inventors, which seems constantly' to increase. The profits made from very many patented articles have been enormous, it is true, and the number of profitable '■ new " inventions was never so great in any period in the past as now. But profits under the protection of patents and financial rewards for the patentee himself are not neces- sarily the same thing. Hence the conviction in some minds that the patentee of a useful article does not always get a •■ square deal " ; in other words, that governments fail to do all that they should for the interests of inventors. There always have been people who failed to make the most of their opportunities, and inventors are, after all, made of al)out the same sort of stuff as other people. One inven- tor accepts the first price offered for an untried patent and is content until, in the unforeseen ])rogress of the world, the invention becomes useful and the purchaser is found to be making a fortune. The first American patent for a rubber beer bottle stopple was bought on a venture for J; 1000 by a man who is reported to have derived 5,5,000,000 or more in royalties from it. The fact is that the issue of a patent is usually so far in advance of the development of the art to which it relates that a fair opportunity to test the merit of the invention has not been afforded. The inventor, therefore, has no means of determining the value of his discovery. Thomas A. Edison accepted $40,000, freely offered for his first patent, when he doubtless would have been glad to accept $2000 for it. And not every inventor is enough of a business man to make the most of the rewards that do come to him. The inventor, in a measure, is apt to lack in business "sense." He makes a mechanical improvement, for example, which some one else is quick to see merit in, and prepared prom] tly to place before the world. It is made and marketed as it it represented finalitj' in perfection of the branch to which it relates. But if its exploitation were left to the inventor, he might never be satisfied with his product. Every time be turned out a thousand of his device or apparatus he would be tempted to experiment in the direction of an improxe- ment — meaning new patents, new models, prospective greater fortunes — so that the article would never be com- pleted, and a large business never developed. It is not strange, therefore, that the actual inventor ;\nd patentee of many an important principle or device has failed to pocket a large share of the profits derived from its sale. But there is another side of the question. The nominal in- ventor and patentee, no matter how nnicli merit should le ascribed to him, in countless instances has only contributed to the world a crude idea, which has been made of really great benefit to man, by the conibined efforts and skill of numerous other workers, who for the most part never share the credit for the invention. Nelson {'loody ear (a younger brother of Charles) obtained a patent for the compound known as hard rubber — some- thing before not known to the world, and for awhile his estate collected royalties from licensees under the patent. But within a few years improvements were made in the art, so that before the expiration of the Goodyear patent the original process had become obsolete. To-day his patent represents no more in the hard rubber art than the first sug- gestion of the possibility of producing a material that has come to be of great utility. First and last fortunes have been made under patents for hard rubber in which Nelson Goodyear's estate never shared, but only because his initial invention was supplemented in an important way by so many later investigators and experimenters. Possibly if his patent specification had been written on broader lines, the reward for Goodyear would have been more liberal, but no blame can attach to the government in this regard. To-day the rubber tire represents the field in rubber inven- tion which is most prolific in patents. It certainly is the rub- ber branch which appeals most strongly to public interest. Enormous sums have been paid for rubber tire patents or have been collected in royalties undersuch patents. But nopatentee of a rubber tire has grown wealthj' in consequence. The fact is that out of thousands of tire patents, the principle involved in a score or less has proved of commanding importance, and who- ever happened to own the patents at the projiei time to share in the development of the trade has profited financially — some of them very largely. But this does not imply any lack of justice, on the part of governments or tire makers, to the various inventors involved. Look at Thomson, the English inventor, who brought out the first pneumatic rubber tire, more than 60 years ago. He was so far ahead of his time that he and his patent were actually forgotten before a commercial demand for pneumatic tires existed. When the time was ripe for such tires, and in- ventors began to recognize the demand, their applications for patents in many cases were denied on the ground of an- ticipation by Thomson. Thomson himself never profited a penny by his invention. Millions of tires based upon the Thomson principle have yielded profits to somebody. Of course there have been later inventors who have profited from patents on improvements on the crude fastening or re- taining devices suggested by Thomson. As for Dunlop, who had never heard of Thomson when he took out a patent, his tire, though it was the original basis of a great tire company, was never really subject matter for a valid patent. And Dunlop's own tire soon dropped out of sight. The tire which his company really founded their business upon was made under the Welch patent, covering the principle of attachment by means of two inextensible wires, engaging a su tably grooved rim, but not necessarily for a pneumatic tire. Not even Welch had in mind the modern pneumatic tire. His specification did mention, in one of iS claims, the applicability of his device to a tire made on Thomson's principle, and this one claim eventually survived and became the basis of the Dunlop monopoly. But d THE INDIA RUBBER WORLD [October i, 1906. did this make Welch the inventor of the perfected tire mar- keted hy the Dunlop organization ? So with the "clincher" tire. Neither the American nor the l?ritish patentee of this type of tire specified any sucli tite as is actually made to-day by Goodrich, Michelin, or the Sfltish, German, and Italian manufacturers. Patents were (dlcen out and sustained in some countries and denied in other countries. The "clincher " tire has hecome standard ized throughout the world, and is now the leading type in pneumatics for motor cars. But no one man— no two men — can be named as the inventors. Certain tire inventors have obtained hand.some rewards under their patents, recognized in some countries which are not to be begrudged them. But the real development has been the work of scores, hundreds, or thousands of persons, in rubber factories, automobile factories, among automobilists, and possibly elsewhere -the result of endless painstaking experimenting, with a view to overcoming defects and weak- nesses and to making tires equal to new rcijuirements, un- foreseen by the original inventors. This is how large and far reaching inventions are devel oped in more cases than the public realizes. Inventors of course are entitled to rewards, but hardly to the whole profit from developments in which they may be only pioneers, and perhaps without a conception of the possibilities involved. C. D. FROST. HOW MANY AUTOMOBILES ARE THERE? '' I "*HE number of automobiles in use in the United States -»- it is practically impossible to determine. Some fig- ures of interest are obtainable from the states in which automobiles are required by law to be registered, but they are not conclusive. Up to July 1 automobiles had been reg- istered in twenty-four states (having registration laws) as follows, except that in some cases the date of the report was later in the month : California (Jul. 17) 6,787 New York 30,829 Coiuiecticut 3.320 Oregon (Jul. 23) 310 Delaware (Jul. 19) 296 Pennsylvania (Jul. 19). 11,67c) Florida 232 Rhode Island i,Si9 Indiana 332; South Dakota (Jul 21). 510 Iowa 2 214 Tennessee 628 Maine (Jul. ig) i,iSr Vermont 727 Maryland (Jul. 19) 2240 Virginia 198 Massachusetts 15.897 Washington (Jul 23.). . 300 Michigan (Jul. 19) 4,126 West Virginia 162 Nebraska S12 Wisconsin (Jul. 19) 2,270 New Hampshire (Jul. 19) 952 New Jersey 16,500 Total 107,314 This list does not embrace two states in which a great many automobiles are owned — Ohio and Illinois. On August 2 the local registration in the city of Chicago, Illinois, auu>unted to about 5000. Another point is that so many automobiles are registered in more than one state. This is particularly true of automobiles registered both in New York and in the adjacent states. As a rule the officials aiake no effort to estimate the extent of duplication. But the secretary of the Massachusetts highway commission makes an interesting statement to The India Rubber World, as follows : Under the law, when ownership of a motor vehicle is transferred its registration expires. Registration by the new owner or person in control of the vehicle then becomes necessary. Many machines have therefore been registered more than once The commission has received approximately 3500 or 4000 notices of transfer of owuer- ship. There have probably been many more transfers of which the commission have not been notified. Then too, hundreds of auto- mobiles from other states have been registered by their owners while tcinring in Ma.ssachusetts. It will be seen that the nutnber given above, i,S 897, does not represent the number of automobiles now in Ma.s.sachusetts. There may be Sooo or 901X5, but it is inqjos- sible to correctly estimate the number. It would not do, however, to cut in half the whole regis- tration of the 24 states natned to get at the number of cars owned in them. In fact, in a number of states the registra- tion figures are given as showing the exact number of cars on the date of rejiort. Making a liberal deduction for dupli- cated registration and for machines which have gone out of use, and adding to the result a number of cars for the states not on the list, commensurate with their population and wealth, it appears to the writer not impo.ssible that there are 100.000 automobiles in the country. But even reducing this number by 25 per cent. — the admitted annual rate of automobile production in the United States to-day — the number would very soon reach 100,000. * -x- * The " Daily Mail Year Book " for 1906. published in Lon- don, states that the approximate number of motor cars in use in the United Kingdom in 1905 was 31,129, as against 1.8,340 in 1904, showing an increase during the year of 12,- 789. These returns are made up to midsummer of each year. The approximate number of motor cycles in use as given is ■ somewhat larger — 34,706 in 1905 and 21,521 in 1904. The British royal commission on motor cars has tnade a report, showing the following number of vehicles to have been under license in the United Kingdom at the dates given : Motor Cycles. Ottier Motor Cars Decembei 31,1904 ... 27.348 24201 September 30, 1905 37 665 36,373 May 1. 1906 42,438 44,098 * * -x- The " Annuaire General de I' .Vutomobile " for 1905, pub- lished in Paris, contains a list of the names and addresses of automobile owners, without other details, except a statement to the effect that while an effort has been made to render the list as complete as possible, it is not offered as a full list, since the authorities are not obliged to supply the names of those registering automobiles. The number of names ap- pearing in this compilation is as follows : Paris 4.318 Seine Sor Departments 12.626 Total 17.745 A later publication, by a French parliamentary commis- sion, gives 21,524 as the number of automobiles in the country at the end of 1905. * * * The "Aunuario dell' .^utomobilismo " for 1906 of the Touring Club of Italy, imblished at Milan, contains a list of the automobile owners of Italy on December 31, 1905, fol- lowed by a statistical table showing the number of automo- biles in use at that date, which latter is summarized here. Private. Public. Commercial. Tot.il. Northern Italy 1502 l6 3 1521 Central Italy.' 469 2 — 471 Southern Italy 102 26 — 128 Insular Italy 53 i ~ 54 Total 2126 45 3 2174 October i, 1906.] THE INDIA RUBBER WORLU RUBBER DISCUSSED AT THE BRITISH ASSOCIATION. MUCH interest has been excited by the presidential address of Professor Wyndhani Dunstan, before tlic Chemistry section of the British Association — the most notable scientific institution in the United Kingdom — at the recent annual meeting at York. 'I'lu- newspapers emphasized the sentence: "Chemists ma^', however, confidently predict that before the British Asso- ciation again meets at York the synthetic production of rubber will be a fully accomplished fact." It should be recognized that this statement was by no means the key- note of Professor Dunstan 's address, as president of the Chemistry section of the association. His topic was : '• .Some Imperial Aspects of .\pplied Chemistry." The speaker dwelt on "the importance of our science [chemistry] in one or other of its many relations to national and Imperial aflairs, and to invite your attention to the inti mate connection of our science with the problems that await .solution in connection with the utilization of the raw mate- rials and economic products of our colonies, and especially those of our tropical possessions. There is a pressing need that the Imperial government should recognize much more fully than it has hitherto done, and at least as fully as for- eign gcivcrnnients are already doing, the claims of scientific investigation to be regarded as the pioneer instrument of this work, and as the e.s.sential first step in the material and commercial development of our possessions. Althougli my remarks will be chiefly directed to the importance of chem- istry in this connection, my ])lea will be more general ; inas- much as in determining the value of the mineral resources of a country, other specialists are also concerned, and the assistance of the geologist, the mineralogist, and eventuallj- of the metallurgist may be reipiired. Similarly with vege- table ami agricultural products, the services of the economic botanist and of the entomologist will be needed. " The imijortance of agriculture in the vast colonial re- sources of the empire was dwelt upon, in the course of Professor Dunstan 's address, during which he said : TR01"ICAI, AGRICULTURE. A LiiiCMi.sT working in the spirit of an investigator will be able to render special services to the cause of tropical agri- culture, and it is. therefore, of importance that in future the men appointed to these posts should be chosen as far as possible on account of the promise they have shown as inves- tigators. The determination of the constituents of little- known indigenous plants as the first step towards ascertain- ing their economic value is another department of work which cannot be carried w to develop- ing what they consider an exceptionallj- good piece of rubber land on the isthmus of Tehuantepec. The president, M. P. Ryan, and other officers are business men of position in St. Paul. The plantation manager is L. A. Ostien, sometime with the Utah state agricultural college and familiar, by .stud}-, with tropical planting problems. PLANTING "CASTIILOa" IN CI BA. The Ocean Beach Fruit Lands Co., organized a little over a year ago at Milwaukee, Wi.sconsin, w'ith $25,000 capital, is developing a tract of 1000 acres at Ocean Beach, the Amer- ican town on Ouardina bay, in Pinar del Rio province, Cuba. The purpose is to plant oranges, rubber, and tobacco. This year the company planted 10,000 seeds of Castilloa claslica, from trees growing in various parts of Cuba, where the}- were introduced from Mexico. The officers of the company are representative business men of Milwaukee, and the man- 10 THE INDIA RUBBER WORLD [October i, 1906. ager, Edward A. Kiiramel, was fonnerU- manager of the Mexican coffee and rubber plantation of the Hatavia Co., also of Milwaukee. Mr. Kiimmel writes : " We have every confidence in the future of rubber in Cuba, and are proud to say that as far as we know, we shall have the first rubber ])lantation in Cuba." RUBBER CULTURAL EXPERIMENTS l)u, I'i:iiR Oi.sson'-Sei'imcr, director of La Zacualpabotani- ical station at Escuintla, Chiapas, Mexico, since its estab- PLANTATION HOUSE ON A LARGE PRIVATE RUBBER ESTATE IN MEXICO. li.sinueiU iu December last, for the carrying on of experiments in scientific rubber culture, has gone to the Orient to make studies of a similar character on the older rubber plantations in Ceylon and elsewhere. Dr. Olsson-Seffer has instituted series of experiments in relation to tapping methods, treat- ment of the latex, and also the effect of selection in the development of rubber trees, all of which will be continued during his absence. It is intended in due time to make public the results of all these experiments. NORTHERN MEXICO GUAYULE MAD. ' I ^HE excitement which followed the discovery of oil in -*- Texas a few years ago has its parallel in the craze which exi.sts throughout northern Mexico over the discovery of rubber in the guaj'ule shrub says a correspondent of the New York Si/n writing from Monterey. The utilization of the shrub is no longer an experiment. More than ^,3, 000,000 has been invested in the erection of gnajnle rubber factories in this region within eighteen months and the investment of several more millions is in prospect. The guayule plant was until recently regarded as a nui- sance, and the arid land on which it grows had little value for any purpose. Now two tons at least of guayule shrubs can be got from an acre, which sell as high as $100 (silver) a ton. Hence manj- ranch owners who were land poor have become rich. Francisco Madero, of Parras, Mexico, is mentioned as the owner of 4,000,000 acres of guayule producing land. He is said to be the largest individual land owner in northern Mexico. He estimates that his land will produce at the first cutting not less than 5,000,000 tons of guajule. At $50 gold a ton the shrub would bring him $250,000,000. In the opinion of experts who have gone over much of this land it will yield at least two tons of the shrub to the acre. That being true, its value is $400,000,000. Madero is a rich man outside of his landed holdings, and is the head of a sj'udicate organized, as the Si/>/'s writer hears it, " to fight the Continental Rubber Co.," which is an important New York corporation. There does appear to be competition at least in the buying of guayule shrubs. One companj', it is reported, recently paid Eugenio Ortiz, owner of a large guayule bearing ranch in the state of Nuevo Leon, $200,000 in advance for the product from this land for a period of eight years. Seiior Madero, by the way, is showing his faith in guayule by building factories for getting rubber out of it. He owns two such factories already near Parras, and is having others ])lanned for him, in the state of Zacetecas and elsewhere. The Sii'i refers to the large guayule factories of the Con- tinental Rubber Co., and several smaller ones owned by vari- ous parties, and concludes with more stories of fortunes quickly made by selling the shrub : A number of Americans have made fortunes out of guayule lands since the boom started. Soon after the discoverj' was made that the shrub was valuable J. H. Sendole of San .\ntonio, Te.xas, purchased a ranch of 10,000 acres of land situated between Torreon and Saltillo for $3000. He re- cently closed a contract with one of the rubber companies for the sale of all the guayule shrub upon the ranch for $iSo,ooo Mexican money, which is equivalent to $90,000 American gold. He still owns the land. Thomas Hebb, a Texas railroad conductor, came to Mex- ico about five years ago and purchased a ranch of about 40,000 acres in the Avalos district, state of Zacetecas, for 30 cents an acre. Tlie land was worthless except for grazing purposes. Mr. Hebb found that his property was in the very heart of the guayule growing region. He closed a deal recentl\- for the sale of all the guajnile shrub upon the ranch for $235,000. HOW GARAGEMbN SAVE TIRES. TT is a fact well known to everyone who has much experi- -^ ence with automobiles that oil or gasoline will cause disintegration and ruin of rubber tires. That being the case, the greatest care is taken by the conscientious chauffeur when filling his tank or oiling his machine lest there should be a spill or leakage that might some da}' cause trouble. In the public garages nowadays everj' precaution is taken to see that every drop of oil goes where it is intended, and that no gasoline is spilled over the floor to generate a vapor that might lead to disaster, or to penetrate a tire and damage it. Perhaps fire department and insurance regulations have had something to do with this, but, be that as it may, the effect is the same. The floor of every well regulated garage is kept as clean and dry as possible. In most places there are shallow trays that fill the entire space under the automo- bile. When a motor car is to be oiled a tray is placed be- neath it and if any oil should drop it would be prevented from falling on the floor. The operation of oiling completed, the tray is withdrawn, wiped dri,- and placed aside until needed again. It is ne.xt to impossible for harm to come to a tire from oil or gasoline while in a garage. October i, 1906.] THE INDIA RUBBER WORLD 11 A STUDY OF FLAT TREAD PNEUMATIC TIRES. TIIIC Hat trcMcl IxKiiii, wliicli is now on in full force, has led many to look into the arguments for and against this tj'pe, even when they did not intend making a change. (Ithers are interested, without having the time to investigate the matter thoroughlw and have expressed a wish to have the question threshed out. .After all, it is not a matter of any great importance; but wlien one considers the popularity of this type, in the face of the recent demand for round tires, it must have a hrnicr hasis than a passing whim. The round tyjie is, of course, the oldest ; and though tires were later made in squares and horseshoe shapes, the tendencj' for several years has been toward a round section, which shape liest distributes the strain. I,et it be got clearly in mind at the beginning, that practi- cally all the flat treads now made, whether Palmer, Gaulois, Imperial, Michelin, Continental, Harburg, Pennsylvania, O & J, or Diamond, are made in a round section, .so far as the canvas and strains are concerned. The names just given do not complete the list, either, because every well estab- lished tire house is now making flat treads, regularly or for special orders. It is not known just when the flat tread was first made. Like almost every other commodity, the idea was probably advanced long before it came into real use. The Continental Caoutchouc Co. seem to have first brought the flats promi- nently forward, the Michelins following closely. They have now been in use for nearU' tw-o years in Kurope, though the G & J and the Diamond people, who were the first Americans to take them up, have onlj' been making them during the past season. They are still far more popular in Europe than here, though they are coming rapidly into favor with Americans. The presumption has really been against them, and they have not been well advertised in the I'nited States; and their rapidly growing jiopularity is based upon the recommendations of those who have actually used them. Everybody who has ever used fiat treads has a good story to tell of their steadiness, their lasting qualities, and their behavior on skiddy roads. The disfavor in which flat treads were first held grew out of an apparent weakness, which has no doubt thrust itself upon everybody who looked at them for the first time. This is that a flat tread, built upon a round tire, will necessarily leave thick corners on each side. At first sight, it woidd seem that the weight of the car, running upon these corners, would make the tire bend or crimp sharply in the center of the tread, thus destroy- ing the canvas, sooner or later, along that line. The more a man knows about tires, the more does this criticism appeal to him, and the makers admit that such crimping is a po.ssibil- ity, if the tires are run FLAT TREAD PNEUMATIC. 1°° soft ; but having ,,,j(pp«.„.,jaaie.,. ,- .Wfea the canvas built in round section largely removes this slight tendency. Another objection sometimes brought against flat treads is that they must be molded. Though rarely .seen now, it was fi)riuerly common for the canvas to be wrinkled or crimped in the mold, thus bringing it very close to the sur- face in spots, where it ,soon wore through and burst. Some tire nundirs claim to have found such flaws in some of the Ivuropean flats; but such instances are rare, and are hardly known among American flat treads. Other criticisms, purely theoretical, are that flat treads are more likely to catch on sharp stones, thus hav- ing their edges gouged off very .soon, while K-''T Tn M> . : i I Touud tifcs would glance ofi'or kick the rocks out to one side. Others think that a heavy side strain, catching upon the tread edge, would have a better chance to tear the rubber loose from the canvas. Some have also advanced the objection that every increase in the thickness of the tread must necessarily take away from the speed and bouncinessof the tire, making it ride harder and require more power. .Another theoretical criticism is, that the wider the tread and the more the road contact, the more road friction there will be. meaning less speed and re- siliency. They feel that when running in mud and on wet asphalt, flat treads would necessarily create more suction. The Collier Tyre Co., who have made a study of this very point, and who, in con.sequence, have made their tires with narrow, pointed trea;ivjnien2j in carrying the Gogglette is provided with a double pointed nosepiece so that it may be folded readily and carried in tlie pocket, while the nosepiece itself can be bent to fit varying pupillary distances. [E. B. Meyrowitz, No. 104 Ivist Twenty-third street. New York.] TWO NEAT Rl'BRFR HFF.I «. TiiK wearing of rubber heels has become very general in Canada, which is only natural in view of the Dominion being un der the British flag, and everybody knows how popular these articles have become in the mother country. To some it might appear that a rubber heel is simply a rubber heel, and that there is nothing more to say. But there are great differences in makes — in form, method of con- struction, and quality of material. A manufacturer has to take all these in- to consideration, besides making his goods neat ap- pearing, without making the price too high. Here are shown two attractive styles made by The Dun- lop Tire and Rubber Co., Limited, Toronto. .'^I'K1^G HkH. CI .sHION .•\. VENTii,.\TED shoe and in connection with this a Spring Heel Cushion, is one of the innovations in the boot and shoe trade, a patent for this having been granted to Mathew Byrne and William G. Young. Below the insole plate and attached to it at the forward end is a cushion plate of rubber with a series of apertures. In the plate is also arranged a series of hollow apertures, these being on the under side. Below the cushion plate and secured to it and the insole plate is a lining and below this is arranged the heel of the shoe which is constructed in the usual way. Where the cushion plate is stitched to the heel insole, it is beveled or tapered, the inner end of the insole plate being also tapered, thus providing for a general rise from the sole portion of the shoe to the cushion portion in the heel. By this construc- tion no unevenness of the insole will be noticeable. The advantages of such a lining will serve to lessen the vibration. OCTOHEK 1906.3 THE 1ND1>^ rtUaBER WORLD 17 RECENT RUBBER PATENTS. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. ISSUKD AUGU.ST 7, 1906. NO. .S27,7o5. I'neumatio liorse collar. J K. llurkliolck-i, Lan- caster, Pa. 827,719. Kar imillli;. J. K. ICiijilciiiaii and (). I'artenluMnier, Jersey, City, N. J. 827 739 Pipe or hose conplin^. C. Iv. Lin.ncnfclter. assignor to Scully Stei-l and Iron Co. both of Chicago 111 827.758. I'oniitain drafting pen. O. P. Smith and P. Stokes, I'hilailelphia, Pa. 827,784. Cushion tire, Iv li. Cadwell, New York city, assignor of one-third each to V Johnston and !•". M. Ashley. 827,797. Horseshoe. M. I). C/lassbrooke, 527 835. Gas main bag. J H. Wliite, Jersey City, N. J., assignor of one half to A. Bell Malconison. West Orange, N. J. 827,910. .Xpiiaratus for achnini.stiring litjuid anesthetics. J. A. Hollenberger, Hagerstown, Md 827,927. Pneumatic tire. II. D. B. LefTerts, Orange, N. J. 827,9'i6. Rubber warming and mixing mill. C. I'. Obermaier, Yonkers, N. V. 827,938. Rubber wheel tire. H. G. Osbnrn, Hoboken. N. J. 828,022. Truss S. A. Donnelly Chicago, 111. 828,178. Beil pan. A K. Betts, Kensington. Md. 528 223. Detachable tire rim. H G. Leisenring, Wayne, Nebr. 828,241 Cotton gin roller. II Petersen, Willacoochee, Ga. 828,243 Hose coupling J. I' Polniann, Wallington, N.J. 828,254. Tire. J H. Swain, assignor to H. M iS: S. .\rmored Tire Co , Inc. both of Pittsburgh Pa. Trade Mark. 3 500. Standard Underground Cable Co., Pittsburgh, Pa. Essential feature. — The word tCLI-'SE For insulated wire. Issued Augist 14 1906. 82S,2cj6. Convej-er. C. K. Baldwin, New York city, assignor to The Robins Belt Conveying Belt Co., a corporation of New- Jersey. 828,415 Bowling-alley pin T. Mayhew, assignor to American Promoting Co., both of Detroit, Mich. 828,416. Tire. F. Mesigner. New York city. 828,562. Hose reel. G. M. Melven, Louisville. Ky. 82S.613. Milking machine. F. A. Lane, assignor to I). H. I!ur- reil & Co., both of Little Falls, N. Y. 828 641. Tire for motor-cars. I. Clifford. London, England. 828,666. Oil vaporizer. F. F. Kanne, Waterville, Minn. 828,701. Tire cover. W. A. Allen, New York city. S28 704. Rubber printing stamp. L. B. Blackmore, assignor to The Blackmore Engineering Co., both of .\rlington. N. J. 828,705 Cleaning brush. P. J. Bode, assignor of one fourth to C. G. Nagel, both of St. Louis. S28,7?2 .'Vtomizer and like instrument. F. C. Dorment Kala niazoo, Mich., assignor to L. R Williams Chicago. 828 S41. Locking band for pneumatic tire covers. J. Cottrell, assignor to A. H. Smith, both of London, England. 828,863. Automobile wheel. A. J. Robertson, Chicago. Trade Mark. 12,734. The Indiana Rubber and Insulated Wire Co , Jonesboro, Ind. The word P^RANMc F'or insulated wire, cables, and insulating tape. Issued August 21, igo6. 828,872. .attachment for hair-combs [comprising an air bulb] . U. L. Berger, Washington, D. C. 828,893. Sectional rim. W. G. Marr, Springfield, Mass. 828 916. Renovator [with blast nozzle and elastic bulb]. S. E. Allison. Chicago. 828,920. Fountain pen. G. F. Brandt, assignor of one half to C. Brandt, both of Boston. 828,973. Fountain Pen. W. W. Sanford, Newark, N.J , assignor of one half to F. D. Bennett, Freehold, N. J. 829,009. Elastic chain. G. Helps, Nuneaton, England. 829,059. Adjustable sick-bed cuspidor. W. B.Campbell, Jackson, Mich. 829,274. Diving apparatus. F. Knofi', Chicago. 829,281. Bath cabinet. W. E. Monro, London, Englan AUGU,ST 28, 1906. 829,461. Vehicle wheel and pneumatic tire therefor. E. Chaquette, New Rochelle, N. Y. 829,496. Protecting cover for vehicle tires. R. Walwork, Man- chester, England. 829,546. Packing P. Schou, Copenhagen, Denmark. 829 608. Fishing cork or float H. T. Stanton, Tuxedo Park. St Louis county, Mo. 829,741. Swimming shoe. .■\. Schwalge, Chicago. 829,840. Gasket. G C. Bruner, assignor of one half to C. Nnss- meier, both of Evansville, Ind. 829,893. Cornet mouthpiece. M. M. Rubriglil, Hartville, Ohio. Trade Mark 7,203 The Goodyear Tire and Rubber Co.,.'\kron Ohio. The word CA.TUS I'or rubber tires [Note.— Printed copies of specifications of United States patents may be ob taitied from The India Rubber World office at lo cents each, postpaid.] GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND Patent Specifications Published, The number given is that assigned lo the Patent at the tiling of the Applic:<- tion, which in the case of those listed below was in igos. * Denotes Patents for American Inventions. [Abstracted in the Illustrated Official Journal, July 25. 1906 ] 6,386(1905). Means for attaching pneumatic tires to the rim. E. Schmitz. Cologne. Germany. 6,432(1905). Elastic tire. S. Leech, Loughborough. 6,452 (1905). Pneumatic tire. J. Stevens, Loiulon. 6,485 (1905). Pneumatic tire. [A band adapted to be wound round the rim comprises an outer layer of balata glued I an inner strip of leather.] J. L. Thiessen, St. Gilles, mar Brussels. 6,492 (1905). Horseshoe. P. B. Cow-, F. J. Jelly, and J J. Gazzard, all of London. 6.574 (1905)- Reservoir pen. C. P. Schultz, Brixton, Surrey. 6,612 (1905). Pneumatic tire. [Puncture is prevented by lining the inner surface of the outer cover with an undistended laver of coils of rubber tubing.] W. H. Lambert, .Silsilen, near Keighley, Yorkshire. 6,641 (1905). Machine for producing pneumatic tire covers. A. E. Vincent, Noisy le Sec, Seine, France 6,641a (1905). .\pparatus for setting beaded edges of pueuniatic tires Same. *6,669 (1905). Bath mat. J. H. Pugh New York city. 6,678(1905). Pneumatic tire. [Relates to a ribbed rubber treail, the object being to prevent side slip and puncture.] H J. Drew, Charfield, Gloucestershire. 18 THE INDIA RUBBER WORLD [October i, iyo6. 6,754 ( 1905). Puncture-preventing device [consisting of an arch- shaped steel band]. A Saliarini, London. 6,764 {1905). Heel protector. I. C. Schofield, Halifax, York- shire. 6.810 (1905). Heel protector. J. Wilkinson and A. Wilkinson, both of Manchester. [.AnsTRACnco in thk Ii.lustraikd Oi-'ficial Journal, Am.rsi i, 1906.I 7,021(1905). Means for attaching pneumatic tires to rims. J. H. K. McCollum, Toronto, Ontario. 7,084 (1905). Vaginal syringe. S. Watkins, Wolverhampton. (Vidaver Mfg. Co., New York city.) •7,129(1905). Means for separating India-rubber and like gums from woody and other matter by settling. W. A. Lawrence, New York. 7,221 (I905). Pneumatic tire. E. Collner, C. Paulitschky, and R. Paulitschky, Vienna 7 243(1905). Pneumatic wheel. [The wooden felloe is strength- ened by metal .side cheeks and is recessed to receive the pneu- matic tube which supports an outer channeled metal rim, formed in semicircular halves secured together by plates and .screws ] H. Peers, Staffordshire. 7 336 (1905)- Heel protector. J. J. Whitehead, Preston, Lanca- shire. 7,393 (igoS)- Elastic tire. [.\ number of blocks of rubber are .secured edgeways close together in rows, in staggered relation, upon the wheel ] H. Swales, London. [ABSTRACrH[> IN THK ILLUSTRATED OFFICIAL JoLTRNAL, AUGUST 9. I906.] * 7 485 (1905). Life belt. [An inflatable rubber tube, contained within a casing, is fitted to the belt by loops and is provided at the ends with means of inflating from the mouthpiece and from a pump.] S. bViednian and .\. Hollander, Paterson, N.J. 7,547(1905). Elastic tire. J. Todd and W. E. Gibson, Twick- enham. 7.553 (1905). Means for attaching elastic tires to wheel rims. A T. Collier, St .-\lbans, and Reilloc Tyre Co., London. 7,694(1905). Means of treating India rubber juice. L- P. T. Morisse, Paris. 7,705 (1905). Processes for preparing India-rubber ready for man- ufacture into articles. L. P. T. Jlorisse, Paris. 7,712 11905V Dress preservers. W. F. Lucas and W. D. Grinley (trading as W. F. Lucas & Co.) London. 7,728(1905) Elastic tire. W. E. Hartridge, London. 7 735 (i905)> Elastic tire. W. B. Hartridge, London. 7,825 (i905>. Pneumatjc tire. D. Purves, Southport, Lancashire. [Abstracted in thb Illustrated Official Journal, Aui;nsT 22, 1906.] 8,498 ( 1905). Invention designed to facilitate the application and removal of pneumatic tires. G. Jonas, Hyde Park, London. 8,514(1905). Leather treated with rubber for tire covers. R. Withey, South Bermondsey. 8,536(1905). Golf ball cleaner. [Rubber cup-shaped receptacle provided with a sponge.] J. D. Patchett, Bristol. 8,585 ( 1905). Means for securing revoluble heel pads to boots. A. Haste and T. Watson, Bradford. 8,654(1905). Solid rubber tire. St. Helens Cable Co. and F. Kenyon, Warrington. 8,695(1905). Golf flagpost. Formed of two metal parts connected by a rubber spring. F. C. Lauder. Wadebridge, Cornwall. 8,750(1905). Vacuum cleaning apparatus. F. V. Schiodt, H Hein and H. K. Moller. all of Copenhagen. 8,834(1905). Eraser. W. H. Weguelin, Cricklewood, Middlesex. 6,865(1905). Horseshoe. A. Pawlowski and W. H. Dwerryhouse, Liverpool *8, 892 ( 1905). Pneumatic cushioning mechanism. [Relates to pneumatic cushions for reciprocating beds of printing ma- chines ; cylinders divideil by a diaphragm, furnished" with apertures covered by rubber flap valves.] A, J. Boult, London (C. .'V. McCain, Chicago, Illinois.) 8,986(1905). Football bladder. [Formed of a layer of rubber which is attached to a layer of fabric, to prevent the ball from wearing out easily and also over inflation.] L. HofT, London. f.\BSTRACTED IN THE ILLUSTRATED OFFICIAL JOURNAL, AuCUST 15, 1906.] 7.912 (1905). Flower holder. [Consisting of a rubber sheet held l>etween two peforated metal blanks, the rubber being .slit in the space unprotected by the metal blanks] W. H. Wilks, Birmingham 7.966 (1905). Sole and heel protector. A. TuUett, Birmingham. ,086(1905). Heel protector. J. Wilkinson and A. Wilkinson Manchester. ,131(19051. Fvlastic tire. C. Challiner. Manchester. 136(1905). Inflating pump for pneumatic tires. A. Davidson, E. W. Hatfield and H. P. Green, Sheffield. 264(1905. Pneumatic tire, [b'or increasing the resiliency and decreasing liability to puncture, the inside of the tread is fitted with a rubber portion, a metal band covered with fabric, and a fabric liner vulcanized in position ] W. C, Baker, Woking- ham, Berkshire. 2S9 (1905 . Elastic tire and means of attachment to rim. J W. Cann, Folkestone, Kent. 319(1905). Hose pipe. F. Reddaway & Co. and T. T. Powell, Pendleton. Manchester. 8 (1905). Utilizing waste India-rubber [Consists in recover- ing waste vulcanized rubber by means of aniline and naphtha ] H. R. Gregory, London, and T. M. Thorn, Hertfordshire. THE FRENCH REPUBLIC. P.^^TENTs Issued (With Dates of Application. 360.324 (Feb. 20). milk. 360.325 (Feb. 20) rubber, etc., 361,169 (Dec. 29, 36., 234 (Dec. 30) 362,192 (Jan. 5, Linoleum. 362,154 (Jan 3). 362,227 (Jan. 8) 362,232 (Jan. 8). 362,295 (Jan 9). 362,317 (Jan. 10). 362,365 (Jan. 12). absorber. 362,391 (Jan. 13). 362,869 (Jan. 31). 362,887 (Jan. 31). 362,925 (Feb. I). 362,973 (Feb. 3). 362,963 (Feb. 6). L. Morisse. Preparing rubber, etc., from the L. Morisse. Process for making articles of directly from the milk. 1905). E. P'rancon. Elastic tire, . Roger Labbe et Montais. Skid tread. 1906). Firine Linoleum werke Delmenherst. S. Baland fils aine. Spring wheel J. A. Schweitzer. Ventilator for inner lubes. Van Minnegesode. Skid tread. G. L. Willaine. Elastic tire. E Levi. Spring wheel. Falconnet-Perodeaud. Elastic buffer or shock J. Rusp. Spring wheel F. Weith. Vulcanizing mold for tires. Pfleurmer. Anti-puncture compound. Gayner. Process for mending cut tires. A. Sauvage. Puncture and skid proof tire. E. Bry. Applying beads to tire covers. [NoTB. — Printed copies of specifications of French patents may be obtained from R. Bobet, liigenieur-Counseil, 16 avenue de Villiers, Fans, at 50 cents eacli, postpaid.] FILLING TIRES WITH SAND. a T FIND," said a man who has not yet come to own a -^ buzz wagon, says a New York newspaper, "that au- tomobile tires are sometimes filled with other things than air. Down on the Jersey coast the other daj' I saw a man filling a tire with sand. "This tire had apparently — for the men in the auto ap- peared to be cool and competent men who knew what they were about — become broken in such a manner that it could not be repaired to stand inflation on the spot, but they wanted .something in it and so they filled it with sand. At the place where they were when the tire collapsed the road ran close to the ocean front, and they took the tire off" the wheel and one of the men climbed with it down the bulk- head to the beach and there he set to woik. " When he had worked in a lot of sand he would hold the tire up and shake the sand down in it and then he would put in some more, and so on till he had the tire filled. " This was something new to me, but a friend tells me he has seen it done before and that sand in the tire is better than nothing, that it will cushion the tire in some measure at least and keep the machine from pounding down on that wheel with its sheer dead weight." October i, 1906.] THE INDIA RUBBER WORLD 19 I.EGITIMATR COLORADO RUBBER. w HA riv\'l'!K may l>o said of Hit- Colorado rulihcr these Rocky Mountain states, enormous areas of land lying plant, or tlic prodiKtion of rnhber from it in gen- waste and destined to remain waste until some crop can be eral, it ap))ears to be certain that one company found that requires little cultivation, withstands all temper- is not only a I'lrm believer in the possibility of ature, and requires practically no water. extracting rubber profitably from the Picmdcnia Jloribmida iitilis but is willing to spend its own money for the object and not ask the public to foot the bills. This is the P. F. U. Rubber Co., of Durango, Colorado. To begin with, the com panv have already extracted some rubber and the writer of this article has had small samples and it is only fair to saN that it looks well. Indeed, to hark back to earlier articles in Till-: Indi.\ RuiiHUR Woui.n. it will be remembered that one complaint that we made concerning other companies was, that while they were offering stock for sale, we, at least, could get no samples of the rubber that they claimed to be CAMT PINGUAV — RUB8ES SHRUB ARRIVING. producing. A description of the Durango company's plant and of their wish to cultivate the plant on otherwise waste lauds rather than to make use of sparselj- covered wild areas of it is exceedingly interesting. K.xtracts from a letter from Mr. E. C. Dunbar, the m-inager of the company, are there- fore appended. " If you would come outhereyou would find the ' pinguay ' or Colorado rubber plant, a sample of which you have in your oflice, growing wild soiueivhat sparsely, on large areas in this and adjacent states. Vou would see as we do that any atteuipt to build up a large industry from the gathering of the wild ])lant would be an impossibilitj' ; j'ou would see, however, that in certain places the plant has rapidly increased in the last few years, and you would note that by far the most important work we have in hand is to determine the conditions under which the plant may be increa.sed and fertile seed produced. You would see for days as you ride through Vou would note that the ' pinguay ' weed is exactly such a i)lant and, if a fertile reli.ible seed can be obtained, that FACTORY OF THE P. F. U. RUBBER CO. the area upon which the plant could be grown would be enor- mous. I do not think I would be exaggerating at all if I were to say that the waste land of the Rocky Mountain states could readily be made to produce sufficient gum to supply the entire American market, if this seed problem was solved. As j'ou know, the last Congress gave us the use of some 5400 acres of this arid land, upon which to experiment. This experimental farm is on the Fort Lewis mesa, 15 to 20 .^4r* ! ' W '-^.m^ •^ CAMP PINQUAY-MANAQER'S TENT. 20 THE INDIA RUBBER WORLD [October i, 1906. miles south west of Durango, and is admirably adapted for the purpose envolved. We have established Cam]) Pinguay, from which I am writing, as farm lieadquarters. and have as farm superintendent, Mr. W. M. Peterson, for manj' years a superintendent in the Indian service. We have employed the Navajo Indians in the gathering of the roots; we have experimented with Mexicans and intend to try Japanese. You will appreciate that at pre.sent the cost of the labor in gathering the roots is by far the largest item in the ultimate cost of the rubber gum, and that when this becomes a farm- ers' product, the labor will be as inconsiderable as the labor connected with harvesting alfalfa. "The process is extremely simple and is in charge of Mr. Henry Konker as superintendent. The process follows closely along the lines of linseed oil extraction, with which work Mr. Konker has been identified since its inception. While further experiments will undoubtedls- lead to the pro- duction of a better gum, the gum we are now able to produce has a verj- high amount of vulcanizing power and a small ad MORE RUBBER COMING FROM BOLIVIA. CAMP PINGUAY-BAILINQ WEED. mixture of it renders the rubber made from reclaimed rubber unusually tough and elastic. It has a very much higher vulcanizing power and is a very much better gum in everj- waj-, than any Guaj'ule gum that the writer has seen. " To sum up, this compan}- aims to produce a seed of the pinguay weed, which farmers can use ; its aims to evolve a satisfactory process for cheaply extracting the gum ; it hopes by selection and hybridization to improve the qnalitj- of the pinguay gum and increase the yield per plant : it also hopes to extend the area within which the pinguay grows, so that instead of it being grown in no lower altitude than 6000 elevation, as is the case in its wild state, that it may be made to grow at a much lower altitude. It hopes ultimately to make the United States independent of all foreign coun- tries for its supply of crude rubber gum. " I'ovllitis 1S96 2, ,509,566 1897 3.6S3.275 189S 6,943, 100 ^ I "*HH output of rubber from Bolivia is again showing an -^ increase. Below are given figures for nine years, de- rived from ofiicial sources. For a few years, after the pro- duction in the Acre district became important, the figures fluctuated, the political troubles there sometimes checking the e.xport of rubber. For the last two years covered bj' the table the Acre production has not been included, as that district now belongs to Brazil. As will be seen, the 1904 output exceeded that of the previous year by more than 500 tons ; rotinds. Pound*. 1899 4,708,000 igo2 4,186,585 1900 7,691,728 1903 « 2,906,274 1901 7,623, 138 1904 <7 3,453, 1S2 [(7- Iv.\(lu pounds per cstrada. Assuming 150 trees per cstrada, the average per tree would be a trifle less than 4 u ponnds, but it is un- derstood that very many estradas have less than the legal number of trees. UNION MADE POLICE RUBBER GOODS. nr^HE following extract from the New York ofiicial Ctly -^ Record relates to a pretty good sized order. It maj- be of interest, also, on account of the reference to union 1 abor : Ordered, That the proposal of Hknrv V. Allien & Co. of No. 734 Broadway. Borou.ijh of Manhattan, to furnish caps with detach- able cloth cap- and rubber cap covers with cape for the use of roundsmen patrolmen and doormen of the Police Department, for the sum and ])rice as follows, be and is hereby accepted : Caps with detachable cloth cape, each {2.65 Ruliber cap covers with cape, each 75 Such caps and rubber cap covers to be made conformable with the sealed sample on deposit in the bureau of clothing and equipment, and to lie strictly union made throughout, each and every cap to contain the union label. Thk Balgownie Rubber Estates, Limited, own the Bal- gownie rubber and coffee estate in Selangor, Malay vStates. Between October and March 3200 Heiva trees, the oldest not over 5 'i years, were tapped lightl}' and yielded 1740 pounds of dry rubber. During the current business year it is hoped to obtain about 6i,so pounds from 7150 trees, some of which will be 6!',' years old b}- next March. Thr United States consul general at Rio de Janeiro, Bra- zil, reports an increasing import of rubber from that port. The variety is " Mangabeira. " the total imports of which, from the whole of Brazil, were smaller in 1905 than in the year previous. October i, 1906.] THE INDIA RUBBER WORLD 21 LITERATURE OF INDIA-RUBBER HEVEA BRASILIKNSIS. OR PARA RUBBER ITS BOTANY. CULTIVA- tion, Chemistry, and Diseases. By llciberl WriKlil. A R.c.s., ii.s . Control- ler. Govfrtinn,-nt ICxperiment Station. Peradeniy&. Ceylon. Second E!:itcs and tli.Tfifanis. Colombo: .V. M.andJ FerRUSon. 1906. [Cloih. Svo. P|>. XIII ) 179-hplales. Price, at Colombo, 7 shillings,] Till-; rubber planting interest cannot fail to be benefited bj- the work which Mr. Wright, with coniniendahle pain.staking, lias done in bringing out this book, lie has not assumed to offer a complete compendium of knowledge regarding the rubber species to which his work relates, nor yet an infallible planters' manual. Hut he has brought together very many facts, a study of which permits general- izations of value to be made, though as a rule the author leaves the generalizing to be done by the reader. As an illustration, instead of going on record as to the normal average j'ield of a Hevea tree under given conditions, the author presents detailed results obtained on a number of plantations in Ceylon, from trees of different ages, under various methods of tapping. The figures given appear well authenticated, and the inference appears not unreasonable that if certain yields are derived from one plantation, some- thing similar may be exjjccted from other trees, siir.ilarly circumstanced. Mr. Wright, as a member of the government scientific ser- vice in Ceylon, has availed himself of an opportunity for an e.Ktensive personal observation of rubber trees under cultiva- tion in that part of the world. Bej'ond this he has depended upon the work of other investigators. But his book gives evidence of an industrious consultation of authorities, who.se statements are referred to so definitely that the reader, if he wishes, may easily consult the original sources of information. Beginning with a history of the introduction of Parii rubber in the Far Kast, this book sketches the development of its cidtivation until it has reached very large proportions. The climatic conditions favorable for I Icvta are discussed ; questions of soil and fertilizing; methods of planting and the care to be given to the 3-oung trees ; tapping operations and implements ; how and when to tap, and on what part of the tree, and inanj- related questions. There is a chapter on the phj'sical and chemical properties of latex, followed by one on the production of rubber from latex. The drj-ing of rubber is discussed, and its physical and chemical proper- ties, the purification of rubber, etc. The vulcanization and uses of rubber are discussed, to enable the reader better to appreciate what follows in relation to plantation rubber as compared with " wild " rubber, analj'ses of different rub- bers, and such like topics. The diseases of the Para rubber tree take u]) a chapter, and the book ends with estimates of a number of Ceylon planters on the cost of growing rubber. These appear to have been prepared with much care, but the author does not commit himself and nowhere in the volume is the question of profits dealt with. Mr. F. J. Ilolloway 's estimate for a rubber plan- tation of 300 acres, to the end of the sixth year, is $23,350, or $77.83 (gold) per acre, exclusive of cost of the land, about $16.67 per acre. Mr. Wright's Ijook has been considerably enlarged and broadened in this second edition, and the excellent halftone illustrations have been doubled in number. We may per- haps best conclude this notice b^' quoting from the author's preface : " The whole industrj-, especially as far as the pro- ducers are concerned, is in its infancj-, and though our knowledge regarding the function of the latex, the effect of removing cortical tissues and latex from the plant, the methods of extracting latex, yields obtainable, and the pro- duction of rubber from late.x. is considerable, one must be prepared to give up present day ideas and commence work on new lines, whenever the latter has been shown to be worthy of adoption. " The book before us would be of value, if it did no more than suggest to planters what is involved in the rubber cultural proposition. IN CDKKKNT PEKIODICALS. Dkr iieue Kaulshuk batiin Euphorbia elastica. By Dr. Rudolf Kudlich. [Description of Uie Mexican " Yellow tree " as a rubber producer. See The India Ruiibkr World, February i, 1906 — page 148.] = /?^;- Tiopcnpflaiizcr, Berlin. X 8 (Aug. '06). Pp. 525-53 "• Wie V'erveilfiiltigt man den Karetbauni {Ficus elaslica). By Prof. .'V. H Berkhout. [Multiplication of the Fkiis elaslica in the Dutch Hast Indies by means of niarcottage.] Der Tiopenpflanzer. Berlin. X-S (Aug '06). Pp. 505-516. I,es Ivssais de Culture de Caoutchouc daiisleBas Congo Frain'ais. By lierthelol du Clie.snay. [Relates io Maniliot, Caslilloa, Kickxia and llevca, showing the superioritj- of the \&\.\.&x.\— Journal d' Agrictitliirc Tfopiaile, Vnr'ts. VI-61 (July 31, '06), Pp. 195-199. NEW TRADE PUBLICATION.S UNDER the title " Some Comments on Air Brake Hose," BosTo.v BiCLTiNC, Co. issue a brochure of much inter- est in relation to a report on tests of air brake hose pre- sented at the June convention of the Master Car Builders' Association, pointing out wherein such tests might have been of more value if conducted on a different basis, [i'4" X 6". 12 pages.] Till-: I.MPiCRiAi, Krnni;K Co. (Beach City, Ohio) issue a well got up and interesting catalogue of Druggists' Sund- ries, together with bath caps, sponge bags, and the like. It is their Catalogue No. 5. i5'4"X7H"- 32 pages.] ALSO RECEIVED. The Bissell Carpet Sweeper Co., Grand Rapids, Michigan. := [Bissell's " Cyco " Bearing Carpet Sweeper.] 16 pages. Ardrey Vehicle Washer Co., Rochester, New York. = Ardrey Vehicle Washer. 10 pages. A. G Spalding & Brothers, New York. = Spalding Catalogue of Spring and Summer Sports. 1906. 130 pages. Hopewell Brothers, Boston. — .\utomobile Fabric Supplies. 16 pages. The Xylotite Manufacttirin^ Co., Cincinnati, Ohio=Xylotite Pulleys. 56 pages. Dr. H. P. Coile, Knoxville, Tennessee. =TheCoile Bath Tub De- scribed and Illustrated. 16 pages. The Stamford Rubber Supply Co., Stamford, Connecticut. - Stamford Substitutes S pages. The Rubber Chemical Co., Limited, Bermingham, England. = Concerning NaiUusi [a vulcanizing agent and preservative]. 8 pages. Joseph Di.KOn Crucible Co., Jersey City New Jersey = Unions for Steam P;pes. [With points on the use of graphite.] By W. H. Wakenian. ig pages. A Concise History of Lead Pencil Making. S pages. The Hotz Clincher Tire and Rubber Co., Akron, Ohio^" The Rlotz Club." [Descriptive of Motz tires; issued from New York selling agency. | 16 pages. The Mcllroy Belting and Hose Co., Chicago. = Facts About Rub- ber-Ite Belting. i6 pages. 22 THE INDIA RUBL.£:R WORLD [October i, 1906. OBITUARY. PV M 1 ■' £ "'^^1 1 J||^|H 1 1^ ^ J GICORGE HENRY FORvSVTII, for many years a director and assistant manager of the Boston Belting Co., died on September 6 at his Iiome in Brookline, a suburb of Boston, after an illness of over two and a half years. The end, how- ever, came very suddenly. Mr. Forsyth was born November 27, 1854, in Brookline. being the son of William and Jane (Bennett) For- syth. The father, born in Ayrshire, Scotland, was a son of John l-'or- syth, a captain in the BritisliArniN', and amemtier of a family whose his- tory has been pre- served for many centuries. F o r the (juarter of a century before his death (in i860) William Forsyth was connected with the Boston GEORGE H. FORSYTH. Belting Co., as were three of his sons after him, including James Bennett Forsyth, the present general manager. George H. Forsyth became connected with the rubber com- pany and continued active in affairs thereafter until forced by declining health to devote less attention to business. He traveled extensively in the interest of the company and was well known to many prominent business men throughout the United States, by whom he was highly esteemed. Personally, George Forsyth was wonderfully attractive. Of medium height, with a well knit figure, dark eyes, regu- lar features, and thick wavy irongray hair, he was always a striking figure, and withal a manly one. He was alert, cap- able, exceedingly businesslike, and up to the time that his last illness laid hold of him pos.sessed of a cheery manner and brilliant smile that acted as a tonic on all about him. The disappointment and sorrow of his brother, Mr. James Bennett Forsyth, who had made him assistant general manager and who had planned to eventually turn over much of the detail of the great business to him. in this disaster to his fond hopes, may be imagined. The strong hold that the late Mr. Forsyth had upon the trade was abundantly shown by the many telegrams and letters of condolence sent to his mourn- ing relatives and by the magnificent floral offerings that came as last tributes of respect and affection. At a special meeting of the executive committee of the New England Rubber Club, in Boston, on vSeptember 7, the following resolutions were passed in relation to the death of Mr. Forsyth, and a committee was appointed to attend the funeral services, as a mark of respect to its late member : ir/iex'as, God in His infinite wisdom has taken from us our friend and fellow member, George Henry Forsyth, we, represent- ing tlie New England Rubber Club, hereby adopt the following resolutions : Resolved, That in the death of Mr. Forsyth, our Association has lost one of its most highly esteemed and beloved members. Resolved, That the rubber industry has been deprived of one of its most respected and valuable members — kind and affable to all, honorable in his dealings, and always a friend to those in trouble. Associated for many years with a large and successful enterprise, widely known and higlily e.steemed, his taking away has left a deep regret, his memory will live with us always. Resolved, That we extend to his family onr appreciation of his hish character and our great .sympathy in their loss. .■\LliXANDl£R M. PAUL, President. ARTHUR W. STKDMAN, Vice-President. FREDERICK H JONES. Treasurer. HENRY C. PEARSON, Secretary. ROBERT L. RICE. Assistant Secretary. Funeral services were held on Sunday, September 9, at St Paul's church, Brookline. Boston, September ii, 1906, New EngIanlicaii ; in a banking house in Paris ; and later in America held many positions of trust, such as that of secretary of the Equitable Gas Co., in New York. He joined the board of Rubber Goods Manu- facturing Co. with the advent of the so called " Keene inter- est," in 1903, and as such became a director in a number of the subsidiary companies. A DEADLY GOLF BALL. TREASURER F. C. HOOD, of the Hood Rubber Co. , was witness of a strange event last week, the decapitation of a flying bird, by a golf ball. He was playing a match with R. A. IvCeson, and that gentleman had just finished his swing of the club at the fourth tee, and both were watching the course of the somewhat highly driven ball, about thirty yards from the tee, when thej- were surprised to see the ball strike a bird in full flight. The head was decapitated from the body of the bird just as cleanly as though a knife were used. The ball continued for more than 100 jards. Though a golf ball has been the cause of some remarkable happen- ings, members of the club were surprised when told of the affair, for they had no idea that there was such a carrying power to a golf ball. — Boot and Shoe Recorder. October i, 1906.] THE INDIA RUBBER WORLD 23 RUBBER DECORTICATING MACHINE. SOME macliines uscortant. — The Editor. | NEW WARMING AND MIXING MILL. THE illustrations show two views of what is designed to be an improvement over smooth roll warmers and mixers, grooved Described very briefly, not like "cracker" rolls, the rolls are heavilj' but more like the steel rolls used in iron work. That is, the ridges and grooves run around the circumference of the roll at right angles to its length and are ar- ranged to mesh. As in an ordinarj' mi.xer one roll runs faster than the other, and the contention of the in- ventor is that by having greater mixing surface in small compass he not only increases the friction but is able to mix very much more stock. A rather curious point that he brings out is that, on account of the difference of speed of the rolls at the periplierj' and at the base of the groove- angles, the rubber is worked at a different speed in the grooves than it is on the ridges. In other words, the kneading is much more effective and cjuickly done. If this is the case one would imag- ine that the rolls might be difficult to cool unless the water chamber were exceed- ingly large. Whether or not the invention is practical it is impossible to .say without test. It is, however, interesting to see any attempt at variation upon the old time mixing mill. This machine is patented by C. F. Obermaier, Yonk- ers. New York. 24 THE IlSkDIA RUBBER V/ORLD [October i, 1906. UNITED STATES RUBBER CO. IN EUROPE. 'T^HE organization is announced, in London, of a coni- ^ pan3', styled William .Symington & Co., Limited, with _^.'50o,ooo capital paid in, the shares of which are all held by the United States Rubber Co. The managing director is William Symington, who has long been engaged in the crude rubber trade in London and Liverpool. The other director.^ are his brother, Harry Symington, William H. Blackwell, and three ofTicers of the United States Rublier Co. : Samuel V. Colt, president ; Lester Leland, .second vice president; and John J, Watson, Jr., treasurer. The new company's permanent ofticcs will beat 22, Fenchurch street, London, and 20, Castle street, Liverpool. The new company will handle the European business of the General Rubber Co., controlling the purcha.se of crude rubber for the United vStates Rubber Co. and the afliliated manufacturing concerns. In addition to the oflices above mentioned, William Symington & Co. will have charge of the crude rubber buying agencies established by the General Rubber Co. last year at Hamburg, Antwerp, Havre, ami Bordeaux. The new company will handle all the African rubbers recjiiired by the United States Rubber Co., and, it is understood, will finance the purcha.ses of Para rubber for the United States company, which, tnough imported direct at New York, have alwaj^s been paid for through London. The Symington company will ahso engage in supplying crude rubber to the British and Continental trade. The new corporation dates from September 1, 1906. For some time past the Jvuropean selling depot of the United States companj' has been conducted under the style United States Rubber Co., Limited, at 47, F'arrington street, London. This has control of the sale abroad of the parent company's rubber footwear products. During the past sum- mer an additional selling branch has been organized — the Anglo-.'\merican Rubber Co., on Holborne viaduct, Loudon, for the mechanical and miscellaneous products of the United States company, and particular!}- of its important branch, the Rubber Goods Manufacturing Co. The Messrs. Symington named above have been members for some years of Alden, Symington cS: Co., of London and Liverpool, which firm has been succeeded lately by A. H. Alden & Co., Limited, as reported on another page. VOl.TAX, AN INSULATING COMPOUND. IT is apparent that an important demand has been devel- oped for the insulating compound now marketed as "Volta.x." .Vltliongh the name is new, it is understood that the material has been the subject of experimentation for several years, and it probabl}' has been sold at some time under a different name. The preparation is novv controlled by the Klectric Cable Co. (New York), organized in the early part of this j'ear. Some of the most important railway companies are buyers of the product, including the New York Central and Hudson River, the latter in connection with the electrification of the approaches on their lines to New York city. Street railway lines are also finding use for Voltax, and it is being adopted for house wiring and like purposes ; it is also used as a waterproof paint. The formula for the Voltax compound is not mentioned. Among the advantages claimed are that it retains its elas- ticity and insulating properties for a long time ; is imper- vious to weather conditions ; is not subject to chemical change ; is proof against water, acids, and alkalies ; is ex- ceedingly flexible ; can withstand a higher voltage test than any rubber insulation ; has withstood higher potential, in- sulation, resistance, and melting point tests than any other compound ; does not affect copper, and hence the tinning of the copper is unnecessary ; and it is cheaper than the ordi- nary rubber insulation. If these claims can he substan- tiated, the new compound would appear to have a wide field before it. The company above named, in addition to Volta.x, manu- facture wires insulated with the solid compound, or by means of ta])ing. BREAKEA.ST FOOD RUBBER. TI^OLLOWING the prediction of Professor Dunstan before ■*- the British .Association that synthetic ruljber will yet become a reality, not a little interest is attached to an in- vention lately patented by a British inventor who hopes to " revolutionize " the rubber industry in another direction. His idea is to make " artificial rubber " from grain. Where- upon the Montreal Standard, in view of the importance of gtain production in Canada, points out the new source of wealth in the Dominion which would result from the suc- cess of the British invention. The .S7a«(/rt;v/ sa3's : "Vis- ions of automobiles and bicycles with tires made of wheat, golf balls that once were kernels of maize, pavements of bar- ley-, and linoleum that might have been rye bread, give a touch of Alice in Wonderland to the invention that is decid- edly humorous. But nevertheless the invention is thought so well of that a syndicate of capitalists interested in tire manufacturing in the Old Country have offered the fortunate inventor _;/;25o,ooo for his patent rights." The proposed new substitute for rubber is obtained by treating any cereal with phyalin to turn the starchy matter into dextrose, another chemical being used to check fermen- tation at any desired stage. Thus artificial rubber may be made in various grades suitable for tires, golf balls, lin- oleum, liquid waterproofing solution, and so on. The Standard hears that the inventor will shortlj' visit Canada for the purpose of arranging for supplies of grain in large quantities for the new demand. ".Although the inventor believes that he may be the means of increasing the price of food in England, he has been thoughtful enough to provide against any danger of famine, for he states that the new rubber can be made into a reserve food supply. In the event of any shortage in edibles the substance can be boiled and reconverted into food. A satirical person might suggest that not only has the in- ventor found a substitute for rubber, but also a means wherebj- England's bugbear of famine, in the time of war, mav be set at rest. " W. H. Ellis, of New York, who not long ago went to Ab3\ssinia to promote a commercial treaty between that country and the United States, and was created Duke of Hawash by King Menelik, has been visiting Mexico with a view, it is reported, to exploiting another guayule rubber proposition. Ellis claims concessions in Abyssinia for lands on which there is rubber. October i, 1906.] THE INDIA RUBBER WORLD '^5 NEWS OF THE AMERICAN RUBBER TRADE. MERGER l)K TWO RUBBER COMPANIES. THI-: Aja.x Standard Rubber Co. (New York) and the Orieb Rubber Co. (Trenton, N. J.) have been consoli- dated, the amalgamation taking eflect from vSepteni- bur 10, 1906. Tlie newly formed concern is known as the Ajax-Grieb Rubber Co., and eventually will have its entire manufacturing plant at Trenton while the e.xecutive oflices and wareroonis will be located on upper Hroadway, New York, in a building now in course of erection. I''or .some time, however, .\ja.x tires will continue to be manu- factured at the New York plant, in East One Hundred and .Sixth street. Important additions are to be made to the Cirieb factory in Trenton, and tlie new conqjan}- will con- tinue the manufacture of t'le lines other than tires marketed hitherto so successfully by the Grieb company. The (irieb company succeeded the old Mundell Rubber Co. (Trenton) and were incorporated in June, 1899, since which time their business has experienced a steady growth. The Ajax Stan- dard Rubber Co. was incorporated in November, 1905, to manufacture tires, the capital being supplied by members of the .American Jlotor Car Manufacturers' .Association. It is proposed now, with the enlargement of the company's facili- ties, to solicit business from the general tire buying public as well as supplying the members of the association. Horace DeLisser, who has been president of the Ajax company, is the head of the new organization. William G. Grieb is vice president ; Harry Grieb, treasurer ; and C. II. Oakley, secre- tary and factor3- manager. The last three named have been the principal officers of the Grieb company. Albert S. LeVine, formerly western sales manager of the Ma.xw-ell- Briscoe Motor Co., has become connected with the new con- cern in the sales department and will travel extensively for them. ri;bber heei. patent suit decided. The suit of Frank \V. Whitchei & Co. (Boston) agaiusi the Consumers Rubber Co. (Bristol, R. I.), in the United .States circuit court in Rhode Island, alleging infringement of the design patent No. 28,912, issued June 21, 1S9S, to Heber C. Peters, resulted in a decision in favor of the plain- tiff and a perpetual injunction against the defendants mak- ing and selling rubber shoe heels in imitation of the design covered by that patent. The Consumers company marketed heels lettered "Shamrock", whereas the plaintiff's heels were labeled " Velvet ", but it was held that the two designs had the same general appearance and that it was not neces- sary that the patented thing should be copied in everj- par- ticular to constitute infringement. CANADIAN NATIONAL EXHIBITION -At the resent twenty-eighth annual Canadian National Exhibition at Toronto, auspiciously opened by Sir William Mulock, chief justice of the exchequer division of the higli court of justice, there was much to interest the shoe trade. There is room here, however, to mention only the e.xhibits of the rubber trade. In the center aisle of the Manufacturers' building was to be found the exhibit of the Canadian Rub- ber Co. of Montreal, Limited, one of the largest and most effectively arranged in the whole structure. Here were to be seen rubber in the crude state as it was imported and in all the stages of the progress of manufacture, including finished articles of all classes manufactured by this important com- pany. But the chief attraction, of course, to the shoe trade, was the splendid display made of rubber footwear. The Can- adian com])any had also another large exhibit devoted to automobile and carriage tires, covers, etc., in the Transpor- tation building. Another rubber exhibit of special interest to the shoe trade was tliatof tlie Berlin Rul)berCo., Limited, also situated in the Manufacturers' I)uilding. Here was an attractive arrangement of the footwear products of the com- pany named in connection with masses of rubber crude and in the difierent stages of manufacture. The DunlopTire and Rubl)erCo., Limited, manufacturers of general rubber goods, made an extensive display of their products of mechanical goods and tires, and also an extensive exhibit of revolving rubber heel. NEW FACTORY OF THE DURHAM RUBBER CO. Tiiic new factory of the Durham Rubber Co., Limited (Bowmanville, Ontario) [see TiiK Iniiia Rubber Wokm) September i, 1905 — page 420] was recently opened with a public demonstration and bantiuet, attended bj- manufactur- ers from Toronto, Montreal, Hamilton, and other centers. Addresses were made by Mr. James Robinson, president, and Mr. John J. McGill, vice president, and by representatives of the company in various Canadian cities. .After the ban- quet a procession of employes was held, the directors of the company, and the town council following in carriages. * * * The buildings in Bowmanville formerly occupied bj' the Durham Rubber Co. for manufacturing purposes, before removing to tlieir new building, were almost totally de- stroyed by fire on .September 5, with their contents. The buildings were occupied for storing raw materials and by a lot of machinery, besides which the factorj' compounding room had not been removed to the new plant. It was in the latter room that the fire had its origin. The loss has been estimated at about $35,000, mostly covered by insurance. HOT WATER BOTTLE BURST. I.x Pittsburgh James A. Miller and wife, Agnes, have en- tered suit against the Shipley-Massingham Co., for $6000 damages, claimed to have been sustained b\' Mrs. Miller through the bursting of a hot water bottle. The Millers say thej- bought the hot water bottle from H. Dodson, a drug- gist of No. 321 Larimer avenue. It was guaranteed to give perfect satisfaction. But when Mrs. Miller filled the vessel and put it on her stomach to relieve pain it burst, and the water scalded her .so badly she had to expend $500 for medi- cal attention, as well as undergo much suffering. She claims the material of which the bottle was made was de- fective. THE AUTOMOBILE SHOWS. .\s mentioned already in The Ini>i.\ Rubber World, the New York automobile show under the auspices of the Auto- mobile Club of America and the .\merican Motor Car Manu- facturers' .Association, is to be held during the first week in December, at the Grand Central Palace. There are to be, as 26 THE INDIA RUBBER WORLD [October i, 1906. usual, two New York shows. That under the auspices of the Association of Licensed Automobile Manufacturers will be held, as last year, at Madison Square Garden. The dates are January 12-19. AN EKHCIF.NT SELI ING .STAl F. Till, illustration at the foot of this page is based upon an excellent photograph of the officials and selling force of the Consolidated Rubber Tire Co. (New York). The names of the gentlemen facing the photographer are as follows, read- ing from left to right : Front line — Frank A. Kissell, Fred- erick A. Seaman (secretary of the company). Van H. Cart- well (president of the company), Robert F. Houston, Harry K. Doty. Rear line — George D. Kdwards, Hdmund S. Rob- erts, Stanley F. Hall, Frank IC. Holcomb, Howard ,S. Co.x, John Glenn, Paul D. Beach, F. A. Oatman. TRADE NEWS NOTES Till-; B. &R. Rubber Co. (North Rrookfield. Ma.s.sachn.setts) opened their olTice on September 5. On that date the first in- stalment on the stock subscriptions was collected, and work is being pushed on the factory buildings. Messrs. Charles Beebe and Thomas G. Richards, the heads of the business, have bought residences at North Brookfield. = Mrs. Frances A. \V. Mcintosh, formerly advertising manager of the Standard Tool Co. (Cleveland, Ohio), and more recently connected with the advertising department of Pozcer, New York, has taken charge of the publication de- ])artnicnt of the Norton Co., makers of Alnndum grinding wheels, Worcester, IMassachusetts. =The cable from the I'nited States to Alaska earned $24,000 in July, besides which the official despatches sent would have cost $12,000 at commercial rates. The increas- ing demands upon the cable will be met bj- the government I)}' duplexing the cable. The cable ship Riirtiside, on going north for this purpose, carried 200 miles of new cable, made at New York, for the extension of the line. = Ohio Rubber Co. (Cleveland) have filed a certificate of increase of capital stock from $175,000 to $225,000. =The annual meeting of managers and salesmen of the Fisk Rubber Co. (Chicopee Falls, Massachu.setts) this year lasted a week and ended with a day's outing, on land and sea, which embraced a fine clambake in a grove near Spring- field. Representatives of the company from all jiarts of the country made favorable reports in regard to the company's tire business, = Michclin Products Selling Co., Inc. (New York) say in their trade announcements : " Sixty per cent, of all the tires sent to our repair works have suflered more or less from under inflation. Of these, a good proportion are completely ruined." = Schedules in assignment of the Thermalite Co. [see The Indl-k Rubber World, September i, 1906 — page 405] show liabilities of $16,650, nominal assets of $10,700, and actual assets of $1014. = Oscar L. Fllison, No. 308 West Forty-seventh street. New York, was arrested on the complaint of Frank C. Howe, who alleged that he had invested $1300 in the former's busi- ness of selling puncture fluids for automobile tires, on account of false representations, and was afterward unable to get his money back. The police stated that several others had given money to Ivllison under similar circumstances. =F. & G. Pflomm have leased from the plans the build- ing to be erected at No. 1741 Broadway, New York, for a term of years, to the Pennsylvania Rubber Co. (Jeannette, Pa.), for their tire depot. n w OFFICERS AND SEULINQ FORCE OF THE CONSOLIDATED RUBBER TIRE CO. October i, 1906.] IHE INDIA RUBBER \VORLD 27 = There was a recent conference at Akron of the ofTicers and local sales managers of The H. F. Coodrich Co. and the branch managers and traveling salesmen of the company. The tire branch was discussed in detail and ])lans adojited for the coming year. (In the last day of the meeting the visitors were guests of the company at dinner, and the after- noon was devoted to golf and other sports. = Tlie Michigan Retail Shoe Dealers'Association in session at Detroit on September 6, resolved not to buy any more rub- ber footwear on the so called calendar or blanket rates. They say that in order to get goods at minimum i)rices they liave been obliged to order goods early, and when the weather is not favorable to the trade, as last winter, and they are left with heavy stocks on hand, they get no consideration from the manufacturers. The Michigan dealers now propose to make their purchases as may be necessary. = Kire at the asbestos factory of the H. W. Johns-Man ville Co., at the foot of Thirty-ninth street, Brooklyn, on the evening of August 30, caused damage estimated at $100,000. = A certificate of incorporation of the Commercial Cable Co. of Cuba has been filed in .\lbany. New York, with a capital of |;ioo,ooo to operate telegraphic communication be- tween New York and Havana by way of Florida and Key West. The principal office is in New York. The directors are: William W. Cooke, Samuel S. Dickinson, George Clapperton, Albert Heck, Clarence II. Mackay, Albert H. Chandler, and Dumont Clarke. =The Hadley Cement Co. (Lynn, Massachusetts) made an attractive display of their products at the recent National Shoe and Leather Fair, at Chicago. :=The L. Candee& Co. (New Haven. Connecticut), it is re- ported, are about to expend $46,000 in remodeling their fac tory buildings. Floors are to be lowered in some of the build- ings and considerable steel construction used. ^The Syracuse Rubber Co. (vSyracuse, N. Y.) have been incorporated under the laws of New York with $25,000 capi- tal. Incorporators : Frank C. Hewlett, of Syracuse ; E. R. Rice, Buffalo, N. Y.; C. W. Barnes, New York aity. = The Canadian Rubber Co. of Montreal, Limited, are re- ported to be planning important e.xteusions to tlieir plant, for which purpose they will utilize a tract of land purchased re- cently adjacent to their present buildings. ^Boston Woven Ho.se and Rubber Co. have declared a semi annual dividend of 4 per cent, on their common stock, payable September 15, instead of 2 percent, as heretofore. There is $750,000 of 6 per cent, preferred stock and $450,000 of common stock. = Stowe & Woodward, July 13, 1906, under Massachusetts laws ; capital, $10,000. To manufacture mechanical rubber goods and proof cloth for the trade, at Brockton, Mass. Griswold Stowe is president and Frederick R. Woodward treasurer. =John Royle & Sons (Paterson, New Jersej), who are so widely known to the rubber trade as makers of tubing and insulating uiachinery, are also manufacturers on an import- ant scale of machinery in other lines. They have issued a new catalogue of their ruling machines, in connection with wood engraving, and rubber manufacturers desiring to have illustrations made for catalogues and the like may be inter ested in reading what is said in this catalogue on the ad- vantages of wood cuts as compared with other kinds of pic- tures. = The Wolverine Rubber Manufacturing Co., the incor- poration of which was reported in the last Ln'iii.\ Ruhukk WoHi.i), are established at No. 257 Jefierson avenue, Detroit, Michigan, in a general jobbing business in all kinds of rub- ber goods ; besides, they act as manufacturers' agents on lines which they cannot carry in stock. George E. Gable is president; David Craig vice president and treasurer; Oliver H.Joy, secretary and general manager. = Herr Willy Ti.schbein, one of the directors of the Conti- nental Caoutchouc and Guttapercha Co., of Hanover, and president of the Continental Caoutchouc Co., of New York, has arrived to be present at the \'anderbilt Cup races. = At the annual meeting of the Westinghouse Air Brake Co., at Pittsburgh, on September 6, the regular quarterly dividend of 2% per cent, was declared, and also two extra dividends, amounting in all to 7 V per cent, for the quarter. = Tlie Pierce Cycle Co., September 13, 1906, under New York laws; capital, $300,000. Incorporators: (L N. Pierce, Percy P. Pierce, and C. Clifton. To manufacture bicycles, at Buffalo, N. Y. Percy P. Pierce, president of the new company, twice the winner of the Glidden Tour trophy, and son of the president of the (jcorge N. Pierce .Vutomobile Co., announces that hereafter he will devote his attention exclus- ively to bicycles. =The Hon. L. D. Apsley, president of the Apsley Rubber Co. (Hudson, Mass.) and the Rubber Manufacturing and Distributing Co. (Seattle, Wash.), visited the Pacific coast during the month, and while at Seattle entertained the em- ployes of the Rubber INIanufacturing and Distributing Co. at a banquet. = In a report just issued to its stockholders b3' The Ohio Rubber Culture Co. (Canton, Ohio), it is worthy of note that the company, although less than two years old, has 1,000,- 000 rubber trees out and growing on its plantation, situated on the Isthmus of Tehuanlepec. Mexico. The Minatitlan Contracting Co. of Minatitlan, V. C, Mexico, who are Mex- ican planters of over 10 years' experience, have charge of this companj''s development work. =Justus D. Anderson has been elected ])resident of the G & J Tire Co., and has gone to Indianai)olis to take charge of the duties of that office. II. O. Smith, whom he .suc- ceeds, after having served as president of the G & J com- pany for several j-ears, will now devote more attention to his automobile interests, though remaining a director in the tire companj'. Mr. Anderson was at one time sales manager of the G & J company, before going to Hartford, where he has been of late a vice president of the Hartford Rubber Works Co. He has been succeeded in the latter position by V. B. Lang. = Firestone Tire and Rubber Co. (Akron, Ohio) are mar- keting a " twin " solid rubber tire which has several advant- ages. One is that either half maj' be repaired or replaced without interfering with the other, and there is a positive and independent fastening for both shoulders of each half of the time. = At the rul)ber shoe factory of L. Candee & Co. (New Haven, Connecticut) there has lately been reported a short- age of women employes. It appears that in New Haven, at least, young women are less attracted by work of this kind than formerly, and the management has been obliged to bring in Italian and Polish girls, who are being trained in the various branches of rubber shoe making. 28 THE INDIA RUBBER WORLD [October i, 1906. = Incorporation papers were filed in Maine on September 12 for a conipaiiv under the name Port of Para, witli Jiy.ooo,- 000 capital aulhori/.ed, none of which had been paid in. The papers were filed by The Corporation Trust Co., memliers of which concern fill the offices for the present. Information regarding the objects of the company was refused. = The Biggs Boiler Works Co. (Akron, Ohio) are doing good work in supplying rubber manufacturers with vulcan- izers. Not only are their customers found in their vicinity, but through New England, down in Pennsylvania, and in the far west. = The Miller Rubber Co. (Akron. Ohio), manufacturers of druggists' sundries and rubber specialties, have enjoyed an exceeding!}- active trade of late, which showed no diminution even during the heated summer months. = Colonel Frank E. I,ocke, of the Boston Rubber Shoe Co., mentioned a few months ago as having gone to the Pacific coast for the benefit of his health, has returned home greatly improved, and is in charge of the company's Factory No. 2. = The Vinet detachable rim tire, brought into such promi- nence at the Grand Prix contest in Paris last summer, is to be manufactured for the American trade by the Hartford Suspension Co., who will also continue making the Truffault- Hartford shock absorber. THE RUBBER FACTORY AT NORTH BROOKFIELD. The illustration on this page gives a view of the building which has been purchased by The B. & R. Rubber Co. (North Brookfield, IMassachusetts), a new company the organiza- tion of which has been reported already in these pages. The building was formerly known as the E. & A. H. Batcheller shoe factory. It contains about 155,000 square feet of floor space and was up to a few years ago the largest shoe factory in the world. The building is of heavy mill construction and was fortunately built upon a rock, so that it is suitable for the heavy machinery which it is necessary to use in the manufacture of rubber goods. The company are putting in about 200 tons of machinery, all new and of the latest pat- tern. It is expected that the equipment will be ready for the manufacture of goods about November i, when the com- pany will begin making rubber heels, soles, horseshoe pads, mats, and matting, tubing and the like, with the idea of adding other linss within a few months. Mr. Thomas G. Richards is president of the conqjany and Mr. Charles C. Beebe treasurer, their initials being used to form the name of the companj'. PERSONAL MENTION. Mk. CiiAUi.iCS C. Ebekhart, for some time connected with the Tinited States consulate general in the city of Mex- ico, has been appointed consul at I(iuitf)S, Peru. This is the first time that an American consul has been stationed at Iquitos, which is becoming a port of increasing inq)ortance, on account of the exportation of rubber from there. Mr. Eberhart sailed for his post on Sejjtember 15. = Colonel Samuel P. Coll, president of the United States Rubber Co., returned early in the month from a protracted visit to Europe. His son, Russell Colt, and John J. Wat- son, Jr., treasurer of the United States conqianj-, returned on the same steamer. NEW INCORPORATIONS. American Pen and Pencil Clip Co., August 31, 1906, un- der New York laws ; capital $5000. To make metal and rubber goods. Incorporators: J. Fuchs, P. Cohen, and D. E. G.oldfarb, all of New York city. = Ajax-Grieb Rubber Co., September 11, iyo6, under New Jersey laws; capital, $400,000. Incorporators: W. G. Grieb, Henry Grieb, of Philadelphia ; C. H. Oakley, of Trenton; H. De Lisser, of New York. = The Cushion Wheel and Tire Co., September S, 1906, under New York laws; capital, $100,000. Incorporators: Edward Mitchell, No. 218 Hudson street, Syracuse, N. Y. ; Thomas H. Ward, Syracuse, N. Y. ; Edward D. Wood, In- dianapolis, Indiana. = The Atlantic Rubber Manufacturing Co., September 10, 1906, under New Jersey laws; capital authorized, J;i25,ooo. Incorporators: Leander J. Buckley, Glen Ridge, N. J.; Ernest L. Baldwin, No. 153 Monmouth street, Trenton, N. J.; Benjamin Shea, Portchester, N. Y. FAirORr OF THE B. & R. RUBBER CO. (NORTH BROOKFIELD, MASS.). October i, 1906.] THE INDIA RUBBER WORLD 29 THE RUBBER TRADE IN AKRON. BY A KESIUBNT CORRIJSPONDKNT. TO THE KniTOR OK Thk India Ri'hdkr World : Mr. Francis H. Holton during September celebiated the sixtieth anniversary of his connection witli the ruljber Inisi- ness. lie came to Akron in 1S87 to become superintendent of one of the departments of The B. K. Goodrich Co. 's fac- tory, and has since remained here, and is now leading a life of leisure. The Puncture I'roof Tire Co. (Cleveland, Ohio), will erect a large factor\- in Akron for the manufacture of its tire, the invention of God fried Knadler, formerly of Akron, and now being manufactured by the Stein Double Cushion Tire Co. Mr. Knadler was connected with the rubber department of the Whitman it Harnes Manufacturing Co. when he invented the puncture jiroof tire. About a month ago the Puncture Proof Tire Co. was incorporated, with |;ioo,ooq capital, for the manufacture of these tires. The new tire has no inner tube, and is claimed to require no attention after being put on an automobile, until cut to pieces or worn out. Fearing that it maj' lose the branch of the Faultless Rubber Co., the city council of Ashland, Ohio, passed an ordinance opening a street to the company's plant in that city, which it has been fighting for the past three years. Kecenth' a report was given out by the company that it was to merge its Akron and Ashland plants into one. The location of this plant has not been decided on, and both Akron and Ashland are bidding for it. The Buckeye Rubber Co. are e.xperiencing difficulty in securing concessions from the Akron council. The com- pany have made arrangements for the erection of a large number of sheds adjoining their plant, and have asked the council to vacate a portion of the street on which the plant abuts and upon which to erect these sheds. The scheme has met a stumbling block in the way of damage claims which have been filed, amounting to J 12,000. Mr. n. S. I'^irestone, president of the I'Mrestone Tire and Rubber Co., left recently for a six weeks' tour of Furope. He was accompanied by his wife. Mr. Harrj' H. Replogle, department manager of the Cana- dian Rubber Co. of IMontreal, was married on September 15 to Miss Gertrude Stone, the daughtei of Mrs. Laura Stone, of Akron. Thirtj' branch managers and traveling salesmen of The B. F. Goodrich Co. held a three days' conference, at the first of the month, with the local sales managers. The tire branch of the trade was the only one represented and discussed in the conference, and plans were laid for the coming year after suggestions were heard from the various managers and salesmen. It was announced after the conference that there will be no general changes in tires this coming season, ex- cept wherein improvements can be made in perfecting the present styles. The Diamond Rubber Co. will send a small army of expert tire men to be in attendance at the Vanderbilt Cup races next month. There will be 52 men present, representing the conipanj', who are expert tire repair men. The corps of Clifford B. Myers, who had charge of the corps of men sent by the company to the former Vanderbilt races and also who attended the Gordon Bennett races in France. The Rubber Trading Co. (New York) will no longer have a resident representative in this cit3^ I. C. Alden who has been the resident representative of the companj' in this city for a number of years has ceased to be connected with the compau}', and the trade will in the future be visited by R. B. Baird, vice president of the company. The Williams Foundry and ISIachine Co. are enjoying a prosperous business in the rubber trade. Tvarge orders have been filled for cores and moulds to he delivered to the Dia- mond Rubber company. During the present month the Independent Tire and Rub- ber Co. was incorporated, with a nominal capital stock of Jrooo. The company was incorporated bj- attorneys of Akron, and after it is fully organized, it is reported, the ca])ita! stock be increased to several hundred thousand dollars. Recently the Panama Crude Rubber Co. was organized in a similar way, the real organizers keeping in the back ground. It has been rumored among the trade that the two incorporations mean the formation of one large rubber com- pany. The former was organized for the purpose, it is said, of securing leases on large rubber plantations, which will ultiiuatel>' result in the company furnishing to the Indepen- dent Tire and Rubber Co. all of the crude rubber needed for its consumption. Mr. Charles C. Groodrich, assistant general superintendent of The B 1'". Goodrich Co., has been elected to the office of councilman at large in the city council. The members of the council agreed unaniniousl3f on Mr. Goodrich to fill the vacancy in the council. Mr. F. G. Carnahan, of the C.oodyear Tire and RubberCo., is at the head of the United States Spirit Co., of Akron, recently incorporated w'ith $1 15,000 capital. The company e.xpects to manufacture denatured alcohol. Mr. James A. Braden has resumed the position of adver- tising manager of The Diamond RubberCo., which he re- signed a year or two ago to enter another line of business. On vSeptember 24 J. A. Johnston, R. A. Baldwin, and James Strictler filed suit in the I'ranklin county common pleas court against the Midgelc}- Manufacturing Co., of Co- lumbus, Ohio, asking for the appointment of a receiver and that another election of officers or directors be held. The petitioners set up that Thomas iMidgeley, as president of the companj', is acting in the interest of the Rubber Goods Manufacturing Co., and that he has procured the election of men as directors who likewise work for the furtherance of the rubber company. It is charged that they have at- tempted to depreciate the stock of the companj', with a view to buying it in at less than its real worth. John C. Squiers, in another suit, has also asked for the appointment of a re- ceiver. An injunction is asked for, restraining any sale of shares of the Midgelej' company to members of the rubber trust. Mr. Strong Vincent Xorton, assistant to C. C. Goodrich, of The B. F. Goodrich Co., was married recently to Miss Florence Lj'on, whom he met while a student in the Univer- sitj' of Chicago, where she was a teacher of botanj'. Later. — The Faultless Rubber Co. will remove its Akron plant to .■\shland and consolidate all its manufacturing there. The companj- 's plant at Ashland will include the factory formerlj' occupied bj' the Pneumatic Horse Collar Companj-. 30 THE INDIA RUBBER V/ORLD [October i, 1906. THE TEXTILE GOODS MARKET. THE seueral trend of the market is said to be buoyant and it is thought that the fixing of the new price- schedule about October 15 will not show any appreciable change from the prevailing list. A prominent authority re- cently published the following risumc of the cotton market : "Conditions this season are such as to render the usual decline from early oflferings less probable. There can be little doubt that the early movement will be heavy, for the reason that perhaps as much as 25 per cent, of the crop has already been sold at loc. and over for early shipment, and therefore receipts will not be any pressure against the market. The increased warehouse facilities of the South, the more pros- perous condition of growers as a class, and the efforts of the various organizations will all he in favor of a very conserva- tive marketing of unhedged cotton, besides which we have not the least doubt in the world but that spinners of all na- tions are even now prepared, and are waiting for the season of big receipts to embrace what they may well consider the best opportunity likely to be presented during the season for obtaining supplies not onl}' for the necessities of the cur- rent season but in many instances to supply their spindles during the coming year. This course of conduct has un- doul)tedly been suggested to them by the fact that while the commercial crop just marketed was the largest but one in the history of the trade the world's surplus was decreased nearly one-half during the season, and also that after the enormous takings of two years ago the takings of last year indicated a reaction, which, during the present season, is likely to be followed by a renewal of the expansion naturally attending the increase in population and the development of new markets." The spot situation is strong but there is little or no dispo- sition to deal in futures, at least on the part of the general public. ADDITIONAL TRADE NOTES. MR. WEBSTER NORRIS, who is well known as one of the safest and best equipped of the rubber chemists and superintendents, has located pennanentlj- in New York, lie will devote himself to laboratory work, acting as counsel for rubber manufacturers who have compounding, manu- facturing, or testing problems of any description with which to deal. = The Diamond Rubber Co. (Akron, Ohio) announce that all the American entries for the Vanderbilt Cup race, to take place on Long Island on October 6, are to be equipped with the Diamond wrapped tread tires. All the American cars entered in the elimination race on September 22 were also equipped with these tires. = 0n his recent return from Europe, Colonel Samuel P. Colt was welcomed home at Bristol, Rhode Island, by a nnniber of friends who had speeded him on his departure a few weeks earlier. It was on the evening of September 17 that Colonel Colt was surprised by the arrival of a large party in automobiles, who, after welcoming speeches, pre- sented him with a teautiful silver service, each piece bearing the coat of arms of the Colt family and the inscription ' Squantum Julj' 2, 1906," the whole being a souvenir of the farewell dinner above referred to. =The number of dollars that have been saved to the rub- ber trade by the u.se of recording thermometers must be quite large, and hundreds of them are in use in rubber mills par- ticularly the Bristol, which is the manufacturers' delight and the heater man's well the heater man has to keep awake with that infallible watcher always so much in evi- dence. = Mrs. \. D. Schlesinger, wife of the superintendent of the India Rubber Comb Co. (College Point, I^ SECOND PREFERRED. Whek ending— Aug. 25. Sept i. Sept. 8. Sept. 15. Sept. 22. Sales 100 — — 700 400 High 79 — — 81 8oJ^ Low 79 — — 80 80 October i, 1906.] THE INDIA RUBBER WORLD 31 REVIEW OK THE CRUDE RUBBER MARKET. ATAIIIv niarkft has presented fuw changes during the I iiionlli. Hiiying has not been jjarticiilarly active at an\' time, and (luotations are slightly lower than a month ago, though the month closes with a condi- tion of firmness, with indications that more interest on the part of consumers will be manifested in the near future. Arrivals at I'ara since the beginning of the crop year have been larger than usual, but the receipts for the first three months of any season are no sure indication of what the whole year will bring out, and prices have not been mate- rially afiected. The figures are: 190?. utat. lyo5. itjoC). July /i»lS 12S0 1250 1450 1840 .•\ ugust : 1 230 1 260 1 300 I (ji)0 September 2010 1780 2200 a 955 Total 4520 4290 4950 4485 [a -To September iS, 1906.] The itu|)ression has prevailed in some quarters that less rubber will be called for in the rttbber shoe industry this year, owing to the stocks of manufactured goods held over on accountof the "open " winter last season. But it is pointed out by a member of the crude rubber trade that anj- falling off from this cause will be more than compensated for by the constantly iticreasing consumption of rubber in tires, not for automobiles alone, but for vehicles of many kinds, and particularly commercial vehicles. The stability of the market above referred to is regarded bj- many as due, at least in part, to the fact that certain large consuming interests are now more regular buj'ers than formerly, on the theory that active buying at intervals on a large scale is always liable to influence prices, and even to cause marked fluctuations. The size of stocks in the New York market is not always a matter of certainty, and some estimates are considerably in excess of the " ofilcial " figures supplied to the trade. In addition to the arrivals at New York from Para, re- ported on another page, the Hildchrand landed on Septem- ber 25. with 6S;,,9oo pounds of rubber, including 16,700 Caucho. Following is a statement of prices of Para grades, one year ago, one month ago, and on September 27 — this date ; P.\RA. October i, '05. September i, '06. September 27. Islatiils. fine, new I27@I2S II9@I20 119(4120 Islands, fine, old none here none here none here Upriver, fine, new i29@r3o I24@I25 I23@I24 Rubber Scrap Prices. New York quotatiotis — prices paid by consumers for car- load lots in cents per pound — are somewhat higher through- out the list : Old Rubber Boots and Shoes - Domestic gX @ 9H Do - Foreign 8J4 @ 8 li Pneumatic Bicycle Tires 7^ @ y^^ Autoinoliile Tires 10 @ lofs Solid Rubber Wagon and Carriage Tires 83/ @ Sji While Trimmed Rubber ., 11^ @ Ii3/ Heavy Black Rubber 5 «4' @ 5)^ .•\ir Brake Hose 4}^ @ 5 Fire and Large Hose 3^ @ 33/ Garden Hose lyi @ 2^4 Malting I'A @ iH Upriver, fine, old I32C":I33 I26@I27 Islands, coarse, new 7i<^ 72 (>(>'A® 67 Islands, coarse, old none here none here Upriver, coarse, new 92® 93 91 ^4@ 92 Upriver, coar.se, old none liere none here Caucho (Peruvian) sheet.... 73@ 74 75® 76 Caucho (Peruvian) ball 8!@ 86 90@ 91 Ceylon (Planlalion) fine sheet I42f";i43 AKKICAN. Sierra Leone. I slfjual. 102 @I03 Massai, red 102 ©103 Benguella 78 @ 79 Cameroon ball 76 @ 77 Accra fiake 21 '/2@ 22 Lopori ball, prime ..114 @I i.S Lopori strip, prime . 103 @I04 Madagascar, pinky.. @ 93 Ikelemba 115 @ii6 Soudan niggers 95 ©96 126(01127 6-@ 68 none here @ 92 none here 75® 76 91® 92 I42®I43 CENTRALS. Esmeralda, sausage. . . 89® 90 Guayaquil, stiip 73@ 74 Nicaragua, scrap 85® 86 Panama, slab 63® 64 Mexican, .scrap SS^i Sy Mexican, slab 62® 03 Mangabeira, sheet 69® 70 Gnayule 40® 45 KAST INDIAN. Assam 92® 93 Borneo 41® 48 Per Kilo. Ui)river, fine 6SS00 Upriver, coarse 4^700 4J150 Late Para cables quote : Per Kilo Islands, fine 5J-15C' I.slands, coarse 2^850 Exchange, 15', [;(/. Last Manaos advices ; Upriver. fine 6$Soo Upriver, coar-se Exchange, J5\\d. Statistics of Para Rubber (Excluding Caucho). NEW YORK. Fine and Coarse. Total. Total. Medium. 1906. 1905. Stocks, July 31 107IS 140 7 = 147 4:7 Arrivals, August 454 269 = 723 445 Total. 1904. 137 478 .Aggregating 594 Deliveries, August 507 276 = 870 270 = 777 S62 546 Stocks, .Xugust 31. 87 93 3'6 615 549 66 PARA. 1906. 1905. 1904. Stocks, July 31 lo?is 376 240 175 Arrivals, August 1565 1230 1010 Aggregating 1941 1470 11S5 Deliveries, August 1491 1 195 870 ENGLAND. 1906. 1905. 1904. 790 390 585 460 690 595 1250 550 1080 1180 700 745 Stocks, August 31 450 275 315 700 380 345 1906. World's visible su])ply, August 31 /ous 1876 Para receipts, July i lo .August 31 2865 Para Receipts of Caucho, .same dales 4S5 Afloat from Para lo United Stales, .\ug. 31 . 218 Afloat from Para to Europe, August 31 415 ■90S- 1.5.34 24S0 220 87 476 1904. 1281 loio 230 166 241 Antiuerp. To THE Editor oi' The India Ruhher World : At the sale of August 24, the transactions comprised the following quantities : K.xposed. Sold. Congo .sorts : Ions 348 330 Sundries 83 38 Total 431 36S Buyers showed some hesitation and prices were very irregular, the average decline on valuations being about i per cent. The next large sale by inscription will be held on September 26, when about 481 tons will be offered, chiefly arrivals per steamers Philip- peville and Leopoldville. Sales since August i, about 400 tons; stock about 700 tons. c. .schmid & co , si'CCESSEURS. Antwerp, Belgium, August 27. 1906. 32 THE INDIA RUBBER V/ORLD [October i, 1906. 60 100 5,500 II, rcK) 28,000 9.1 5" 1.500 1,500 400 2,100 1,000 294,850 3,800 06,000 7,000 8,800 400 350 900 580 251.430 RUBBER ARRIVALS AT ANTWERP. Sept. 10. — B3' the Bruxellesvillc, from the Congo: Buiige & Co.. .(Socidld Generale Africaine) kilos 107,000 Do 67,500 Do (Cie. (Ill Kasai) Do (Coinite Special Katanga) Do ( Chemins de fer ( ~Traiul Lacs) Soci6td Coloniale Anversoise( Beige ioo Do (Socii'te A B I R) 14000 Socidtc Coloniale .Vnversoise (Beige (hi Haul Congo) i,4(x) Do (Slid Kanierun) 5,500 Do I,. & W. Van de Velde (Cie. du Kasai) Do G. &C. Krelinger (Soci^td " 1/a Lobay " 1 M. S. Cols (I'lkelemba) Do (C. D'Heygere) Charles Dethier (Belgika) Socidtd Hiiuatoriale Congolaise (I'lkelemba) cNjiv Caledonia Rubber Exports. IvxroKTS of rulil>i.-r from the I'"rencli colony of New Caledonia (mostly to the Bordeanx market) are reported in La 0!ii}i~aiue Coloniale as follows. Prices have been on a par with Conakry niggers : 1S99 i,524/t//()5 1903 11,268 X://oj. 1900 24,110 " 1904 17,099 " I901 16,511 " 1905 22,647 1902 '>,5'4 " Ceylon {Plantation) Rubber Exports, 1906. -BY WEEKS. POUNDS. Week ending Aug 6. . . . 10,133 Week ending Aug. 13... 1.54S Total, 1906 177.691 Same dates, 1905 65,125 Same dates, 1 904 4 ' . 295 Same dales, 1903 26,413 DESTINATION.' Great Britain 132. 3S8 Australia 1,272 United States 34-067 France 761 Germany 8,956 Belgium 247 London. Thi'; parlnersliip hitherto carried on under the name of Alden Symington & Co.. by A. H. Alden, William Symington, A. H. B. G. Symington, and E. Olsen, was dissolved on August 31. The business, however, is being continued under the name of A. H. Allien & Co , Limited, in the same offices in London, Liverpool, and Hamburg, in every respect, with the exception of the retire- ment of the Messrs. Symington. The directors of the new company are Adelbert H. Alden (chairman), Edward Olsen (deputy chair- mani, G. Edwin .\lden, Albert Long, William H. Hildreth Arthur W. Stedinan, and I'^rederick W. Dunbar. Associated in the man- agement in Europe will be Mr. Olsen, who has been with the firm for many years, and Mr. Hildreth. associated with them for some time past in Brazil. .Mso Mr. Long, who has been with the firm for nearly 18 years. The business of .'\lden, Symington & Co. has not been acquired by any other corporation, as some newspaper reports would imply, though the Messrs Symington have organized a new corporation, William Symington & Co., Limited. LONDON RUBBER MARKET. September 14. — The market has been firmer during the past UICTAILS— POUNDS. January to June iS.. ■I29.7S5 Week en ling June 2S. iq Week en ling July 2... ■ 9,893 Week en ling July 9.-, • 4.946 Week en ling July 16.. . 10,421 Week en ling July 2.V- • 2,499 Week en ling July 30.. • 8447 week, Lewis & Peat report, and more business has been done. Sales included fine hard fine Pard, spot near deliverj', at 55. 2d. and distant delivery at 55. lYzd. Plantation. — Gow, Wilson & Stanton, Limited, report offers at to-day's auction of 328 packages of Ceylon and Straits, of which about 165 were sold. The highe.st prices paid was 5.!. "jyid [ = f 1.- 365] for fine Ceylon biscuits and fine pale crepe. Fine sold at this time last year as high as 6.?. ^lid. [=|i.55] per pound. The ilecline since last year has been more than on fine Pard, the highest price for which to-day is 50'. [=about 10 cents] below this date in 1905. Liverpool. Edmund SchluTER & Co. report [August 31] : These figures show a heavy increase of receipts both of Rubber and Caucho. the result of an early crop, and it is possible that the receipts during September may also exceed those of September, 1905 Experience has, however, shown that large receipts during the first half of the season are almost without exception followed by proportionally moderate ones during the second half and con- sumers will do well not to lose .sight of this fact. WORLD'S VISIBLE SUPPLY OF PARA, .\UGUST 31. 1906. *905. 1904. 1903- 1902. Tons 2810 1866 1402 1976 2902 Prices, hard fine 5/2 5/7 5/— 4/3 3/2^^ LIVERPOOL STOCKS OF AFRICAN RUBBER, AUGUST 3I. 1906 372 1903 305 1900 710 1905 323 1902 449 1899 459 1904 459 1901 626 1S98 373 William Wright & Co. report [September i]: Fine Parii. — During the first half of the month the market was firm and fairly active. Owing to some American orders spot prices advanced to 55. 3^. ; towards the close the demand has been very dull ; closing value 55. id. for Upriver. Islands has been rather more inquired for, and up to 5.S. lYzd. was paid, closing at 5.S. 2(/. America still continues quiet, and the tone there is rather easier. At the moment there are no indications of an advance in prices. IMPORTS FROM PARA AT NEW YORK. [ Tlie Figures Indicate Weights in rounds.] August 33. — By the steamer Flutninense, from Pard : Importers. Fine. N. Y. Commercial Co. . 82,700 General Rubber Co 42,400 Poel & Arnold 17,400 C. P. dos Santos 14. 100 Edmund Reeks & Co . . 6,700 A. T. Morse & Co 3 100 Neale & Co 2,400 Medium. 29,400 7,800 6,100 700 1. 100 300 1,300 Coarse. 49,800 65, 100 44,900 3,400 7,000 9,500 4,800 Caucho. 2,400-^ 300= 300 --- Total l6S,8oo 46,700 184,500 3,000 September 4.— By the steamer Aiuasonense, from Man Pard: General Rubber Co. . . . 89, 100 Poel & Arnold 57, 200 N. Y. Commercial Co. Edmund Reeks & Co. . A. T. Morse & Co Neale & Co Hagemeyer & Brunn . C. P. dos Santos 10,300 64,900 16,400 21,500 42,700 4,700 12,500 27,400 7,100 13,100 1,500 27,800 8,100 1,100 20,200 11,400 2,100 8,400 2,400 1,200= 10,500^ Total 245 800 39 September 14. — By the steamer Ct Poel & .\rnold 151,900 29, General Rubber Co . . . 60,800 7, N. Y. Commercial Co.. 108,600 13 A. T Morse & Co 122,700 13 C. P. dos Santos 27,200 4 Hagemeyer & Brunn. . 19,300 2 Edmund Reeks & Co. 11,500 5. Neale & Co 8,800 i G. Amsinck & Co 600 164 aiense 900 67 700 125 100 41 600 53 200 2 000 10, 100 8 400 8 ,500 11,700= from Mandos ,400 500 800 400 ,700 1,600 ,600 900 200 15.500= 300 23,800= 400= 600= Total. 164,300 115,600 68,700 18,200 14,800 12,900 8,500 403,000 dos and 165,500 = 105,600 = 59,900 - 47,600 = 29,300 - 29,400 = 13,500 = 11,800 = 461,600 and Pard: = 264,700 - 194,300 = 187,300 = 190,100 = 34,700 = 31,900 = 25,200 - 19,100 = 11,400 Total 510,800 77,000319,100 51,700^ 958,700 [Note.— Tile steamer Basil irom ParS is due at New York, October 5. Willi 270 tons rubber.] I October i, 1906.] THE INDIA RUBBER ^A/'ORLD 33 PARA RUBBER via EUROPE. POUNDS Aug. 20.- By the 6V(?r;fic=Liver|iool ; Poel & Arnold iA>ia = Liverpool : New S'ork Commercial Co (Fine) 45.000 Sept. 5- By the t"o Robinson «c Sliks (Fine) .. ii.ooo 3<>,ooo SEPr. 12. — By the />'ot'iV= Liverpool ; Poel & ArnoUK Fine) 7.000 Poel & Arnold .Caucho) 185,000 New York Commercial Co (Coarse). .. 4.500 196,500 Skpt. u. — By the r<-«/o«i<-= Liverpool : A. T. Morse& Co. ICaucho) 20.000 Skpt. 13.— By the IVal 'trsee=H»mbmg : New York Commercial Co. (Fine ... 21,500 Poel & .\rm>lrt (Caucho) 6,500 29,000 Sept. 17.— By the £/»-«>ia=l.iverpool ; New York Commercial Co. (Fine). iS.ooo Skpt. 2j — By the Lucaniii- Liverpool ; Robinson & Stiles (Fine) 3O.'w0 OTHER ARRIVALSAT NHWYORK CENTRALS. Aug. 22. — By th« Finance-^Qo\o\\ : G. Amsinck & Co E. B. Slrout IMza, Nephews & Co W. Loai/aa«rf^= Mobile: Manhattan Rubber Mfe. Co 2,500 A. N. Rothol/ 1.700 A T. Morse & Co 3,(>co Tbebaud Brothers 1,300 Aug. 24.— By the Ei JVor/e-G&\vestou : Continental Mexican Co Aug. 24. — By the .^aMvma- Hamburg: A. T. Morse & Co Aug. 25 —By the Seguranca^Mexicoi HatburgerA Stack 4.500 E. Sleiger & Co 1500 H. Marquardl & Co 1.200 E. N. Tibbals Co 500 7,700 Aufi. 25.— By the Maeari cas=Tampico : Edward Maurer 30,000 Harbur^er & Stack 2,000 H. Maiquardt & Co 500 32.500 ArG. 27.— By the Co/o«=Colon: l''cltmaii Kstaie . . 11,000 I,awrence Johtisr^//tf=Bahia: American Commercial Co. ... . 46,500 Nfw York Commercial Co 36.000 Adolph Ilirsch & Co 5.500 8S.000 Skpt. 7.— Hy AV Dorado='New Orleans; Manhattan Rubber Mfg. Co 2,000 Eggers & Heinlein 2.000 .\.o(^> Srpt. 10, — By the Minn fapoiis= London . Robinson & Stiles 4.500 Sept. 12.— By The El Marsr-Galvcsion : Continental & Mexican Co 28.000 Sept. ii— .By the ^///aMca = Colon: Keltman Estate.. Lawrence Johnson & Co New \'ork Commercial Co P. Calverto Co E. B. Strout ., Charles E. Griffin Skpt. 12, — By the / V«<*/m = CoIon : G. Amsinck & Co. A. Held Isaac Brandon & Bros ... H. Marquardt & Co 23,700 16.600 S.ioo 1,000 1. 100 1,500 3.500 1,300 1,000 700 6,500 Sept. 13.— By the La /Va/a= Carribbean : American Trading Co.. Silva Bussenius & Co 1.500 1.50J n. A. neLima& Co 1.500 Smithers NordenhoU & Co Aramburo Incpui Wessels & Kulenkamp Kunhardt St Co (i, Amsinck ik Co :,ooo 600 600 500 500 Sept. 14.— By the £i Paso=New Orleans : A. T. Morse & Co Skpt. is.— By the £"/ ^io=Galveston: Continental & Mexican Co Sept. 14.— By the Esperanza^ h'rouiera : Harburger & Stack 3..S00 Thebaud Brothers 2.500 H. Marquardt & Co. 2.000 Graham. Hinkley & Co 1.500 E. SleigLT & Co. 1,000 .American Trading Co 500 Skpt. 17. - By the £^rKria=Liverpool : Rubber Trading Co 4.500 F. N. Beattie.. 2.500 Sept. 17. — By the Finances Colon : New York Commercial Co 4i7oo Roldan & Van Sickle 3-9oo Fellman Estate ... 3.200 Dumarest Bros. & Co 2,900 CENTRA LS-Continued, Piza. Nephews & Co 2.700 A. M. Capen Sons .. 1,800 G. Amsinck & Co 1,700 E. B Strout 1,200 Andean Trading Co. 600 Ski'i. 17.- By the )'«c(i/(iM = Tainpico: New York Commercial Co 30,000 Edward Maurer 25,000 Sept. 18.- By the l'itginia = Co\oii : G. Amsinck & Co 5. 000 George A. Alden & Co... 1,000 6,000 Sept. 18.— By the 7^«w^'J0w = Bahia ; J. H. Rossback tS: Bios 27,000 American Commercial Co 13.500 A. Hirscb&Co 3.000 43.500 Skpt 19.— By the .SV^/ria= Colombia : D A. De Lima & Co Isaac Brandon & Bros Silva Bussenius & Co H.&S. HcnryCo American Trading Co Wessels, Ruleinkamp Co.. . . A. .\. Lindo & Co. Roldan Si Vitii Sickle C. A. Delgado Aramburo Incpta Sept. 19.— By the Sp.irtan /V/wctf=Baliia : American Commercial Co 31,000 New York Commeicial Co 25,000 J. H. RossbackS: BiOs ir.ooo 67,000 Sept. 20. By the JAj/fl'/.r«5— Tampico : New York Commercial Co 22,500 Eu opean Account 22500 Harburger & Stack. a.ooo Isaac Kubie& Co.. 1,000 48,000 Skpt. 20 —By the /:/ OV/='Galveslon : Continental & Mexican Co 18,000 2,500 l,.SOO 1,000 1.000 1,000 700 600 600 600 500 Skim. 20.- By the Ct>/o?x = Colon : G. .\msinck & Co 4 100 Jose Julia iS; Co 3,300 E. B. Slrout 2,900 Dumarest Bros. & Co.... 2,500 \V. R. (iiace & Co 2,000 Roldan & Van Sickle . . 1.700 .\ndean Trading Co. 1.700 Wessels. fCulemkamp & Co 1,200 Meyer Hecht 1,000 New York Commercial Co 800 Piza, Nephews &. Co 600 21,800 Sept. 22.— By the £'/.A/o«/tf=New Orleans: A. T. Morse & Co 3,500 2.500 G. Amsinck & Co. A. N. Rotholz 1. 000 7,000 Skpt. 22.~By the .S'^«rawca=Mexico : E. Steiger & Co 4.500 Harburger & Stack 2.000 Theb.iud Brothers 2.000 Frederick Probst & Co 1.500 Giaham. Hinkley & Co 1,000 W. L. Wadleigb 500 11500 Sept. 22.— By the ^/^'/jg-Zo^Galveston : Continental & Mexican Co . . 26,000 AFRICANS. POUNDS. Au(;. 20.— By the d^fo^-jeita. Liverpool : Poel tS: Arnold 22,500 A. T. Morse & Co 2,500 25.000 Ai:g. 22, -By the Ca»w/aMia=*Liverpool : George A. Alden & Co 55,ooo Aug. 24. -By the />'a/aj'/a=Haniburg: Poel & Arnold 35.000 A. T. Morse & Co .. 25.000 60000 Aug. 25. — By the Awcrt«/rt=Liverpool : George A. Alden & Co. 22,500 Henry A. Gould Co 3.000 Robinson & Stiles.. 2,000 27,500 Aug. 27.— By the /^V«/flMrf=Antwerp : Western Electric Co 15.000 Aug. 27.— By the Or^/i'c- Liverpool : PoeiA Arnold 30.000 A. W.Brunn&Co 5500 35 500 .Aug. 28.- By the A//jrfflw=RoUerdam : Poel & A mold 1 1 ,500 Rubber Trading Co 7.000 James E. Odell .... i»ooo 19.500 34 THE INDIA RUBBER WORLD [October i, 1906. Ab'RlVANS—ConHnued. Aug. 30. — By the A/rt//iC= Liverpool : George A. Alden & Co 20.000 Rubber TradiiiK Co 10.000 Raw Products Co 7.000 James K. Odell .. -'.5o-> Kobinson S: Siiles 2,500 42,000 Ave. 31.— By the Ai^/Zt/a- Hamburg : A. T. Morse & Co I.S.ooo tieofRc A. Alden & Co 15.000 60.000 Ski'T, I,— By tbe //Krfjo«=HavTe : A. r. Morse & Co 1 1 000 Skpt. 4— By the />7« 7.ooo Siirr. 4.— By the .2VWrtm/= Antwerp : Rubber Trading Co 3.300 SiJT. 4. -By the CW//t=Livcrpool : Rubber Trading Co 7,000 Si:pt. 5. --By the C(iroK/a=Liverpool : George A. Alden & Co 45.000 (;eneral Rubber Co 45.000 Livcscv ;t Co 7.o«> Henry A. Gould Co 5"0o 102,000 Si-;['T. 7.— By the /*?r/or/«=r Hamburg : George A. Alden ^ Co ■ 30,000 Poel « Arnold . . ..- 7,000 General Kuhhcr Co . i5-.Soo Rubber Tradi?ig Co 20.000 A. T. Morse & Co 3. .^00 74,i>oo Skpt 10. — By the -SV. /'a /=^ London : Poel & Arnold 1 1 000 George A. Alden & Co .. 5.000 16,000 Sept. k.— By the A»'ot»/./a«(/= Antwerp : A. T. Morse & Co 9.000 Rubber Trading Co ... 3 000 1 2.000 Skpt. 12.— By the ,^ov/c=:Liveri>ool : Poel & Arnold . 22,500 George A. Atden & Co 17000 ""' 8,000 7 000 . . 2 ,000 Raw Products Co. Rubber Trading Co A. T. Morse Sc Co . Si-:pr. 13.- By the ./4iM^r/Vfl = Antwerp : George A. Alden & Co . ... 89000 16,000 50,000 7,000 56.5f>o A. T. Morse & Co... Poel & Arnold Robinson & Stiles Skpt. 13. — By the IVa /tier 5 rtr— Hamburg: A. T. Morse & Co 45.000 Poel & Arnold 30,000 George A. Alden & Co 3.000 78,000 Skpi. 17. -By the /i7»«r/a = LiverpooI : Rubber Trading Co 7,000 George A. Alden & Co 6,500 13,500 SEPr. I'.— By the Toitraitie=HavTe: A- T. Morse &. Co 9.000 George A. Alden & Co 4.500 13,500 Sf.pt, 17.— By the Ov^»/c— Uverpool: General Rubber Co 45.000 A FRICA NS~- Continued. A. W. Brunn & Co Livesey iS: Co , Earle Brothers ... 16,000 1 1 .500 3.500 7'., SfciiT. 18. — By the Ka(/olis~\^owAo\\ : Robinson & Stilts 7.0^ George A. .Mjen & Co 1.500 8.500 Skpt. 12.— By the U'artfnfeh^CoXomhox A. T. Morse & Co. 6,000 Skpt. it.— By the Anglo .^«.r. M=;Singapore : Joseph Cantor. 15.000 A. 'T Morse & Co . g.ooo A. W. Brunn & Co 10 000 34.000 Sept. 12. By the /M(/#a.sa7K/ia^Singaporc: Heabler & Co 22,500 Poel & Arnold 11,000 A. T. Murse id Co 22,500 A. W. Brunn & Co 30,000 Josepli Cantor 15,000 F. R. MuIlerVQ Co . 17.000 George A Alden & Co . 5.000 123,000 Skpt. 17.- By the ^l//«H^/irt/(a=London ; Robinson & Stiles 8,000 A. T. Morse & Co 3.500 George A. Alden & Co 3.500 15.000 gutta-jelutong. Sept. ii. — Bv the Anglo ^S'rt.i-t^«=;Singapore ; Will am Tappenbach 425000 F'oel «I Arnold 150,000 Edward Bonstead & Co 175.000 H. Rouli & Co _ 75.000 D. A. Shaw & Co. 55, 000 Interior I'orts 125,000 1,005,000 Skpt. 12 - By the Indrasamha sSingapore: Heabler & Co 350,000 Poel * Arnold 140,000 A. W. Brunn & Co 110,000 Willinm Tappenbach .. 1 10 000 Robinson iS: Stiles 125,000 George \. Alden & Co. . 150 000 F. R. Muller & Co ,. 15.000 1,000,000 GUTTA-PERCHA AND BALATA. Polii^\, undoii : Henry A.Gould Co 4.500 Skpt. 13.— By the /*ari/«(i=Demerara: George A. Alden & Co 10,000 Frame M: Co 10,000 20,000 CUSTOM HOUSE STATISTICS. PORT OF NEW YORK — AUGUST. Imparls : Pounds. Value. India-rubber 3,605,844 $2,660,749 Gutta-percha , 75.057 22.3."i8 Gutta jelutong (Ponlianak) 1.1991463 47.923 Total 4,880,364 $2 731 030 Expo * is : India-rubber 101,305 $ 87,986 Reclaimed rubber 122,427 22236 Rubber Scrap Imported i,439.59S $ 115,640 Rubber Scrap Exported 4,735 1.369 BOSTON ARRIVALS. POUNDS. July 5. — By the A>««(?^Ci:= Singapore : George A. Alden & Co.— Ceylon 800 July 9.— By the i1/7c/f;^aw— Liverpool ; Poel & Arnold — African 10.276 July 10. - By the /i'oAcw/aM = Liverpool : William Wright & Co.- Central 30.677 Jui-Y 14. -By the .S>/i'a«/a=LiverpooI : A. T. Morse & Co.— Almedina gum ... 5,078 July 17. — By the Ca^/arf/aM- Liverpool ; William Wright & Co.— Central 3«,478 July 19.- By the /r//rf*'w/V/j=Calcutta : George A Alden & Co.— East Indian. . 2 673 July 23.- By the Sachem=\Ji\cTpoo\ : Poel & Arnold. — African 1,231 July 30.— By the .S^a^rt/wor^r^^Liverpool : Poel & Arnold— African 15,624 Total 104,837 [Value J64,340.] OFFICIAL STATISTICS OF CRUDE INDIA-RUBBER (in Pounds) UNITED STATES. GREAT BRITAIN. MONTHS. IMPORTS EXPORTS NET IMPORTS. MONTHS. IMPORTS. EXPORTS. NET IMPORTS. July, igo6 January -J line 4 675. 71S 33,531,440 296,030 1,783,648 4,379.688 31,747.792 4,581.360 34,477,744 2 793,616 18,736,480 1,787 744 15,741,264 January -June Seven months, igo6 Seven months, 1905 Seven months, 1904 Seven nioiitlis, igo6 Seven months, 11J05 Seven mouths, 1904 38,207,158 42,382.481 37.(iSg 032 2,079,678 1,834.536 1,979,724 36,127.480 40 547,945 35,709, 3"S 39,059,104 37,519.776 34,992,048 21,530,096 20 445,720 19,453.286 17,529,008 17,074,056 15,538 762 GERMANY. July, igo6 . .. . January-June , Seven months. 1906. Seven months, 1905. Seven months, 1904. 2,595,780 20,410,720 23,006,500 26,284,060 20,281,680 1,102,640 5,409,140 6,511,780 8,455,700 5,848,700 NET IMPORTS 1,493.140 15,001,580 16,494.720 17,828,360 14,972,980 FRANCE.* July, igo6 . . . . January-June Seven months. igo6 . Seven months, 1905.. Seven months, 1904.. 1,944,800 '7,757,740 19,702,540 16,462,820 12,802,680 EXPORTS 1,717,540 8,511,800 lo,22g 340 9,477,820 7,388,260 NET IMPORTS. 227,260 g,245,g40 g 473,200 6,g85,ooo 5,414.420 Note.— Geiman statistics before Jan. i, nio6, include Gutta pcrcha, Balata, old (waste) rubber. British figures include old rubber. French, Austrian, and Italian ligures include Gutta-percha. The exports from the United States embrace the supplies for Canadian consumption. * General Commerce. t Special Commerce. The BEST BUCKLES for ARCTICS ARE HADE BY THE WELD MFQ. CO., 41 Lincoln Street, • • Boston. ff If RAIN COATS Must have tlii> Circalar Trade Mark itamptd in C.nur*""'^.^ lJTm-PEB«^ l«l Edited by HENRY C. PEARSON— Offices. No. 35 West 21st Street NEW YORK.. ?ol. XXXT. Ho. 2. NOVEMBER 1, 1906. 86 CantB a Copy. $8.00 Per Tear. ■•"'•=••- »;^'T.-,fT»; ge:n c p tis. GORHAM RUBBER CO. OAKLAND CAL. FOURTH 8c WASHrNGTON STS. GORHAM RUBBER CO. LOS ANGELES CAL. eie SOUTH BROADV^/^Y r^^g fc^c^r:.ja^-:..:-^^-K?v? ■'■'■'-•-- i.. ;£s:i^ DENVER RUBBER CO. DENVER COLO. COR IGTM fi, WELTOr^ STS. GORHAM RUBBER CO. SEATTLE WASH. 3 « O - I 3 T ttV E . S OU T M . NEW YORK OFFICE ROTHSCHILD BLDC 43 LEONARD ST, CHICAGO OFFICE OGDtN BLDG 34 CLARK ST. Chloride of Sulphur Carbon tetra- chloride Largest Makers in the World. Acker Process Co. Niagar: Fails, N.' see PAGE XXVI. LAMPBLACKS especially for RUBBER MANUFACTUER. SAMUEL CABOT, BOSTON, MASS. II THE INDIA RUBBER WORLD [November i, 1906. MARK OF QUALITY Established 1854. SPECIAL ATTENTION GIVEN TO EXPORT BUSINESS. CORRESPONDENCE AND INQUIRIES SOLICITED. THE CANADIAN RUBBER CO. OF MONTREAL MANUFACTURERS OF LIMITED ALL KINDS OF HIGH GRADE GENERAL RUBBER GOODS, AND SOLE MAKERS OF THE Celebrated ''CANADIAN" Rubbers. We are always open to correspond with experienced Rubber men, both for Factory and Executive Work, Factory and Executive Offices! MONTREAL, P. Q. Inventions kindred to the Trade and ideas for development, invited. Our De- velopment Department gives these matters special attention. Canadian Sales Branches: HALIFAX, N. S., MONTREAL, Que., TORONTO, Ont., WINNIPEG, Man.,REGINA, SASK., CALGARY, Alta., VANCOUVER, B. C, VICTORIA, B.C. D. LORRE HcGIBBOn. HARRISOn C. FROST. Vlce-Pres. tk Manafing Director. 2nd Vice-President. M. C. MULLARKY, Manager Footwear Dept. R. J. YODNGE, Sales Manager. FLEETWOOD H. WARD, Sect.-Treas. B. LOEWENTHAL t^ COMPANY NEW YORK, 136 Liberty St. BUY AND SELL CHICAGO, 162 5th Avenue. "N any grade Cable AJJress •• Gyblowtll " Ntw Y«rk. IMa't Codt Uwd. IN ANY QRADE IN ANY QUANTITY. SCRAP RUBBER Where GOOD Rubber is PLENTIFUL and CHEAP I ■" VERY user of Rubber appreciates the high cost of the raw material. ■^^ All authorities agree that a high price level must exist for years to come. The demand for Rubber increases every day, and many sources of supply are becoming exhausted. The opening of a fresh source, with millions of untapped trees, makes possible a relatively low first cost, and the product will sell at the highest market price. There is money in such a proposition. I®^ Write for details of OUT plan for investing capital in rubber gathering. J^ J& J^ Peru-Para Rubber Co., lO^l Unity building, Chicago. ELECTRIC HOSE & RUBBER CO., WILMINGTON, DELAWARE. MANUFACTURERS OF Hose for all purposes by a new and improved process — made in any continuous length. Vulcanized under pressure. Cannot possibly unwrap or separate between plies. Great strength and durability. Ifention Vm liiAia. Rubber World when you wriU. i=i:es:e3il.z-iI dz co., MILAN, (Italy). General India Rubber, Guttapercha and Asbestos Manufacturers. ELECTRIC WIRES AND CABLES. , Works In MILAN SPEZIA & VILLANUEVA Y QELTRU. (Spain). Export : Agencies in all leading Countries. GRAND PRIX, PARIS, 1900. Grand Prize and 2 Qold Medals, St. Louis, 190.4. Mention The India Rubber World when you write. H. W. JONES, 126 Liberty Street, New York City. BOILER SPECIALIST. Spocial Anti-lncrustators for Rubber Mills. NO CHARGE FOR CONSULTATION. P. C. SMITH, ENGRAVER FOR THE RUBBER TRADE. Lettering, Embossing, Die Sinking, Calender Rolls, and Steel Stamps. WRITE nE FOR QUOTATIONS AND DESIGNS. 42 CHAUNCY STREET, BOSTON, MASS. November i, 1906.] THE INDIA RUBBER WORLD 35 COMPOUNDING RUBBER MILK. W^ 4^.^^ THE INDIA RUBBER PUBLISHING CO. 4^ Published on the Ist of each Month b; No. 35 WEST 21st STEEET, NEW YOEK CABLE ADDRESS: IRWORLD, NEW YORK. HENRY C. PEARSON, KDI roK. HAWTHORNE HILL, ASSOLIA IE. Vol 35. NOVEMBER 1, 1906. No. 2. :lui>auKiPTiONB: $3.au per year, (1.16 Cor six montlis, postpaid, for the United stales and depeiidencle?, Canada, and Mexico. To all oilier coun- tries. j;i..M)(or eiiulvalent funil>'i pel year, postpaid. 4DVKKTI8INO: Kates win be made known on application. COPYRIGHT. 1906, BY THE INDIA RUBBER PUBLISHING CO. Entered at New York Post Office a-i mall matter of tbe second-class. TABLE OF CONTENTS. rA( Editorial: Compounding Rubber Milk The Oooiis Maile of Rubber Ceylon's Rubber Show Second Hand Macliinery A French Suggestion Minor Ivlitorials Acre District Rubber Affairs Americans in Congo Rubber . The Use of Magnesia with Rubber Compounds Wittier Each, Ph. D. Rubber Planting in the Far East The Sources of the Latex of Rubber International Trade in Rubber Goods The India-Rubber Trade in Great Britain... Our lifgular Correspomlint L I he Price of Rubber Si-rap. Seciitl (Ju:ility Surgical Rubber H. Cutien .V Sons. Rubber dillars. Monopoly in Waterproois. ForUi- Li'iniiiK New Book. Notes.] Recent Rubber Patents [United Stales. Great Britain. France.] New Goods and Specialties in Rubber [Or. Decker's Fountain Syringe. Buck-Skin Rubber Lined Tobacco Pouch. Elastic Tread Horseshoe. (Goodrich Surgical Basins Water- proof .-Vutoniobile -Apparel. Colditz Self Renewable Heel. The Has- kcll-Match C.olf Ball. Allen Tire Holders and Cases.] The Late George F. Hodgman [Portrait.] The Rubber Show at Peradeniya Tires at the Vanderbilt Cup Race The Tradein San Francisco A Resirlenl Cnrr'^pnndenl Miscellaneous : .■Mutiiiiiiiiii Flake in Rubber Compounds The ICditor's Book Table Heavy Rubber Footwear in Russia Smooth Interiors for Fire Hose ^ Illuslratioiis The Bristol Recording Cage / III iisl ration Automatic Tape Cutting Machine / Illustration Mexico's Guayule Rubber F'actories Some Wants of the Trade Petrolatum in Rubber Compounding India-Rubber Goods in Commerce Process for .Soling Canvas Shoes / Illustration Sale of Crtide Rubber by .Analysis New Trade Publications The Friction Tape Industry The Cotton Duck Situation !!!.!!!!... Electric Dieing-Out Machine / Iliustration Rubber Plantations Injured News of the American Rubber Trade The Rubber Trade in Trenton Rubber Trade at .\kron Review of Crude Rubber Market .^5 .^6 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 41 43 45 47 61 49 53 54 65 64 38 40 40 49 44 44 46 46 4S 48 52 5.1 55 56 56 56 63 58 57 57 65 'T^HERE is very much interest just now in the Far -L I-'ast, particularly in Ceylon, over the experiments of Mr. Kehvay Banilier in compounding rubber latex. Not a few predict a revolution in rubber manufacture and its removal from the temperate zone, where it now is carried on, to the tropical or sub tropical countries, where rubber is i)roduced. It is not the writer's wish to appear in the slightest degree to underrate Mr. Bamber's ability nor to ignore the excellent work that he has done in connection with cultivated rubber. He is an intelligent, scholarly, inves- tigator, but he does not understand the rubber manufac- ture. If the reports of the general .scope of his processes are to be believed, he takes Para milk, adds to it a pro- portion of sulphur, and, if the goods are to be other than "pure gum", adds also litharge, whiting, lampblack, barytes, zinc oxide, or whatever of the many metallic oxides or earthy materials are called for to produce cer- tain finished goods. This dough he plans to ship to the rubber manufacturer ready for the warmer and the cal- ender or the churn and the spreader. The advantage claimed is that washing, drying, break- ing down, and mixing are accomplished far more easily and cheaply than by the present practice, and therein is a saving in dollars and cents. Just what this saving amounts to per pound is not stated, but it cannot be much. As he is working on Ceylon rubber milk, it is only fair that the basis of compari.son should be Ceylon rubber. As it comes to the market to-day, clean and almost dry, a very short time in the dryer — a few hours — makes it ready for the mixer. It is soft in texture at best and needs little breaking down before the com- pounds are added'. Taken as a whole, it is doubtful if tile cost of handling up to the calender or spreader is yi of a cent a pound. Now against this must be put the cost of freight for the compounds to Ceylon, and the same cost back to the consuming countries, plus Mr. Bamber's cost of mixing. If litharge, whiting, and all the rest of their kin were found wild in the island, or were at present in an ad- vanced state of cultivation, it would be a bit better, but only one compounding ingredient is at present indige- nous to Ceylon and that is graphite, which certainly can- not be added to tire stocks for example. Further than this, how is any one going to compound for factories that have their own formulas, and that do not and can- not explain them understandingly to a scientist thous- ands of miles away ? The rubber manufacturers would never dare to put stock of another man's compounding into their goods, unless at a vastly decreased first cost, and then only after careful test and analysis of each lot. Suppose a few tons of Bamber's red antimony stock for high grade valves was started from Ceylon, in the hold of a steamer that traversed the Indian ocean and the Red sea — not to .speak of the Mediterranean in sum- 36 THE INDIA RUBBER WORLD [November i, 1906. mer? Wouldn't that stock be pretty well vulcanized before it reached the nearest rubber factory ? Suppose further, that Mr. Bamber cabled President Dale of the Rubber Goods Manufacturing Co. (of course in code) : " Have just mixed ten tons Rainbow packing stock, formula 40 per cent. Ceylon milk, 60 per cent. Rainbow, 2 cents a pound, f. o. b. New York. Will you purchase?" Wouldn't the price be too high? There is much more that might be said about the pro- cess, but nothing with the light that we have at pre.sent upon it that leads to a belief in its commercial value. At the same time it is interesting, and the work that Mr. Bamber has put upon it of distinct scientific value, :uid for it he should be congratulated. CEYLON'S RUBBER SHOW. THE GOODS MADE OF RUBBER. EVERY now and then a request comes to hand for a general catalogue of goods made of rubber — some- tliing which will embrace all manufactured articles into which rubber enters. Such a book no doubt would be very interesting to look through, but its practical value would not be such as to tempt a business man to incur the expense of getting it out. Besides, no matter how complete the list might be in manuscript, it would not be complete by the time the printers were done with it, so rapidly do new applications of rubber come to light. To be of practical value, catalogues of goods must relate to the output of a single factory, or the stocks of a single dealer, or at least to the articles belonging to a certain line of trade. A complete list of rubber goods would include pencil tips, deep sea cables, balloons, golf balls, garden hose, beer stoppers, hospital sheeting, automobile tires, wagon springs, combs, telephone receivers, and thousands of other things equally different one from another. And it must be considered that a very large use of rubber is in articles in which it plays a subsidiary part. Even a rub- ber tire is of no use without the wheeled vehicle upon which to apply it. The hose used on railway trains is only a part of the air brake system. And the millions of pounds of rubber packings made every year are valueless except in connection with steam engines and pumps, and when in use the packing is out of sight, where its exist- ence would not be suspected by the uninformed. The fact is that it is not easy always to tell what are and what are not "rubber goods," even assuming that good rubber is used. Men's suspenders would hardly fig- ure as rubljer goods, although every pair worth having contains a certain amount of rubber. No one a.sks for a catalogue of all the goods made of iron, or into which iron enters. There is no list of paper goods. And for the above and many other reasons, it is not probable that we shall soon see a complete catalogue of rubber goods. It would be easier, no doubt, to compile a list of manu- factured articles in which some application of rubber is not involved. OUR congratulations to the first proposer of the Cey- lon Rubber Exhibition ! And to everybody who worked in its development, upon the successful outcome. Congratulations to Dr. Willis, of the botanic gardens, and his colleagues ; to the enlightened government of the colony, for its part in the work ; and to the rubber planters, not only of Ceylon, but of the neighboring States concerned with rubber. One result of the exhibition will be to promote interest among planters in scientific plantation methods, to the end that better returns and larger profits will be gained. It will lead to a wider interchange among the planters of experiences and views, so that all may share in the com- mon fund of knowledge of rubber culture. We take it that man}' rubber manufacturers will now feel a deeper interest in plantation rubber, which will tend both to their interest and that of the planters. One more point is that the holding of the Ceylon exhi- bition will fix a higher estimation in public opinion upon rubber planting, and lead to the more intelligent consider- ation of the subject by investors. It is de.siral)le not only that those with capital to invest shall learn of desirable channels, but that they shall be guarded against mis- takes, and the event at Peradeni\'a should have the effect of bringing to a head, as it were, information on many points connected with rubber, and be the means of dis- pelling the popular ignorance that has prevailed hitherto. Finally, news of the rubber show must in time reach the powers that be in the Amazon valley, and teach them that the world is not bound for all time to depend upon Para for its rubber. Then the Brazilian tax collectors might become less rapacious, and the local governments undertake to do something for the benefit of the rubber traffic, thereby helping themselves, besides promoting the consumption of rubber. SECOND HAND MACHINERY. IN business, as in other departments of life, "straws show which way the wind blows," which remark we are moved to make by the suggestion which reaches us that the condition of the second hand machinery trade may be taken as indicating the prosperous condition of the rubber industry. Not that anybody has suspected a lack of prosperity in the rubber bu.sine.ss ; there have been no important failures for a long time ; new factories are going up and old ones being enlarged ; and the fact that more rubber is being used is a matter of common knowledge. Still, it is pleasant, now and then, to dwell upon the prosperous condition of one's business, and this is why we stop to think over our correspondent's sugges- tion regarding second hand machinery. The point is made that the demand for such machinery is, so to speak, crowding the supply ; there are more buy- ers than sellers. There are people who want machines November i, 1906.] THE INDIA RUBBER ^VORLD 37 at once, instead of waiting for the foundry to fill au order, and they look about to see if there isn't something in the second hand line that will answer. Or a beginner, in a small way, as a matter of economy, buys machinery that has been used once, instead of drawing more heavily upon his capital for new outfit. And why not ? We have an idea that at the beginning of more than one very important rubber factory in this country — and most of them began on a small scale — use was made of second hand machinery. The fact that in the expansion of a rubber works a mill or machine is discarded for a larger one or a differ- ent pattern doesn't imply that the thing is worn out. Otherwise, the second hand dealers wouldn't be eager to pay cash for it, to sell again. If it be true, then, that second hand rubber machinery is growing scarcer, we are quite ready to regard it as indication of activit)' and pros- perity in the industry. A FRENCH SUGGESTION. NUMEROUS industrial papers in France, as for ex- ample one entitled L' Illustration, are more or less hysterical about the rate at which crude rubber is being consumed. Indeed the journal named says that this year the consumption has far exceeded the production. Just how that could be accomplished doesn't appear, hut it makes good reading just the same. The author of the special rubber article referred to, M. Coustet, believes that he has found three solutions for the rapidly approaching rubber famine. One is the utilization of mineral rubber, another is by treating lin- seed oil with azotic acid and forming a rubber substitute, and the third is by producing a substitute by treating tar or oil of turpentine with sulphuric acid. Were these suggestions new to the world of rubber they would be very valuable, but the learned author should know that mineral rubber is already largel)' used, not as a substi- tute for rubber, but as an assistant, and that its most en- thusiastic friends only claim that it helps in certain com- pounds. The same is true of the long line of oil and other sul)Stitutes, which are useful to be sure, but which cannot in any way take the place of crude rubber. The gentleman should have suggested the only feas- ible solution, which is the opening of new wild rubber fields and the planting of greater acreages of rubber pro- ducing trees that have been proved susceptible of culti- vation. Thr I'EAR EXPRivSSED that the new English invention for making an artificial rubber from grain will work hardship on the poor, through the conversion of their food into the rich man's automobile tires, may, after all, prove unfounded. It would appear equally practicable to turn the rich man's tires into the poor man's breakfast cereal whenever the general food supply becomes inconveniently short. By the way, in the way of rubber produced from grain, everybody has read about the corn rubber that the newspapers claim tires are made of. The English inventor might go further. Whj' not make red rubber from beets, jellow rubber from mustard, green rubber from spinach, extra strong rubber from onions, and so on ? In fact, why not utilize all the vegetables ? Wiiv DOES THE British ruiibkr trade continue to com- plain about dullness in the waterproofing trade ? Suppose the demand for mackintoshes and other garments in this class as formerly sold should fall ofif. Cannot the manufac- turers adapt themselves to new conditions? Autoniobiling is on the increase in Great Britain as well as elsewhere; probably that country to-day ranks second in respect of the number of motor cars used. Meanwhile the weather condi- tions in Britain have not changed, and the motorist needs a waterproof coat in nasty weather quite as much as anybody else ever did. ELsewhere the rubber trade appears to be doing a good business in automobile coats. Why is not the same true in England ' Some oi' THE TiRic Ki;i'AiR siioi's which have grown up of late in the larger centers of automobiling are on a larger scale than many earlj' rubber factories that were regarded as very respectable establishments. It is natural that the business of repairing rubber goods should first have been developed in connection with articles so costly as motor tires, but now that such shops have brcome fi.xed institutions, why should not the repair stations take on the mending of rubber goods generally — rubber boots, hot water bottles, mechanical goods, and so on ? The IIACHINE M.\UE RtJBBKK MIDI lias not yet revolution- ized the trade, but it is making progress. It continues to occupy the attention of inventors, and rubber shoes are act- ually being turned out on a commercial scale by the use of niachiner}-. Progress in this direction certainly has been as rapid as at the beginning of the substitution of machine work for t3'pesetting by hand, and yet within a score of years the typesetting machines have come into universal use. Prices realized for plantation rubber at the London auctions have not been so well maintained as on native ParS rubber. For example, the highest price realized for planta- tion rubber during a recent month was 18 cents per pound less than was paid at the same date last year, while the highest price for native Pari was only 10 cents less than in September, 1905. This showing is quite in keeping with predictions made in TliK Indi.v Ruhher World when the Cejlon plantation product first appeared in the market. The price difference between plantation and other rubber has undoubtedly been a trifle higher than was justified by the intrinsic value of the former, and present figures per- haps more accurately gage its appreciation bj' manufactur- ers than did the prices realized at the earlier sales. The impression is widespread in the trade that rub- ber scrap is too high There are those who believe that shoes, for instance, should be had at 4 or 5 cents, instead of in the neighborhood of 10 cents. At the same time, there is no indication that such a decline is near at hand. The situ- ation affords an opportunity for introducing such new gums as Guaj-ule rubber, which manufacturers will hardl3- fail to take advantage of. 38 THE INDIA RUBBER WORLD [November i, 1906. AMERICANS IN CONGO RUBBER. THE management of the Continental Rubber Co. (New- York) have been reticent about giving any informa- tion regarding negotiations currentU- reported for some weeks past to have been pending between American inter- ests affiliated with that company, and the government of the Congo Free State, for the admission of the Americans to a share in the Congo rubber trade. The following state- ment, which appeared in the New York Herald of October 20, 1906, is believed to have been derived from a well in- formed source : News received by cable from London yesterday announced the sailing of Tlionies F. Ryan by the Celtic, of the White Star line, and a successful terniiuatiou of an important trade agreement with the king of Belgium concerning the Congo. This agreement has been under negotiation for two months, and several distorted stories about il have been printed in this country. Little is known in America, except among Mr. Ryan's intimate associates, as to the nature of these negotiations, and these men have persistently refused to discuss the subject. One of them yes- terday admitted, however, that Mr. Rj'an had obtained a firm foot- hold in the Congo Free State for American enterprise, and on broader lines than had been suggested in any of the brief cable despatches announcing the progress of the negotiations in lirus- sels. The agreement, he let it be understood, secured, among other things, to Americans the exclusive right to gather riiljlier over a vast and easily accessible forest area. This tract conceded to Mr. Ryan and his associates is to be im- mediately developed on a scale never before attempted in any field. It was said yesterdaj^ that the Continental Rubber Co., of which Mr. Ryan is a director, has no corporate connection of any kind with what is known as the Rubber Trust, beyond that the trust, in common with other great users of crude rubber, purchases mate- rial from il. The concession assures to the inliabitants of wide and easily accessible areas light and profitable employment under humane American administration. There is a disinclination on the part of Mr. Ryan's associates to give any definite information as to the concessions he has obtained pending his arrival in this country within ten days. The American Congo Co. filed articles of incorporation on October 22, 1906, under the laws of New York state, with a capitalization of $510,000. The incorporators were S. Davis, A. F. Gerbe, and W. II. Thompson. At the offices of the Continental Rubber Co. no statement was forthcoming in relation to the new compan}-, which is regarded by many in the trade as having been planned to cover the operations of the American interest in tlie Congo rubber region. ACRE DISTRICT RUBBER AFFAIRS. ONE of the leading rubber traders from the Acre district was chatting recently with the Editor of The India Rl'BisER World, and said ; "It probably is not appreciated that the rubber gatherers and handlers in our part of South America are waking up more rapidly to the need for im- proved methods and definite knowledge of our business than are any other gatherers of wild rubber in thew-orld. We have in the past suffered so from the fluctuations of Brazilian ex- change that the original owners of rubber concessions have practically passed out of being, the present owners being the active, energetic creditors who are the pioneers and en- gineers of our country. They have long had their eyes on the Far East, and are already experimenting with coagula- ting machines and methods that shall do away with the present wasteful and slow smoking process. It is not gener- ally known, but it is through the smoking of the rubber that the laborer gets most of his fever. This happens be- cause he is obliged to sit near an e.xceedinglj' hot fire for an hour or more, and at the end of that time, no matter what his employer may say, will ])lunge into the nearest stream and cool off too rapidlj' and thus get fever. The rubber liandlers of the Acre are also planning to ship their rubber direct through to New York. This will be a definite saving as the export duty on the rubber is only 12 per cent, as against 23 per cent, assessed in Para or Manaos. Further than this they are at the present time fixing the value of rubber at the beginning of the crop season for the year, so that a man knows exactly what duty he must pay instead of having to depend upon market fluctuation. For this year the duty to be assessed is 3 bolivianos 40 centimes for fine, 2.55 bolivianos for coarse, and 2.10 bolivianos for Caucho. As Bolivian money is very much more stable than Brazilian, it will be seen that the rubber trader is very much better placed than if he were taking his rubber either to Parii or Manaos. " ALUMINUM FLAKE IN RUBBER COMPOUNDS. A VERY curious natural product, which has been de- -^^^ scribed as " an extraordinary geological occurrence, " is what is known as aluminum flake. It is a light powder, absolutely free from grit, with agravity of 2.58 and contains so large a proportion of aluminum that 48 per cent, of metal- lic aluminum has been separated from it successfully. It is a remarkable heat resistant and at the same time highly plastic. It is used to-day by a number of rubber manufac- turers as a substute for zinc oxide, in whole or in part, in nearly all kinds of work where that is used. Rubber manufacturers, who have been questioned about its use, claim that in a tire, for example, it gives greater carrying capacity and doesn't chip at all, it is absolutely inert, it les.sens the gravity of the rubber, and at the same time toughens and gives it life. Aluminum flake was intro- duced to the trade by Mr. Frank Reifsnider, of Akron, Ohio, who is a well known and expert rubber manufacturer, and who is to be congratulated on his success in giving a new and valuable compounding ingredient to the trade. The Anglo-American Rubber Co., mentioned in The India Ribrer World last month as having established a depot at 58, Holborn viaduct, London, for the sale of Ameri- can mechanical rubber goods, are the sole European repre- sentatives of the Peerless Rubber Manufacturing Co. (New York). This is also the European depot of Morgan & Wright (Detroit), the New York Belting and Packing Co., Limited, and Hartford Rubber Works Co. Threlfall Carr Rubber .Syndicate, Limited, has been registered in London, with ^{'5000 capital, to acquire from W. T. Carr provisional protection No. 13,513 (1906) for all the British and foreign rights held by him, and to carry on the business of manufacturing materials used as substitutes for India-rubber and Guttapercha. This is the patent for utilizing cereals as a material for substitutes, referred to in The India Rubber World, October i, 1906 (page 24). November 1906.] THE INDIA RUBBER WORLD 39 THE USE OF MAGNESIA WITH RUBBER COMPOUNDS. By Werner Escli, Ph. D. TO Tins EnrroR oi- Tin-: India Ruhukr Wokli> : The kinds of the calcined Magnesia have in dry state a very dif- issue of your journal of Septemljer 1 mentioned (on ferent volume, but do in fact possess quite the same specific page 389) the use of Magnesia with India-rubber gravity (which must be determined under parafEne oil, be- compounds. (.specially taking notice of some recent cause water has a chemical action on Magnesia, producing papers of Dr. Ditinar. I find that a serious mistake has been hj-drate of Magnesia) it may be pointed out that a ball and a made bj' your correspondent, for he speaks of light carbonate hollow cylinder, which may have quite the same volume and of Magnesia, while the papers of Dr. Ditmar dealt with replace both quite the same quantity of oil or other liquids, heavy calcined Magnesia and light calcined Magnesia, both in a dry accumulation in measuring cylinder tubes will show of them being in a chemical sense oxide of Magnesia. Your (|uite a diflerent " apparent volume ". correspondent in fact confounds calcined Magnesia with By the special structure of the light calcined Magnesia carbonate of Magnesia. The difference of the contents of 100 grams of this material show a volume of 763 cubic cen- pure oxide of Magnesium (Mg O) in both of the technically timeters by dry introduction into a graduated tube for meas- used Magnesia products is very important, carbonate of uring, against 141 cubic centimeters with heavy calcined Magnesia containing between 40 to 45 per cent, of Mg O. Magnesia under the same conditions. Then may be intro- whileo.xide of Magnesium contains 96 to 98 per cent. Mg O. duced into each of the same graduated tubes 100 cubic centi- Only the latter is used as an accelerator of the vulcaniza- meters of heavy mineral oil, and the tubes may be slowly tion, carbonate of Magnesia only being a filler and having heated uutil all air bladders have disappeared : after cool - nearly the same effect together with rubber compounds as iug, the tube containing heavy calcined Magnesia will show whiting has. 127 to 129 cubic centimeters, and the tube containing light It is ^a scarcely known fact that Chailes Goodyear, the calcined Magne.sia 129 to 131 cubic centimeters; that is to pioneer of the vulcanized rubber industrj-, already has made say : the specific gravity of both kinds of calcined Magnesia use of calcined Magnesia in several of his rubber compounds, are practically identical. The same conditions take place, if The use of calcined Magnesia has been confined for a long both kinds of calcined Magnesia are mixed with India-rubber, time to only a few rubber comjiounds, but, by the remark- If one kilogram of heavy calcined Magnesia is introduced able development of the rubber trade, especiall}' the tire in- into a rubber compound, only 1 100 cubic centimeters of air dustry, the industry of open steam cured goods, and the bladders must be driven out, while in introducing one kilo- manufacture of rubber insulated cables, etc., the use of cal- gram of light calcined Magnesia into a rubber compound, cined Magnesia has highly increased. Most of the big rub- one has to dri\e out the high amount of 7300 cubic centi- ber factories in Europe and America can not do without meters. This comparison shows the superiority of heavy this highlj' appreciated chemical. The vulcanization — i.e., calcined Magnesia evidently. "addition " of sulphur to India-rubber, in chemical mean- Comparative experiments on the acceleration of the vul- ing — can easily be accelerated by appropriate additions of cani/.ation by additions of different kinds of Magnesia have calcined Magnesia to the compound in question. Such an thoroughly proved that the heavy calcined Magnesia (special addition is often inevitable especially together with pitch rubber quality Lehmann & Voss brand) has a higher effi- like or soft rubbers in open steam cured compounds. All ciencj' relating to the acceleration of the vulcanization than rubbers with a high amount of resins, such as Mexican any other brand of calcined Magnesia. Ouayule, Cameroon, Assam, Borneo, etc., usually give bet- Two corresponding compounds with additions of 20 per ter goods, if compounded with appropriate additions of cal- cent, calcined Magnesia gave the following coeflBcients of cined Magnesia ; but even the best Bolivian Parfi rubber vulcanization : [ Coefficient of vulcanization means the gets a better tenacit}', if compounded with calcined Magnesia amount of chemically combined sulphur which is calculated than without this accelerator of vulcanization. on 100 parts of pure rubber (free from resins, etc.)]; There exist two kinds of calcined Magnesia; the lieavy Heavy calcined Magnesia, Lipsia brand 4 99!^ ,,,,■,, , • J IT 1 ;., J ■vr„ .;„ ;. „, Heavy calcined Magnesia, Lehmann ^^ Voss 5-42% and the light calcined. Heav}^ calcined Magnesia is pro- - <= r ^ . , .... 1. 1 r «» 1.- t. Corresponding compounds with additions ol 60 percent, duced by calcining heav\' carbonate of Magnesia, which ^, . ,,,, . ,.,..,, . . . r • ■,. t- r I. 4.111 • 1 *• of calcined Magnesia gave the following coefficients of vul- carbonate is won by precipitation of hot Magnesia solutions . . bv hot solutions of soda. The light calcined Magnesia is caniz . .,..,, " , , , ... ., ,. , ^ , ^ c -., , Heavy calcined Magnesia, Lipsia brand 3-9J% produced by calcining the light carbonate of Magnesia, and jj^^^^ calcined Magnesia. Lehmann & Voss 8.05% this light carbonate is the precipitation product of Magnesia Corresponding compounds of 100 reclaimed rubber, 50 cal- solution together with soda solutions, both carefully cooled, (^^-a^^ Magnesia.and 3 sulphur, gave the following coefficients The difference of both kinds of calcined Magnesia concerns of vulcanization ; onl}' the structure, so that light calcined Magnesia in a dry Heavy calcined Magnesia, Lipsia brand 6.91% state seems to have a very big volume, but if the air bladders "^avy calcined Magnesia. Lehmann cS: Voss 9 37% are driven away and the pores of the material filled by intio- F'"^">-' corresponding compounds of loo reclaimed rubber, ducing the light Magnesia into liquids, it is easilv to be seen ^o calcined Magnesia, and 7 sulphur, gave the following co- that the big volume cannot have the expected efi^ect. if light efficients of vulcanization ; , . , ,, -I 11.. n -.t T 1- 11 Heavy calcined Magnesia, Lipsia brand 5-71% calcined Magnesia is kneaded together with India-rubber on Light calcined Ma|ne.sia, Lipsia bran.l 5.76? the mixing rollers. Heavy calcined Magnesia, Lehmann & Voss 6.11J Only to give the reader an idea of the possibility, that both These experiments have been carried out by chemists who 40 THE INDIA RUBBER WORLD [November i, 1906. have been commissioned by the Lipsia chemical works. The false conclusions which have been made by several chemists are based on the fact that, owing to the higher vulcanizing efficiency of the heavj' calcined Magnesia (L. & V.) many samples have been ove>\'ulcanized, which can easilj' be seen by the amount of the coefficients of vulcanization, lender appropriate conditions best results are acquired by the exclu- sive use of heavy calcined Magnesia. All the compounds above mentioned are onlj- for illustration of the efficiency. Haniburjj. Soplt-mber 15, 1906. SMOOTH INTERIORS FOR FIRE HOSE. THE EDITOR'S BOOK TABLE. THE CEYLON HANDBOOK AND DIRECTORN' AND COMPENDIUM OF Useful Information for 1906-07, To which is prefixed a Statistical Sumnuiry for the Colony and Review of the Planting KiUerprise. Up to Jnly, 1906. Compiled and Edile'l under the Super\'ision of J, F"erguson, c. m t^ , M. L. c. Colombo; A, M, & J. Ferguson, 1906. [Cloth, l2ino. Pp. xxxvlll ( 1411. Price, 15 rupees, at Colombo.] THE forty-eighth annual issue of this standard publica- tion not only maintains its reputation for complete- ness, accuracy, and up-to-dateness ; it goes further, through the addition of new features, and merits a new measure of commendation for the Ceylon Obseri'er p&o'pW. its proprietors. One finds here not only a complete handbook of the island, its government, business, and social institutions, but a direc- tory of estates, with their location, owners and managers, acreage, with what planted, and so on. Originally, of course, this information related chiefly to tea, the planting first developed sj'Stematically in Ce3lon, but to-daj- the book is equally complete as to the statistics of rubber, mak- ing it a record of value to all who are concerned in any way in Ce\-lon rubber. THE CULTIVATION OF FICIS ELASTICA.THV. INDIA-RUBBER OF the East. By Claud Bald. Calcutta : Thacker, Spink & Co. 1906. [8vo. Pp. V.-f32-: 4 plates Price 2S. id. net.] The various rubber species under cultivation in Ceylon and the IMala}^ States are regarded by Mr. Bald as less adapted to India than the indigenous Ftais elastica, which by the way, has been planted longer than any other rubber tree. It has not been cultivated anywhere extensively, however, and manj' problems in relation to it have been solved only partially. The object of the author is to sup- ply a treatise in handy compact form, which shall present such facts from authentic sources as will serve as a guide to those contemplating forming rubber plantations, and at the same time a warning against going into the business with- out due regard to the conditions — as of soil, rainfall, eleva- tion, and the like— essential to success. HEAVY RUBBER FOOTWEAR IN RUSSIA. T) EPORTING on the footwear trade in Russia, the United JS. States consul at Vladivostock, Mr. Roger S. Greene, writes: "A very large quantity of rubber overshoes and artics is used, as practically every man, woman and child who can afford to wears them, as they are indispensable against the winter cold and the mudd}' spring. Those now sold here are mostly made at St. Petersburg and at Riga. They are of very thick rubber, especially those for winter use, with a lining of wool or cotton. On account of this thickness the rubbers can be slipped or stamped on without using the bands, not such a trivial consideration, when muddy rubbers must continually be taken off or put on. The most common kind is made with a high front that nearly covers the whole of a low shoe. ' I "*HERE is no longer room for argument to prove the ad- -^ vantage of having ;i smooth interior for rubber lined fire hose. It has long been felt desirable, therefore, that hose should be so woven as to present a minimum of corru- gations inside, since the rubber llnihg tehds, in tiine at THE NEW WAY. The smooth interior weave. This remedies the fault in cotton fire hose of corrugations under pressure. The filling cord also adds strength to the cover. least, to adajit itself under pressure to all the irregularities of the hose surface. A recent improvement in the manufac- ture of fire hose is an attachment to the loom that gives a smooth interior weave. An advantage of this method, apart from the production of a smooth hose, is that the hose is strengthened to an appreciable extent bj' the filling up of the corrugations with the extra cord. It would seem that THE OLD WAY. The old weave. The rubber lining in this weave, if really elastic, will corru- gate under pressure, and as soon as the tube loses its elasticity, it remains corrugated, as in the picture. this would make a marked difference in the stream from a long line of hose on a high building — a difference not only to the firemen but in the pumping apparatus. This new feature in weaving is utilized in the looms of the Eureka Fire Hose Co. (New York). Two illustrations shown here- with will give a clear idea of the difference between the " old " and the " new " methods. The management of the West Jersey and Seashore rail- road have issued an order to the effect that freight hands must wear rubber boots until the}- are thoroughlj- familiar with the third rail electric system, the boots serving as a protection from electric shocks. November i, 1906.] IHE INDIA RUBBER WORLD 41 RUBBHR PLANTING IN THE FAR EAST. Acres, Acres, 1903 1906. 47 2,626 bo i,6go go 6 832 RAl'IU KXTENSION IN CEYLON. AN idea of the great extension of rnbber planting in Ceylon during the past three years may be gained from the following comparison of the acreage in rubber in the principal rubber planting districts, in July, 1906, with the acreage in July, 1903, the figures being compiled from Ferguson's "Ceylon TIatidbook. " Acres, Acres, I'lsTRlCls. 1903- I90<'>. UlSIRlCIS. Galagedera 50 i.SSy Matale Hast. Galle — 3,947 Matale South Kahitara 2,357 15.493 Jlatale West. Kef^alla 159 6,232 Moiiaragala 143 3.497 Kelani Valley .. .4,100 21,701 Passara 31 1,952 Kurunegala 50 3,^78 Raliiapura — 7,<'7o Whereas the rublier phuUed in these districts three j-ears ago amounted to onlj- 7107 acres, the returns at the middle of this year were 77,807 — a ten-fold increa.se — not counting more than 2,000,000 rubber trees, planted under various con- ditions and not included in the reports of acreage. The same rate of increase has prevailed throughout the island, for there is now rubber in 46 of the 57 political divisions. Ferguson's total estimate of rubberplanted was 11,630 acres three years ago, and 103,766 acres in July this 3ear. Of this, 68,364 acres are reported as being in rubber alone, 17,802 in rubber planted with tea, and 7852 acres in rubber planted with cacao The total 103,766 acres is arrived at by adding the rnbber reported by number of trees instead of acres, at an average of 175 trees per acre. These figures do not include any planting done bj- natives. It is estimated by Ferguson that the eventual extent of rubber on Ceylon estates will be 150,000 acres. The increase in the yield of plantation rubber in Ceylon has been rapid, due to new trees coming into bearing and an increase in the rate of yield. Kxports in 1903 amounted to 41,798 pounds. During the twelve months ended June 30, 1906, exports reached 238,647 pounds. The growing interest in rubber in Ceylon is shown further by the number of large companies formed to acquire rubber estates. Selecting only those indicated by their titles as devoted to rubber, Ferguson's company list shows over 70 — a class of companies which did not exist three years ago. Altogether, of the 1583 cultivated estates of all kinds of which Ferguson gives statistics, no fewer than 665 embrace more or less rubber. LONDON OPINION OF RUBBER I'l.ANllNG. The Times of Ceylon's London correspondent writes to his paper: "The position of rubber shares generally is under- going a gradual change here in London, and on the whole a healthy one. We hear very little now of the ' produce-it-for - fourpence-and sell-it-for-6.f. 6rf. ' which was characteristic of the earlier days of the boom. It is now becoming gradually recognized that while the potential profits of rubber jilanting are far greater than those, e.g., of tea planting, even rubber planting is not going to be exempt from its share of the evils which attend all human things. It is being whispered that there are going to be difficulties with labor, that disease is not a contingency to be entirely lost sight of, and above all that the price is not always going to remain at over 6.$. Discuss- ing this last point with a produce broker in close touch with the plantation rubber industry, he remarked that in all prob- ability we should never see 6 shillings again ; the price, he said, had got to come down, and when it did the uses of the article would increase enormously. He thought there would always be a more or less fixed relation between the price of I'ara and of Plantation, but which would be highest in the future he would not undertake to say — everything would depend on whether on further use plantation rubber proved suitable for the general purposes of manufacturers. He thought planters should continue experimenting with smoking and in other ways get their rubber harder." THE SITUATION IN MALAYA. Mention was made in these pages last month of the esti- mate by Mr. Carruthers, in the government service in the Federated Malay States, of the amount of rubber planting there — about 38,000 acres. It should not be considered that the total acreage there is so much smaller than in Ceylon as comparison with Ferguson 's figures would indicate. In the first place, the 38,000 acre estimate is a year old, and much rubber has been planted meanwhile. At the same time, it is probable that some of the Ceylon estimates supplied to Ferguson related to planting in progress at the time that was never carried out. Taking into account the rubber planted in Joliore and the Straits Settlements, as well as in the Federated States, The Times of Ceylon is disposed to re- gard the age in all Malaya as large as in Ceylon. Statistics of yield and export of cultivated rubber in the Federated Malay vStates are not always available promptly. Official figures now to hand show exports during 1905 as follows : Pounds. From Selangor 159,867 From Negri Senibilan 45,467 From Perak 26,666 Total 232,000 The official export figures for Ceylon in 1905 were 168,547 pounds. Since the beginning of this year the exports of cultivated rubber from Malaya have been growing at a more rapid rate than from Ceylon. It may be cau.se for surprise to some readers to learn that the Strait's production exceeds that of Ceylon, but it appears that, wdiile actual planting began first in Ceylon, and afforded a seed supplj' for the Federated States, the planters of the latter section were the most prompt to go into rubber seriously and on an extensive scale. PKIZE RUBBER PLANTATION PRODUCTS. The rubber department of the third joint annual agri. horticultural .show at Singapore, on August !6-i8, is re- ported to have been very interesting. There were many former Ceylon planters present and other well known .Straits planters. The show was opened b3- the governor, Sir John .\nderson, k. c. m. g. The rubber exhibits showed an improvement on last year, this being most marked in curing. They were mostlj- in the form of sheet and crepe, and of the latter there were some verj' fine samples. A sample of block rubber sent in by Mr. Pears, of Lanadron estate, Johore, which took a prize, attracted much attention. 42 THE INDIA RUBBER WORLD [November i, 1906. It was regarded as the best sample of rubber in the show. Rubber was shown by Lowlands, Vallambrosa, Golden Hope, and other estates. Cups were awarded to Highlands and Lowlands estate for Para sheet and rambong (/-'idts) rubber ; Lanadron estate for Para biscuits, Parii crepe and ParA rul)- ber packed in boxes ; Bertram estate, for Pard scraj). Denion,strations were given by the Federated Engineering Co., of Kuala Lumpur, with their washing machines, in the production of crude rubber. It was e.xpected that the rub- ber exhibits would be forwarded to the Ceylon rubber ex- hibition. At the agri-horticultural show held bj- the local branch of the Ceylon Agricultural Society, in Kurunegala district, on August 23, some excellent samples of rubber were exhibited, though there were few competitors for the two prizes offered. The gold medal for Pard biscuits was won by A. S. Long Price, of Delwita estate. Mr. Holloway, of Kepitigala, was awarded the prize for scrap rubber, for really excellent ex- hibits. Among the samples not shown for competition were some Ceara biscuits, brought in by Mr. E. Scott, and which were very favorably commented on. VACUUM DRYER FOR RUBBER MAKING. A VACUUM drying chamber mentioned in these pages some time ago as having been placed on the estate of the Bukit Rajah Rubber Co., Limited, in Selangor, for use in the preparation of rubber, is reported to be working satis- factorily. It is of a size to receive 120 pounds of wet rubber at a charge, about 2 hours being required for the drying of sheets or biscuits. Samples of rubber so dried and sent to London were favorably reported on and are said to have fetched the top price. The rubber is of a somewhat lighter color than air dried rubber. More recently three other es- tates in the Far East have been supplied with vacuum driers for rubber. One of them, the Lanadron Estate, Limited, was awarded a prize for vacuum cured Para crepe rubber at the recent agri-horticultural show at Singapore. At Bukit Rajah the rubber sheets are placed upon perfo- rated trays upon shelves in the heating chamber, and an air pump operated by steam is set to work to produce the vac- uum. After the steam has driven the pump it passes to the heating shelves of the drying chamber and affects the evap- oration. This is an economical method of working, in that it largely does away with the fuel bill for drying. Assuming the quality ef the rubber produced to be all that can be desired, there are two important items of economy' in the use of vacuum drying. One is in the labor cost, since a given lot of rubber requires to be handled and cared for only a small part of a day, as against weeks by other methods, and there is the further advantage of being able to market his rubber so much more promptlj'. The other economical feature is in the great saving of space as against the em- ployment of the typical rubber drjMng room now in use in the East. A single small dryer such as described above, operated 10 hours, would handle 1200 pounds of wet rubber per day or 7200 pounds per week — an amount of material which would require a great deal of space for spreading out on the shelves of a drying room, where it would require weeks to become ready for market. This feature will be- come of great importance when, in the near future, the rub- ber production of the Far East amounts to millions of pounds a year. FEDERATED MALAY STATES. A NKW rubber planting company is the vSungei Kapar, with headquarters at 49, Castle street, Edinburgh, formed to acquire vSungei Kapar estate (i.wS acres) and Brafferton (1000 acres), in Klang district. Federated Malay vStates. On the first named property iioo acres have been planted to Para rubber, and 200 acres, planted in 1907, it is planned to tap next year. A large amount of planting is now under way. The capital is $110,000 [=$535,315], of which no part is available to the public. Mr. W. W. Bailey is one of the directors. RUBBER PLANTING MISCELLANY. A CORRESPONDENT of Ihe Joi/ma/ of the Jamaica Agricul- tural Society, writing in an unfavorable vein in regard to rubber planting, mentions that near Sinis river, in the de- partment of Bolivar, in Colombia, "there exists a rubber plantation of Castilloa elastica, belonging to American capi- talists. They have some 300,000 trees, and the plantation is 15 years old. They began tapping in 1901, but it is re- ported to barely pay the expenses of the place. This, too, in the very district where Castilloa grows wild." The edi- tor of the Journal comments : " It is a fact that of the many American companies got up to plant rubber in Central America, not a few were simply promoted by stockholders for their own benefit, and have not been successful. But this does not at all indicate that the growing of rubber is not, and will not be, a profitable concern, even if only a few- such companies have so far proved paying concerns." Writing of rubber planting in the Congo Free State, in The Financier (London), Arnold H. Malet says that the vines that are being planted under governmental regulations are the Landolphia Owariensis and L. Klainei. He predicts a good 3'ield when these vines come to be tapped, under European supervision, and that the rubber will be prepared with the aid of machinery, instead of the crude methods now in vogue among the natives. The well known rubber machinery makers, Messrs. J. Robinson & Co. (Manchester, England), offer for use on rub- ber estates a two roll washing mill, with rolls 12 inches in diameter by 15 inches long, grooved rolls being supplied for crepe rubber and smooth rolls for sheet. This apparatus does not differ from the washers used in rubber factory work and their introduction in plantation practice is of interest as being along the line of suggestions made by the Editor of The India Rubber World while visiting rubber estates in the Far East. Dr. A. H. Suggett, of Marysville, California, who is in- terested in an important way in rubber planting in Mexico, sailed from New York during the month for Ceylon, with a view to studj'ing methods of rubber culture there. At a recent sale of government lands in Kalutara a num- ber of lots aggregating 780 acres were sold to five purchas- ers, for rubber planting, at an aggregate of 79,600 rupees [=$25,824.89 gold], or an average of $33.10 per acre. The administration report for Kalutara district, Ceylon, for 1905, states that the output of plantation rubber during that year was 45>559 152,815 Total $200,531 8252,956 $472140 Imports into Canada of goods under the same heading were in value as follows : From— 1904. 1905- 19C6. Great Britain $361,666 $174,281 $99224 United States 606,756 616,435 640,981 Other countries 25,740 26,071 31,690 Total $994,162 $816,787 $771,895 MEXICO'S GUAYULE RUBBER FACTORIES. A PROCESS for making hard rubber articles patented by William R. Sine (United States, No. 831,998) consists in taking a fabric saturated or filled with a rubber compound, subjecting this fabric to a hardening or stiffening treatment to permanently harden it, applying the center layer of rubber compound to the stiffened fabric, placing the permanently hardened or stiffened fabric with the layer thereon within a suitable mold, and vulcanizing. A patent granted to Carl A. R. Steenstrup (United States, No. 830,260) relates to a process of devulcanizing India-rub- ber having fabric insertions, which consists in suppUing an aqueous alkaline solution and hydrofluoric acid to the mass of divided India-rubber in a closed vessel, heating the mass and stirring the same for a protracted period required to de- vulcanize the rubber and destroy the fabric insertion, and afterward washing and drying the material. "O KGARDING published rumors that a corner of guayule -*-^ rubber interests in Mexico by two rival companies, Mr. W. H. Stayton, a vice president of the Continental Rub- ber Co., said recently, according to the Mexica/i Herald, that at least his company was making no such effort. With so many interests at work as are now engaged in producing and marketing guayule rubber, said Mr. Stayton, there is little chance of any one concern cornering the product. The Continental Rubber Co., said he, are developing their holdings of guayule in Mexico, and their three factories, at Torreon, Acampo, and Saltillo, are being run at full capacity. In addition to this, he mentioned a dozen other factories at work, all independent of the Continental company. They were the Anglo-Mexicano company, operating a fac- tory at Jimulco and two at vSaltillo ; the Madero interests, having a factorj* at Parcas and two others under construc- tion ; the Coahuila Mining and Smelting Co., with a factory at Viesca ; the National Rubber Co., at Torreon; and the following, also each with a factory at Torreon : the McGreg- ors, the Clement Jacques interests, and the Torreon Rubber Co. Besides, the Valdespine interests are building a factory at Torreon. In regard to reports of a new organization to compete with the companies already in the field, Mr. Stayton thought that there would be difiiculty in securing guayule lands, since all such lands near transportation facilities are now controlled by one or other of the companies mentioned. Even now the Con- tinental company are having guayule shrubs conveyed, to one of their factories, for more than 100 miles by burros. As the burro must also carry food and water for several days' sup- ply, and his total load does not exceed 200 pounds, it will be seen that convej-ance of shrubs by this means is slow and expensive. The Continental company are using four patents — those of Garza, Delafond, Lawrence, and Hunicke. SOME WANTS OF THE TRADE. [3*'J] \ PIANO manufacturing company write : " We are -^"^ in the market for a large amount of rubber tub- ing, elbows, matting, etc. Please send us The Indi.\ Rub- ber World." [3.50] A German firm write ; " We should be very grateful for the addresses of manufacturers of spiral gas tubing." [3."»1] A subscriber writes : " Did you ever hear of a prep- aration called ' Adhesia ' ? I am told it is made in Boston. " [S.jS] An advertiser says : "I have an enquiry for a source of supply for wheels for roller skates made out of material called Hematite which my friend explains is some- what similar to hard rubber. I would be obliged if you would kindly inform me where these may be purchased." [3.5 !] A well known rubber company wishes to be in- formed where thej- could secure samples and prices on fruit jar ring cartons. [354] " Can you let us know who manufactures machines for testing the tensile strength of rubber, " writes one of our advertisers. Russia's exports of rubber footwear to Germany in 1905 amounted in value to 2,131,000 rubles [=$1,107,765] and iu 1904 to 1,991,000 rubles [=$1,025,365]. November i, 1906.] THE INDIA RUBBER WORLD 47 THE INDIA-RUBBER TRADE IN GREAT BRITAIN. By Our Regular Correspondent. R1£F1';k1';XCES to the high prices which rubber manu- facturers have to pay at the present time for rubber scrap have been commented on by our London con- temporary, and Mr. Ernest E. Buckleton has sug- gested that the matter should come up for consideration at a special meeting of manufacturers. I don't THE PRICE OF k„o\v whether or not this latter has had any RUBBER SCRAP. , . , ,, r ,■ response, but it appears to be the leeling in the waste and reclaimed rubber trade that no good could be effected by any such meeting. The present high prices result from the ordinary laws of supply anil demand, and any artificial regulation of prices seems doomed to failure. Though the selling prices have certainly gone up during the last year or two, the dealers are emphatic that their profits have decreased. Owing to the largely increased number of collectors, and the competition amongst dealers, much higher prices are now paid bj' the latter than was formerly the case. It is understood that one prominent dealer suggested to the principal buyers that thej' should undertake to buy all their requirements of scrap rubber from him for a certain period of time, and he would cause prices to come down 20 or 30 per cent, all right. Nothing seems to have come of this proposi- tion, and anyhow it does not seem to have caused any alarm among the other dealers. One of the latter said that in the event he would at once raise his price to collectors 10 per cent, and so cause a diversion in the course of the traffic. Again it is pointed out that England is not by any means the onlj- available market, as indeed higher prices can gen- erally be obtained on the Continent, where there is an increasing demand. It was suggested to me very forcibly the other day that some one ought to start an agitation with a view of getting a law passed with the object of ensuring SECOND QUALITY jj^^j nothing but pure rubber should be SURQICAL RUBBER. " ' used m such cases as the accessories of feeding bottles. It was also suggested that the large infan- tile mortalitj' in our large towns was at least accelerated by the cherubs sucking in the decomposition products of substi- tute. There] may not be much in all this as far as the death rate is actually concerned, but I certainly am of opinion that such rubber goods should be made only of pure sheet rubber, and not of the lower priced qualities which contain substi- tute. It is notorious that medical men nowadays complain of the quality of surgical rubber goods, saying that they are not as reliable as they used to be. The manufacturers no doubt will reply that the doctors will buy in the cheapest market. Still, the matter may easily prove a serious one, and as long as the goods are sold under the name of rubber, and nothing is said as to admixture of other bodies, I think that in the event of anything serious happening the manu- facturer or dealer cannot expect to escape all consequences. It i.'-' suggested that second quality surgical rubbers should be made of a distinctive color, so that no confusion maj- arise in the mind of the buyer or user. This might not prove readily feasible, even did the suggestion meet with support, but the whole matter certainly seems to warrant considera- tion, and it may be taken for granted that old established British firms would welcome any publicity which would show up the competition to which they have been subjected of late years by foreigners. The case is different from goods made of compounded rubber. With regard to the lat- ter, more particularly of insulated cables, the suggestion that rubber goods should come under a law like the Food and Drugs act met with a good deal of derision. In such cases the publication of formulas would benefit the trade at the expense of the individual who has achieved success probably at great pains and expense. Where, however, the health of the public may be supposed to be in jeopardy owing to the use of inferior goods, then it would seem to be in the com- mon weal to put such goods under some such supervision as is exercised over the dealers in food and drugs. Although the management of this Manchester proofing works is now in the hands of a receiver, it must not be assumed that the business is in a parlous condi- B. COHEN jJQj, Indeed, I have it on good authority that & SONS. . . ^ , an examination of the books shows thtt the home business has been regularU' conducted at a substan- tial profit, despite the very adverse condition which the proofing trade generally has experienced of late years. The difficulties in which the firm found itself involved seem to have been enlirelj' due to the failure, or it w-ould probably be more correct to say, the mismanagement, of the Canadian branch. This firm is not the only British one which has found the Canadian business turn out unprofitable after an encouraging .start. No doubt a complexity of causes are at work in such cases, but I am informed on good authority that it is no use trying to do business direct with customers ; the Canadian middleman is a j)ower in the land and those who seek to do without him will court disaster. There may or may not be much in this, but my informant was emphatic in the opinion that there was plenty of good business to be done, if put through the hands of Canadian dealers. I CANNOT say that I have yet purchased any of these sub- stitutes for linen, but in holiday resorts this season I have been notified of their existence on several occa- RUBBER sions, and have heard their praises sung by COLLARS. , ,,,.,,, r tourists who are not troubled with lack of means. With the athlete, reduction of baggage is a prominent desire, and the fact that one or two of these collars take the place of a dozen starched linen ones is looked upon as a decided advantage. Under this title a paragraph has appeared in several newspapers relating to a monopoly obtained by a British firm in Abyssinia. From inquiries made MONOPOLY ^^ (3 Bloom street. Manchester, I am en- IN WATERPROOFS. abled to state that the concession granted by the emperor of Abyssinia to Mr. Hassib Ydlabi, of Has- sim Ydlabi & Rehan, of Bloom street, has been taken over by a newly formed company called the Ethiopian Rainproof ;Monopoly Co., with a capital of /ioo,ooo. I am informed that it is only proposed to deal in rainproof goods, and that though the company is British in its origin, buying in the cheapest market will be a prominent feature in its trading routine. The monopoly is for 25 years. The climate of Abyssinia varies considerably according to locality. The country is by no means all of the sandy desert jiatvrc 48 THE INDIA RUBBER WORLD [November i, 1906. associated with North African regions ; there are wooded districts where a heavy antuial rainfall obtains. Now that railways are making their influence felt in the extension of commerce in the country, there is likely to be a good deal of competition between business firms of England, France, and Germany. It is a commonplace that the Ethiopian cannot change his skin, but there is no saying what an ad- vanced education may not cause him to change in his attite, and it will be to the benefit of the new company to persuade him that he is incomplete without a rainproof coat. Messrs. Archibald CoNST.iMiLE & Co., Limiteh, the well known London publishers, have in preparation a new .series of technical works dealing with the FORTHCOMING ^^.jrious industries and manufactures. One of NEW BOOK. . , , , , ... the volumes will be devoted to rubber and its manufacture. The name of the author doubtless will be announced shortly. Under the name Macintosh Tyre Co., a company in close business connection with Charles Macintosh & Co., Limited, but of distinct management, has been formed, NOTES. presumably to forward the interests of and to deal in the motor tire with which the rubber firm have been experimenting for some time. From those who have used this tyre I hear nothing but favorable reports, but the mak- ers have been in no hurry to push the sale until the extended trials which they themselves initiated had satisfied them of its efiBciency.==I understand that Mr. James E. Baxter and friends have rented one of the islands of the Orkney group this autumn, good mixed shooting being the princi- pal attraction. PETROLATUM IN RUBBER COMPOUNDING. THE use of petrolatum or vaseline as a rubber compound- ing ingredient has become very general, especially in the mechanical goods and reclaimed rubber manufacture. It is one of the numerous products of petroleum or rock oil derived by distillation. These products are classed as fol- lows : Light oils, including gasoline and naphtha. Illuminating oils, kerosene. Residuum or tar. From the latter subdivision is separable, by further in- crease of heat, heavy lubricating and paraffin oils, among which are petrolatum or vaseline, and coke as a waste pro- duct. Petrolatum is considered to be a mixture of paraffin and volatile oils. It is separated from the residuum of crude petroleum which has been subjected to the vacuum process of distillation in contradistinction to the "cracking" pro- cess by which some of the natural constituents are chemi- cally broken up to form new bodies. The residuum being kept fluid by steam, the finelj' divided coke resulting from the distillation is allowed to settle out and the clear oil drawn off and filtered through bone charcoal contained in cylinders, in order to remove the color and odors contained in it. Sometimes the oil recovered from the residuum is treated with sulphuric acid and potassium bichromate for the removal of certain impurities before the filtration through bone charcoal. This is said to be the German process. Petrolatum gains much of its value from its indifference to all chemical treatment, thus resetnbling paraffin very closely. It is generally familiar as a dense product, pale yellow, trans- lucent, slightly fluorescent, semi-solid melting at about 100° Fall., and having a specific gravity of 0.850. Its chemically inert quality peculiarly adapts petrolatum to use in rubber compounding where a non-oxidizing lubricant and softener is needed to facilitate the manipulation of harsh or dry com- pounds, and which will not subsequently develop in the finished goods injurious or other inconvenient qualities. Simple softening of rubber any oil will accomplish, but for all around adaptability petrolatum excels all others. For many j'ears palm oil was considered to be the best oil for compounding purposes, because it is a vegetable oil and solid at ordinary temperatures. Vegetable oils were gener- ally conceded to be the least injurious to rubber. The prin- cipal objection to palm oil in this connection is its tendency to oxidi/.e and nothing with that quality is desirable as a compounding ingredient, since oxidation is fatal in its effects on rubber goods. Petrolatum is absolutely tree from this objection and leaves nothing to be desired in its quali- ties as a lubricant. Ordinarily 2 or 2', per cent, of petro- latum is sufficient in any compound where its presence is needed, although 5 or even 7 per cent, may be employed in special cases. Cheap goods containing petrolatum will withstand drying out or hardening with age, a similar effect being produced bj' the use of soft coal tar. As regards the item of economy, petrolatum commends itself to the rubber manufacturer when considering the use of an oil ingredient in compounding. For all ordinary pur- poses, everything except perhaps the whitest goods, the dark filtered stock is entirely suitable and the price will be less than the light filtered stock. The use of patrolatum and all other oils should be strictly under control and ordinary workmen never be permitted to have access to them, otherwise irregularities of compounding so numerous and complicated as to be past finding out, may result from their indiscriminate use for doctoring burnt stock and stock difficult to run on the machines. INDIA-RUBBER GOODS IN COMMERCE. EXPORTS FROM THE UNITED STATES. OFFICIAL statement of values of exports of manufac- tures of India-rubber and Gutta-percha, for the month of August, 1906, and for the first eight months of five calen- dar years : Months. Belting, Packing, and Hose. Boots and Shoes. All other Rubber. TOTAI.. August, 1906 January-July $136,709 663,536 Si73,Si2 6i5,'54 $ 290,586 1,803,512 $ 601,107 3,082,202 Total {800.245 755,988 570,972 568,797 459871 ?7SS 966 767.775 651.392 507,^97 524,629 $2,094,098 1,918,481 1,600.574 1,655,396 1,298,132 $3,683,309 3,442,244 2,822,938 2,732,090 2,282.652 Total, 1905 Total. 1904 Total, 1903 Total. 1902 " Ri'BBER IS King. " — The rubber supply of the future will have to expand greatly in order to meet the demands of the motor vehicles, all of which have to roll on that elastic gum or quit business. " Rubber is king " may be a watchword one of these days, plucking the crown away from ootton, which wore it so proudly and so long. — AVjc Vori: Tribune. November i, 1906.] THE INDIA RUBBER 'WORLD 49 NEW GOODS AND SPECIALTIES IN RUBBER. \ \ 1 .''a.- t DR. DECKERS FOUNTAIN SYRINGE. A RADICAL departure from the general construction of syringe nozzles has been made in the self-retain- ing and non-plugable nozzles of Dr. Decker's in- vention. The number of openings makes possible most thorough Hushing, and the canal through the center furnishes an exit for waste water. If, however, it is desirable for the water to be retained, the canal may be filled with non-absorbing cotton. It will be observed, by the illustration, that jS^gr. the openings are not confined to the B^^P large end of the nozzle, but, also, ex- ^H^r tend about the margin of the extended liV portion of the nozzle. As it is rotated ^S an effective cleansing is obtained. II The rectal nozzle has four openings II (none on the end) so it is impossible to plug them. [Hygeia Nursing Bottle Co., ButTalo, New York.] BUCKSKIN RUBBER LINED TOBACCO POUCH. The manufacture of tobacco pouches has long formed an import. lilt ittin in the i uMii i trade in Kngland, for every Britisher loves a pipe, and naturally wel- comes a convenient and serviceable recep- tacle for his tobacco. Besides, there is a de- mand for attractive pouches, and there are many smo k e r s to whom expense is no object. The cuts here- with relate to a splen- did line of tobacco pouches, manufac- tured by a leading British firm. It is a buckskin rubber lined pouch. The covering may be of any kind of fine skins — antelope, seal, snake, lizard, or the like. Some of these pouches are very or- nate, and can be had embellished with gold plates, for initials or monograms. [Charles Macintosh & Co., Limited, Manchester. ]== A tobacco pouch recently brought out by another firm, also English, and called the "Diana," while of the same general type as shown in the illustrations, possesses some distinct features in construc- tion. It can be opened wider than other pouches, enabling the pipe to be filled conveniently by dipping it into the tobacco, there being thus less liability to spilling. Besides, the flap closes automatically with the pouch, and retains the contents with absolute security. AN ELASTIC TREAD HORSESHOE. The horseshoe illustrated here consists of an elastic tread section, within which is located a skeleton frame of metal, conforming to the contour of the rubber part. The frame is provided with apertured otTsets, whereby when the tread section is cast on the frame, the different parts will be firmly united, and with downwardly ex- tending stop plates on the toe portion of the frame, and between which the material of the elastic tiead sec- tion is held. To add further to the comfort of the horse, the upper surface of the shoe may be covered with a cushion material, such as leather. The illus- tration relates to a bar shoe, though Ih;. luvxuli^ii is .idapl- able to other forms. It shows a portion of the elastic tread removed, to give an idea of the constritction of the metal frame. United States patent No. 772,050, granted to F. D. Palmer and .\lfred H. Isham. GOODRICH SURGICAL BASINS. One of the chief requisites of successful surgical opera- tions lies in having recourse to every possible means whereby facility, con- venience, and cleanliness are enhanced. Rubber surgi- cal accessories have been more and more resorted to as meeting these requirements, until now the list is indeed a long one. For example, pus basins, such as those shown in the illustration, have been tested and found most satis- factory to operators, nurses, and patients. The foundation consists of a soft brass rim .5s of an inch wide, rubber cov- ered. The body of the basin is made of pure strong gum. They can be shaped to conform to any surface and when pressed against or tied to the body fit so snugly that no fluid can get between the basin and the skin. They are made in 6 inch and S inch sizes, and they can be folded in compact little packages. [The B. F. Goodrich Co., Akron. Ohio.] 50 THE INDIA RUBBER WORLD [November i, 1906. WATERPROOF AUTOMOBILE APPAREL. A RinnKK proofed coat for aiitomobilists' use that prom- ises to become very popular is shown in the illustration. It is called a Poncho Coat and is de- signed for men's wear, on lines that are for con- venience rather than style. Through the cas- ing around the neck a ribbon is drawn, which serves to fasten the coat snugly and admits of no jiossible place of tutry for the rain. The same firm (Saks «& Co., New York), offer many other spe- cialties in auto- mobile apparel, for men and wo- men, boys and girls. Something new is a water- proof coat for growing girls, designed for use for more than one season. It is described as a shirt coat, and is draped looseh' from the shoul- ders without de- fined lines, so that it may be of service long after a closer fitting garment would be MOTORISTS' PONCHO COAT. outgrown. The yoke is elastic, which leaves the coat without a vulnerable point for the raiu, wind, or dust. The seams are sewed and !t|ien cemented. Similar coats are made for growing boys. THE COLDITZ SELf- RENEWABLE HEEL. Si NCK heels were first used on shoes, whatever the mate- rial, the}' have been stationarj', but there has now been brought out a renewable and interchangeable heel. The heel plate is about ^^ of an inch deep and has turned-up flanges. It is countersunk to a corresponding depth in the heel of the shoe and is fastened thereto with five tacks. The side plate with punched-through flanges is secured to the detachable heel. It is fastened to the heel either with tacks (when half a heel made of leather is wanted), or with rivets (when a rubber heel is wanted). When a top plate only is wanted it is attached by means of projected edges which are clinched into the heel plate. H. M. Colditz, of Milwaukee, Wisconsin, is the inventor. THE Ha.SKELL-MATCH GOLF BALL. It is not so many years, measured b}' the average lifetime, since the " ancient and royal " game of golf was introduced into the United States. Yet the game wherever pla^-ed has been revolutionized by the introduction of the rubber cored ball, due to the disposition of the American never to be satisfied with the established order of things, but to try to invent something new. The Haskell ball was the pioneer in this field, and it still holds a commanding position. Reference is made to it now for the reason that the manufac- turers, alive to every opportunity for raising the standard of their product, have brought out their ball with a new finish, and are marketing it under the brand " Haskell-Match. " [The 15. F. Goodrich Co., Akron, Ohio.] ALLEN TIRE HOLDERS AND CASES. .•^N article for motorists' use that for convenience and adaptability, it will be hard to excel, is found in a self- adjusting tire holder now on the market. Instead of having a stationary capacitv the holders illustrated herewith will carry ALLEN'S TIRE HOLDER. any size from 3 '< inch up to two 5-inch shoes. .\ little ratchet device furnishes the means whereby this extension is acquired. These holders are made of highly polished special bronze. The fact that the holders can be re- moved when not in use adds to the appearance of the car, and the re- moval can be effected by merelj' taking out the screws which hold it, requiring but a mo- ment or two. That this does does not detract allen's tire cover. from the security of the attachment is a matter for consider- ation. The Tire Cases, also illustrated, are said to be abso- lutely dust, oil and water proof. They fit securely being fastened with ball and socket and are made in all colors of enameled duck. The cut is to fit each make and size of tire, [The Allen Bag and Specialty Co., No. 1931 Broadway, New York.] November i, 1906.] TtiE. INDIA RUBBER WORLD 51 RliCENT RUBBER PATENTS. J IdJc- .l/il)As. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. ISSUKB SKl'TliMUKR 4, 1906. NO. 829,952. Syriiijie [Surgical]. W. M. Dean, Chicago. 829,979. Ilernietic closure for luml)lers. \V. A. Loreiiz, Hartford, Conn. 829.9S1). Hernielic closure for tumblers. Same. 829,981. Ilerinelic closure for tumblers. Same. 830,005. Vulcanizer. I<. E. Rice, Cerlar Falls, Iowa. 830,133. Horseshoe. W. J. Connally, Atlanta, Ga. 830,167. Fruit jar ring. F. C. Pelster, Omaha, Nebr. 830,250. Cushion insole for shoes. C. II. I'eeble. Chambersburg. Pa. 830,260. Proce.s.s for devulcani/.ing India-rubber. C. A. R. Steen strup, assignor to .Vktie.sclskabet Gunimi-RegenerationsSoci etet, System Resen Steenstrup), Copenhagen, Denmark. 830,267 Vehicle tire. W. Westney, Scotland, Conn. 830 403. Horseshoe. R. Barclay, Youngstown, Ohio. 33O1458. Boot or shoe heel. J. B. Sheeliau, New York city. 830,467. Non slipping tire. M. Vivian, Cheswick, London, Eng- land. Trade Marks 537. E. G. Soltmann, New Y'ork city. The words PAR EXCEL- LENCE. For rubber erasers. 8,841. Revere Rubber Co., Boston. The word SECURITY. For belting, hose, and machinery packings Issued Sei'Ticmher ii, 1906. 830,488. Wheel tire [in sections]. N. Beck with, Somerville, Mass. 830.581. Infiate'd ball. C R. Fleischman, Chicago. 830.582. Inflated ball. Same. 830,661. Pneumatic knee pad. E. G. Greshani, Duncdiu, New Zealand. 830,664. Storm lop for vehicles. W. .\. Hunter, Terre Haute, Ind. 830,695. Process of and apparatus for manufacturing lined metal- lic hose. E. Witzenmann, Pforzheim, Germany. 830,858. Piston rod packing. .K. L. Shaffer, Omaha, Nebr. 830,873. Cushion tire for vehicle wheels. L. H. Barry. Durango, Mexico. 830,885. Valve attachment for fountain pens. V . O. Conill, New York city. 830.889. Atomizer. C. J. Davol, assignor to Davol Rubber Co.. Providence. R. I. 831,004. Inhaler. F. E. Jousset and .A. D. Jousset, New York city. Design. 38,238. Rubber matting. K. J. Whisler, assignor to Goshen Rub- ber Works, Goshen, Ind. (?/«/?«. — Ornamental design for rubber matting. Trade 3farks. 3,662. I. B. Kleinert Rubber Co.. New Y'ork city. The words THE BEST WARRANTED KLEINERT. For dress shieUls. 8.834. Revere Rubber Co.. Boston. The word VIGILANT. I'or belting, hose, and machinery packings. 8.835. Revere Rubber Co., Boston. The word PILOT. For belting, hose, and machinery packings. 19,286. Dr. Pierre Chemical Co., Chicago, 111. The word PHENO. For syringes. I.SSUED September 18, igo6. 831,041. Process for purifying Chicle gum, or other adhesive. S. A. Davis and F. V Canning, New York city. ^3ii099 Packing. C. Restein, Philadelphia. 831,199 Combined eraser and brush. J. H. Ezmanu, Jr., Brook- lyn, N. Y. 8311358- Hose coupling. J. T Lally, Wilmington, Del. Design. 38,241. Rubber fabric. J. Hardman, Jr. Belleville, N. J., assignor to The International .\uloniobile and Vehicle Tire Co. Claim. — Ornamental design for rubber fabric. 8.836. Revere Rubber Co., Boston. The word COLUMBIA For belting, hose, and machinery packings. 8.837. Same. The word BURRO. 8.838. Same. The word HARLEM 8.839. Same. The word EMPEROR. 8.842. Same. The word ZENITH. 8.843. Same. The word ULYSSES. 8.844. Same. The words OLD HICKORY. 8.845. Same. The word GINGO [All the preceding for belting, hose, and machinery packing.] Issued September 25 1906. 831,537. Elastic check loop. C. .A. Cornell, assignor to Berkshire Specially Co., Pitlsfield, Mass. 831,586. Rim for vehicle wheels. [For holding pneumatic tire.] F. .A. Wilcox, Akron, Ohio. 831,623. Inhaler. F. B. Murphy, Logansport, Ind. 831,632. Means for removably attaching tires upon vehicle wheels. J. C. Schleicher, Mount Vernon, N. Y. 831,831. Artificial bait H. C. Clippinger, assignor to M. E. Metzger and D. W. Brown, of .\kron, Ohio. 831,891. Rescue buoy. J. C. Quarternian, Titusville, Fla. 831,920. Artificial hand for playing chords. B. E. Amend, Port- land, Ore. 831.975- Horseshoe. C. I). Murphy, Kingston, Minn. 831,998. Hard rubber articles. W. R. Sine, Williamsport, I'a. Trade Mark. 4,652. The Goodyear Tire and Rubber Co., Akron, Ohio. The word GOODY AR and a foot of mercury. For horseshoe pads, rub- ber tiling, and rubber heels and soles for boots and shoes. (Note.— Printed copies of specifications of United States patents may be ob- tained from The India Rubber World ofBce at lo cents each, postpaid.] GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND. Patent Specikic^tioiNs Puhushed. The number given is that assigned to the Patent .Tt the tiling of the Applica- tion, which in the case of those listed below was in 1QO5. * Denotes Patents for American Inventions. [Abstracted in the Illustrated Official Journal, August 29, 1906 ) *9,o54 (1905). Method of attaching elastic tires to rims. C. Motz. Akron, Ohio. *9,o55 ( 1905). Life saving appliances [consisting of a double wal- led sleeve, for wearing upon the arm, containing an inflated bag, and provided at the end with webbed gloves]. T. J. Hruby and T. J. Jirik, both in Chicago. 9,072 (1905). Joint-making packing. P. Schou, Copenhagen, Denmark. 9,169(1905). Pneumatic tire. J. Bolton, London. 9,206 (1905). Hose pipe for suction dredgers. J. Taube. Riga, Russia. 9.567(1905). Means for securing revolving rubber pads to heels of boots. J. Wilkinson and A. Wilkinson, Manchester. [Abstracted from the Illustrated Official Journal, September 5, 1906. 1 9,616(1905). Sole and heel protector. J. Latham, Farnworth, Lancashire. *9,67S (1905). Rubber sole with non slipping device. P. M. Jus- lice, London. (Grieb Rubber Co., Trenton, New Jersey.) 9.738(1905). Means for securing rubber studs in soles and heels of boots so that they are watertight. .\. Miles, Cardiff. *9,78i (1905). F'ountain pen. O. E. Weidlich, Cincinnati, Ohio. 9,801(1905). Pneumatic tire [protected by a chrome leather cover]. K. C. Goodman, Reading. *9,886 (1905). Pneumatic tire. I. Tennant, Springfield. Ohio. 9,920 (1905). Elastic tire. A. E. Evans, Newport, Shropshire. 9,985 ( 1905). Pneumatic tire. [Device for preventing skidding consists of a metallic linked chain having hooked ends which takecross bars shaped flatter than the contour of the tire.] G. S. Sayner, Harrogate, Yorkshire. 10,067 (1905). Apparatus for administering electricity for medici- nal purpo.ses. G. J. Macaura. Bradford, Yorkshire. 10,077 (l905). Outer cover for pneumatic tires [composed of a 52 THE INDIA RUBBER WORLD [November i, 1906. number of segmental pieces of leather sewn together in pairs and then sewn end to end] . h. Cox. Birmingham. 10,166 (1905). Fishing bait. I,. A. Crossle, London. [Abstractbd in thb Illustrated Official Journal. Sf.i'tembkr 12. 1906.] 10,244(1905). Overshoe for golfers. G. C. de Rinzy, Georgetown, Demerara, British Guiana. 10,393 (I905)- Means for securing clastic tires to rims. S. Simp- son, Kxeter. 10,401 (1905). Bottle stopper. [Relates to a bottle for holding liquid required to be witlulrawn drop bj- drop, the liquid being remos-ed through a flexible rubber appliance .ittached to a rod fixed in the cork.] K Zum Tobel, Ravensburg, Germany. 10.499 (1905). Pneumatic tire [secured to the rim by forcing the edges apart by the action of a wedging strip, which is tight- ened by a screw passing through the rim]. W. T. Smith. Bolton, Lancashire. 10.500 (1905). Means for securing metal treads to rubber tires by studs. Same. 10,613 (1905). Elastic tire. W. B. Hartridge, London. 10,662 (1905). Pads for curing headache by applying pressure to the temples. S. A. Bhisey, Islington, London. •10,673 ('905)- Fountain pen. J. Blair, New York city. ♦10,678 (lyos). Resilient protector for elastic tires. [Con.sists of separated circumferential metal rings, and an outer circum- ferential metal tread ring, the whole sprung into position and retained without additional securing means.] E. Krebs, Albany, New York. [Aestractf.d in the Illustrated Official Journal, Septkmber 19. 1906.] * 10.754 (1905). Vacuum cleaning apparatus. A. E. Moorhead, Oakland, Calif. *io,778 (1905). Pneumatic tire [consisting of a series of resilient annular tubes arranged inside a tubular cover]. G. S. Squires, Boston, Massachusetts. 10,823 (1905). Tool for removing and replacing pneumatic tires. L. Mellor, Tideswell, via Buxton, Derbyshire. 10,836 (19051. Fountain pen. G. W. Hughes, Birminghrm. 10,859(1905). Golf ball. [In order to diminish the spin given to a ball when it is sliced in driving, and to assist putting by caus- ing a ball to come to rest quickh- when it begins to slowdown, the ball is formed with a central cavity partly filled with mer- cury. The ball consists of an elastic steel globe, enclosed in a casing of Gutta-percha.] R. P. Wilson, Westminster. 11,236(1905). Elastic tire. [Segmental rubber tires fitted be- tween transverse partitions on the rim.] A. F. Stevenson, Warrington, Lancashire. PROCESS FOR SOLING CANVAS SHOES. THE FRENCH REPUBLIC. Patents 363,029 ( Feb. 6, I 363.182 (Jan 27) 363,113 (Feb. 9). 363,121 (Feb. 9). 363,154 (Feb. 12), 363.178 (Jan- 24)- 363,188 (Jan. 30). 363,225 (Feb. 12) 363,338 (Feb. 16), 363,144 (Feb goods. 363,291 (Feb 363-339 ( Feb 363,341 (Feb 363 386 ( Feb 363,402 (Feb 12 14). 16). 16). 17). 19)- 363,576 (Feb. 23) Issued (With Dates of Application.) 906). Rousseau & Hancoun. Vulcanized fiber C. H. Scott. Oilcloth machine. E. Lapisse. Pneumatic tire. DeClosel. Spring wheel. . C. Burnett. Elastic tire. Baron de Bourgoing. Spring wheel. G. Lepoutre. Spring wheel Subra. Pneumatic tire. Ripley & Sautler. -\utoinatic antiskid. H. Penther. Method of repairing waterproof F. C. Hood. Rubber washing machine. B. Gratz Rubber purifying process. Same Preparing rubber for vulcanization. Hartridge Leather tire. J. Edmondson. Pneumatic tire. Freeborn. Dentists' plate vulcanizer. [Note.— Printed copies of specifications of French patents may be obtained from R. Bobet, Ingenieur-Counseil, 16 avenue de Villiers, Paris, iat 50 cents each, postpaid.] A CRiTicAt review of the genus Sap!///)!, and particularlj- of the rubber yielding species included in it, contributed bj- Dr. Jacques Huber, of the ParA Museum to the D/cllet/n de I'Herbier Boissier (Geneva), and a monograph of interest and value, has been reprinted separately in a brochure of 50 octavo pages. A IS'EW invention by Thomas Miller, Auburn, Rhode -^^*- Island, relates to means for vulcanizing rubber soles to shoes, its object being to provide a simple apparatus whereby rubber soles, heels, and foxing may be molded on to canvas or other shoes, and secured permanently thereon by vulcanization of the rubber while under a great pressure. The practice in making these canvas shoes has been to form the rubber sole separate, cement it on to the rubber, and then place the shoe and sole in an oven and vulcanize them without the use of pressure. Not only are shoes thus con- structed apt to pull apart, but they do not present the same finished appearance as when molded into exactly the re- quired form under pressure. The illustrations are as follows: Fig. 1 — Side elevation On rfTl ( ) ( ^ showing clamping press with two shoes in position to have soles vulcanized thereon ; Fig. 2 — Side elevation partlj* in section showing clamping device, steam chamber, and shoe in position in the mold. Claim 7 of the patent specification reads : " In a device of the character described, a mold made iti one piece adapted to form heel, sole, and fo-xing portion only of a shoe, a last over which a shoe may be formed, flexible means for apply- ing pressure to said last, said last adapted to fit the mold and assist in the formation of the heel, sole and foxing por- tion therein, said mold being so formed as to closely fit the upper on the last at the foxing line thereof to cause a resist- ance when under pressure and insure the plastic material being forced into the pores of the upper and adhere to the same and means for applying heat to the material." This item of history in connection with the trade occurs in an article on book collectors and book sales, in the Lon- don Daily Neivs : "The late Mr. Edwin Truman was per- haps the oldest book collector in London when he died in April, 1905. As some will remember, he was dentist to the ro3-al household for over half a century, and it was he who discovered that Gutta-percha can be purified in any quantity by mechanical means without injury to the material. Mr. Truman never paid large sums for books or prints, yet for a volume of seventeenth century plays which cost him 25., ;^88 was realized on February 15." We have not found elsewhere a record of Mr. Truman's connection with the trade as stated. November i, 1906 THE INDIA RUBBER WORLD 53 THE LATE GEORGE F. HODc^MaN. IN the death of George F. Hodginan tlie trade suffers a double loss. Any branch of business which numbers among its leaders men of the high standard of char- acter which his life exemplified, benefits distinctlj- from their infiuence. Hesides, every rubber man who pos- sessed the friendship of Mr. Hodgnian — and they were many — will feel a real personal loss from his passing away. Mr. Hodgman was of New England descent. His father, Daniel Hodgmitn, a native of New Hampshire, with an an- cestry in that region of several generations, began business for himself at Ro.\bury, Mass., in early manhood, but find- ing it uncongenial, he removed to New York and made a new start in life. In 1838, at the age of 30 years, he opened a store at No. 27 Maiden lane in which rubber goods were embraced ; in 1S39 he was advertising mackintoshes, which he produced here almost as early as thej' were made in England ; in 1840 he built a rubber factory at the foot of Twenty-sixth street, at the East river, which was operated until de- stroyed by fire in 1853. A new fac- tory was erected in that year at Tuck - ahoe, N. Y., and later an additional factory at Mt. Vernon, both of which are still in operation. Daniel Hodgman was one of the early licens- ees under the patents of Goodj'ear, iiaving allotted to him the right to make rubber door springs — an article which at one time had a great vogue. Mr. Hodgman manufactured many other articles of rubber, however, his faculty for invention enabling him to make them independent of the vul- canization patents. As early as 1S39 he was awarded a silver medal by the American Institute for rubber cloth- ing and life preservers, and the Hodg- man factories engaged in the produc- tion of a great variety of articles, but from the beginning the name of Hodgman has been identified closely with the mackintosh manufacture. Daniel Hodgman died at Tuckahoe in 1874, at the age of 66 years. His widow retained her interest in the factories until her death in 1885, when the sons, who had become identified with the business, had it incorporated as the Hodgman Rubber Co. The Maiden lane store above men- tioned was retained by the Hodgmans for 41 years, and when the growth of their business made necessary larger fa- ci'ties, further up town, it remained a rubber store, in other hands, for many years longer. George F. Hodgnian was born in New York citj-, in City Hall place, on December 20, 1844. He became associated with his father in business after leaving school, coming into its control after the father's death, and after the incorpora- tion of the Hodgman Rubber Co. was its president. While but 61 years of age at his death, he lived to see great QEORQE F. HODGMAN of conducting the rubber business, to which he contributed not a little that was of value. For a long while Mr. Hodgman was in tlie habit of going abroad for a vacation every year or so. He sailed for Europe this year on June 15, apparently in perfect health, accom- panied by Mrs. Hodgman. During August heart trouble developed, and his death took place at Garlants Hotel, in London, on September 28. His younger son, S. Theodore Hodgman, learning of his father's serious condition, hast- ened to London, arriving five days before Mr. Hodgman 's death. Funeral services were held on October 16, in New York, at the Madison Avenue Methodist Episcopal church, of which Mr. Hodgman had been a member and secretary of the board of trustees since its organization, 25 years ago. The services were conducted by Bishop Andrews and by the ])astor of the church, the Rev. Dr. Wallace MacMullen. The services were simple, as befitted one who had a profound appreciation of the beauti- ful. In consonance, therefore, with his life was the music, the altar banked with flowers, tributes from friends far and near, the great hushed audience that gathered for a last fare- well, and the touching word picture of the life as his pastor and friend knew it. The attendance included many members of the rubber trade. .\iiiong the honorary pallbearers rep- resenting the trade were the Hon. L. I). Apsley, Benjamin F. Taft, Arthur \V. Clapp, and E. E. Huber. The in- lenueiit was at Kensico cenieterj-. In 1866 Mr. Hodgman married Miss Louise Barker, daughter of the late Stephen Barker, who survives him, as well as two sons, George B. and S. Theodore Hodgman, who are re- spectively treasurer and secretary of the Hodgman Rubber Co. Mr. Hodgman was a member of the Union League Club, the New York Chamber of Com- merce, the New luigland Societj-, and the Knollwood Golf Club. He was president of the Rubber Sundries Manufac- turers' Association and a charter member of the Rubber Manufacturers' Mutual Insurance Co., of Boston, and lat- terly a member of its finance committee. Mr. Hodgman 's earlier life was spent in New York citj-, until 1853, when he went with his father to Tuckahoe, N. Y. In 1874 he re- turned to the citj', where he afterward resided. The profound sense of personal bereavement that comes to the writer through the passing of ilr. Hodgman is shared by the trade throughout the land. A typical New Yorker, prompt, aggressive, capable, intolerant of injustice, quick to respond to the appeal of the needy, cheerful, companion- able, with deep religious convictions, he was a rare spirit, and honored the trade with which his name was so promi- nently associated. May his meiuorj- live long in the hearts changes in the methods of manufacture of rubber goods and of those fortunate enough to call him friend. 54 THE. INDIA RUBBER WORLD [November i, 1906. THE RUBBER SHOW AT PERADENIYA. T ^HE Ceylon Rubber Exhibition of 1906, held at Pera- deniya, under government auspices September 13- 27, appears from all reports to have been a highly successful affair. Planned in the first instance by a planters' association, as a local show, to last for a day or so, earlier in the 3-ear, the idea commended itself so strongly to the government that it was taken in hand enthusiasti- callj', its scope broadened, and a two weeks' exhibition was the result. The exhibition was held in buildings constructed espe- cially for the purpose, in the Peradeniya gardens, at the public expense. Some 200 men were employed on the build- ings, which were completed in good time for the opening of the exhibition. The buildings were of the native Kandyan type of architecture and decoration. The entrance to the main building was through a portico shaped somew-hat like a huge pagoda, and led to a hexagon 50 feet wide, from which three wings branched off, each 60 X 36 feet. The stands for exhibits in these wings were arranged on either side of the room, with a third row down the center. The attempt was made to render the buildings attractive inside and outside. For instance, the roof of the hexagonal cen- tral building was ceiled with paintings illustrating Kandyan history and legend. There were a number of smaller build- ings — one for instance assigned to the governor ; one used as a refreshment building with the Queen's Hotel, Limited, as caterers : a music stand, and separate special buildings for exhibits in other interests than rubber, including a pavil- ion for displaying the geological resources of Ceylon. Special sheds were provided for the machinerj^ exhibits, including the steam engines installed for supplying power. The exhibition was opened by the governor of Cej-lon, Sir Henrj' A. Blake, c. c. m. g., in his official capacitj', attended by a military escort. He was, besides, president of the Exhi- bition. The exhibition committee was made up of the Hon. Mr. J. P. Lewis (chairman) and Mr. E. B. Denham (secre- tary-), of the Ceylon civil service; the Hon. Mr. E. Rosling ; Messrs. T. C. Huxley, Edgar Turner, and James Ryan ; Dr. J. C.Willis, director botanic gardens ; Mr. M. Kelway Bam- ber, government chemist ; and Mr. Herbert Wright, control- ler experiment station. Prizes were offered for the best samples of Para in "bis- cuit, " " sheet, " " crepe, " " worm, ' ' and ' ' scrap ' ' ; Castilloa and Ceara in different forms ; and. " rambong " {Ficus) rub- ber — first, for Ceylon only, and secondly, open to all exhib- itors. Also, the best collection of rubber other than those above named, and for the best commercial sample of rubber in the show. Samples not to be less than 5 pounds. The official list of prizes for rubber exhibits included 24 gold medals, 25 silver medals, 3 silver cups, and a silver bowl worth ^15 i5.f, [=376.65]. Besides, special prizes were offered, by planters' associations for example. One was for the best Para rubber grown above an elevation of 3000 feet. Additional prizes (including 26 gold medals) were offered for instruments for tapping rubber trees — Para, Castilloa, Ceara, and " rambong " ; for assisting the flow of latex from trees ; for storing latex ; best methods of coagulation ; for dr3'ing rubbbr ; for obtaining rubber from twigs, leaves, etc.; best methods of packing rubber for shipment ; best rubber washing machine ; models of curing house, and so on. The Kandj- District Planters' Association offered a prize for the best implement for and method of tapping Ceara rub- ber. The Kalutara association offered a prize for a model rubber curing house. The rubber exhibits were judged by three experts sent out from London for the purpose : Charles Devitt, of Lewis & Peat ; Spencer Brett, of Gow, Wilson & Stanton ; and C. K. Sniithett. of Wilson, Smithett & Co. PRIZES A WARDED FOR RUBBER. CEYLON ONLY. Para Rubber Biscuits (46 competitorsi. — Gold medal Duck- wari estate ; silver medal. Katugastota ; extra silver uitdal, Duck- wari (second sample) ; honorable mention, Arapolakande. Silver cup to superintendent of Duckwari. Harii Biscuits, Smoked — Gold medal, Arapolakande. Para Rubber Sheet (23 competitors). — Gold medal. Syston ; silver, Kondesalle ; honorable mention, Delahena. Silver cup to superintendent of Syston. Pani Rubber Crepe or Lace (4 competitors). — Gold medal, Cul- loden : silver, Healherley. Paru Rubber li'orni, Ftaie, Block, or Other Form (7 competi- tors). — Gold medal, Gikiyanakande ; silver, CuUoden. Castilloa Rubber biscuits (i exhibit). — No award. Castilloa Rubber Sheets. —No exhibits. Castilloa Rubber in Any Other Form excluding Scrap (i ex- hibit). — Silver medal, CuUoden. Ceara Rubber Biscuits (12 competitors). ^Gold medal, Rang- bodde ; silver. North Matale Silver cup, superintendent of Rangbodde. Ceara Rubber Sheet (4 competitors). — Gold medal, Kondesalle. Ceara Rubber in Other Forms (2 exhibits). — No award. CEYLON .\ND .\BRO.^D. [♦Denotes Awards to Straits and Malay States Exhibitors.] Para Rubber Biscuits (S competitors).— Gold medal, Duckwari ; silver medal, .\rapolakande ; honorable mention. Kanagastota. Pan'i Rubber Sheet (13 competitors). — Gold medal. Syston; silver, Kondesalle ; extra silver medal, Kuala Kangsa Gardens* ; honorable mention, Kamiuiing.* Parci Rubber Cripe or Lace ( 10 competitors). — Gold medal, Cul- loden ; silver, Pataling.* Pari) Rubber in Other Forms. — Gold medal, Lanadron (for block rubber.*; silver, Gikiyanakande; honorahle mention, CuUoden. Para Rubber Scrap (32 competitors). — Washed : Silver medal. Vallambrosa * ; honorable mention. Jebong *. Handmade : Gold medal, Heatherley ; silver, Kepitigalla ; honorable mention Kana- gastota. Rambong Rubber (6 competitors) .— Gold medal, Golden Hope* ; silver, Sungei Rengum.* Best Collection o/' Rubber (olher than mentioned already). — Gold medal, Arapolakande; silver Gikiganakande. Best Commeicial Sample of Rubber in the Show.— Go\d medal, Lanadron * (for block rubber); silver, Duckwari ; additional silver medal. Koudesalle ; honorable mention, -Arapolakaude and Rang- bodde. Siher bowl, superintendent of Lanadron * The first honor was taken by Lanadron estate. Johore, for rubber prepared in a new form — blocks. Ordinary crepe rubber is put through a vacuum dryer and pressed in a screw press into blocks a foot square and weighing 25 pounds. This is the estate of Mr. F. Pears, of the Pears' soap companv". The verj' extensive collection of machinery- for handling crude rubber, and implements for tapping trees attracted much attention. Liberal prizes were offered in this de- partment, as for exhibits of crude rubber, but further at- tention to them in this journal must be deferred to another November i, 1906.] THE INDIA RUBBER WORLD 55 TIRES AT THE VANDERBILT CUP RACE. OEVENTEEN motor cars were run in the third annual ^^ contest for the Vanderbilt Cup, near New York, on the morning of October 6 — five each entered from the United States, France, and Italy, and two from Germany. The course was 29.7 miles in length and ten rounds were made, giving a total distance of 297.1 miles. The race came to an end when five cars had covered this distance, the order of finishing being as follows : I-'irst, Wagner of France, Darracq car. Second, I.aiicia of Italy, Tiat car. Third, Duray of France, I)e Dietrich car. I'ourtli, Clement of France, Clement car. F'iftli, Jenatzy of Germany, Mercedes car. The positions of the American drivers were eighth, tenth, thirteenth, fourteenth and sixteenth. One American, I,e Blon, covered nine laps and another, Tracy, eight laps. Wagner's time was 4 hours 50 minutes io| seconds, or an average of 61.43 miles per hour. Lancia 's time was slower by only about 5 minutes. Duraj- came in 16 seconds later. The automobiles entered, as a rule, made a showing cred- itable to the makers. But two serious breaks occurred among all the machines on the course, and some developed no troubles whatever — except in the matter of tires, and here none escaped trouble. It is only a few years since, in every important race, a large percentage of the machines were " down and out " before the winner crossed the tape. The inference is that a further advance has been made toward perfection in manufacture, and in this respect the American machines arc admitted to have shown great improvement. Of the foreign cars, ten were equipped with Michelin and two (German) with Continental tires, and all had removable rims. The five American cars had Diamond tires ; the Thomas car had removable rims on the rear wheels, the Christie had four rims, and the other three were without this latest innovation. For the American team eleven tire sta- tions were located around the course, while the foreigners carried spare tires (with rims) in the race. Rain fell on the day before the race, leaving the road soft and conducive to skidding, which fact is held account- able in large part for the tire troubles experienced. For this reason leather anti-skid tires were used by most of the con- testants, which is believed to have lessened the speed, be- sides which many of the metal studded bands peeled ofi" the tires, making replacements necessary. At least six of the cars had bad tire troubles on the first round, seven cars had them on the second, and so on. Le Blon had to replace all four tires on the first round, losing 26 minutes therebj'. Tracy lost 50 minutes all told with his tires. In the case of removable rims, tires were replaced much more promptly — in three or four minutes. And one French driver, who, as a measure of precaution, removed four seemingU- good tires and put on new ones, required onlj- four minutes for the work. Wagner, the winner, changed four rims. The lessons of the race appear to be : (i) Cars are now made that, apart from the tires, can be depended upon to run from start to finish without failure. (2) Each car should carry its spare tires, instead of depending upon repair sta- tions, which are not always accessible when trouble occurs. (3) Where speed is an object, removable rims are essential, on account of the time they save in making replacements. (4) However good American tires may be, the American made anti skid treads used at the Cup race failed to make a good showing. It should be said, injustice to the American contingent, that the fastest time over the course was made by Tracy, in a Locomobile, with Diamond tires (without skid treads). He covered one lap in 26 minutes 21 seconds, or at the rate of 67.66 miles per hour. SALE OF CRUDE RUBBER BY ANALYSIS. /^\E of the judges appointed in England for the Ceylon ^^ rubber exhibition was Mr. Spencer Brett, of Gow, Wilson & Stanton, Limited, rubber brokers of London. In- terviewed by The Times of Ceylon, he said: •I have been going very interestedly into the scientific aspects of rubber. I have a laboratory in the office and I got hold of quite the best man in London that I knew of, who has been going very fullj' into the question of the an- alysis of rubber. My firm thought it an extremely impor- tant branch of the business, and I have taken it up with the idea of its being useful to planters in regard to preparation. I have also been over some of the biggest mills of manufac- turers, and I am quite of opinion that, sooner or later, an- alysis will enter much more largely into the sale of rubber. There is no doubt that the prices paid for crude rubber de- pend to a great extent on the contents of it, and, practically speaking, I think it is impossible always to determine what the contents are except by analysis. Of course there are in- dications, in certain cases, as to the presence of oils and resins. But that is exceptional. As a rule, you can't from the outward appearance of the sample accurately gage the proportion of the different contents." NEW TRADE PUBLICATIONS. EUREKA Fire Hosi- Co. (New York) lately have issued some attractive booklets in relation to what they term "the most valuable article in a fire department." Two which are especially interesting are " Fire Hose — A Stud}' " {l].i"':<^\i". 16 pages] and " Hose Facts " f4X" X 9". 10 pages. Both are well illustrated. Western RubberCo. (Goshen, Indiana) have brought out a catalogue of Mechanical Rubber Goods, in which promi- nence is given to their line of pump valves, a department to which they have given special attention for some years. [3'+"X6". 12 pages.] The Canton Rubber Co. (Canton, Ohio), in their Cata- logue D, describe an extensive line of fine vScamless Rubber Goods, Druggists' Sundries, and Molded Rubber Goods. [6"X9"- 31 pages.] ALSO RECEIVFD. The Mitzel RubberCo., Carrolton, 01iio.=Net Price List of Wa- ter IJottles and S^-ringe Bags. i6 pages. The .Mien Bag and Specialty Co., New Vork.=Allen's Specialties for the Motor Car [including Tire Covers]. 8 pages. Hygeia Nursing Bottle Co , Buffalo, New York. — Dr. Decker's Syringe Nozzles, 8 pages. O. C. Pike, .\kron. Ohio.=Xet Price List of Rubber Specialties. 4 pages. The .Adams & Ford Co., Cleveland 01iio.;=Everstick Invisible Rubber I'oot Safety. 12 pages. 56 THE INDIA RUBBER ^VORLD [November i, 1906. THE FRICTION TAPE INDUSTRY. Statistics from reliable siurces, though incomplete, ^^ indicate great activity in the manufacture of that class of rubber coated cottons which are designated as " friction " tape. One well known house which makes a specialty of these goods reports orders for 12,000 pounds in one morning's mail, and an average monthlj' output of 50,000 pounds. One consumer uses 1400 pounds daily and the largest electrical manufacturing companies place contracts for 50 to 100 ton lots, cut to size, special coated. Forty inch, 56 X 60, sheetings are commonly used for the standard commercial grades. Each pound of sheeting re- ceives from 2 to 4 pounds of rubber and other compounds. These goods are formed into '< pound rolls of varj'ing widths and sold in constantly increasing quantities to the street railways, telephone companies, and electrical equip- ment contractors for making insulating joints. The United States government is a buyer in from 500 to 2000 pound lots under specifications ofa most rigid character. Most of the large cable companies make their own tapes, probably more from a desire to obtain a trustworthy product than from motives of economy, and theirs is a very large consumption of fine sheetings and drills. These are coated with high grade rubber compounds of extra light specific gravity, as the cable people estimate their cost by square measure instead of weight. Probably 50 tons of tape is made up into very small par- cels annually for the bicycle sundr}^ trade, sold at prices ranging from 14 to 20 cents per pound, representing so large an amount of labor as compared to material that it has lately ceased to attract competition at the lower prices. A good deal of tape was formerU- exported to France, Germany, and Austria, but our French and German friends have imported American tape makers and the great bulk of the tape there consumed is now made on that side of the water with a protective duty against us averaging 10 cents per pound. England is still a fair field for the American tape maker, and good sales are continually made there. A large portion of these latter go to the smaller European countries, India, Africa, South America, and Australia, via London and Liverpool. A conservative estimate of the dailj- output of the Ameri- can tape factories (aside from that made and consumed by the cable plants) is 10,000 pounds per day. buys for cash pays long in advance — something which is not true in regard to any other raw material used in the industrj-. Besides, the seller does not guarantee quality, and if the buyer of first grade duck finds that "seconds" have been substituted, he is without redress. Duck is held at too high a price, considering the price of raw cotton. Six cents a jard is enough to cover manufac- turing cost and profits. At this rate, with cotton at 10 cents a pound, duck should not sell above 17 cents a yard. The trouble is that the cotton duck industry is practically controlled bj* a trust. There is but one source of supply for the American consumer. That source controls the distribution of the product, and has the power to discriminate against the small and in favor of the large consumer. If a new mill starts in the South the trust is soon found to control the agenc\' for the sale of its production. For all of which reasons, Mr. Editor. I am in favor of re- ducing the duty on imported duck, to enable the rubber trade to supply its wants in England or some other country until the home cotton trade becomes more disposed to give us a " square deal." an American. Pro\'idence, Rhode Island, October 15 1906. THE COTTON DUCK SITUATION. 'npO THE Editor of The India Rubber World : There ■*- are some features in connection with the cotton duck situation, as it affects the rubber industry, which merits the serious consideration of the manufacturers in this branch, with a view to the possibility of bringing about some im- provement. The price of cotton duck, on account of the great amount consumed in rubber factories, is of practically as much importance as the price of raw rubber, and this is something to which everj- manufacturer gives constant thought. The terms on which rubber men now buv cotton duck are cash at ten days. But, if shipped from the South, it may not arrive for 30 or even 60 days, so that the consumer who ELECTRIC DIEING-OUT MACHINE. 'T^HE accompanying illustration relates to the new Par- -^ sons electric dieing-out machine. The use of dieing- out machines is very extensive in rubber factories, especiallj- in the making of boots and shoes, and it is desirable that the utmost facility be afforded for ease of operation, and eco- nomical working. This machine is equipped with a travel- ing magnetic die holder, carr3'ing a die of any weight from I to 100 pounds, over any part of the block, with the slight- est pressure of the hand. It is alwaj-s ready to lift or let go of the die by the simple movement of a switch. No dan- ger to the operator is involved, as he does not handle the die while it is in operation. [Henrj' Parsons & Son, Marl- boro, Massachusetts.] The sport of roller skating has again become so general that if all the skate rollers should be rubber tired — either pneumatic or hard rubber — it would make an appreciable increase in the demand for rubber. The elastic material is also used, on some skates, in the shape of cushions between the trucks and foot plate, to give greater comfort to the skater. It is small things like this, the aggregate of which is large, that cause the constant increase in the demand for rubber. November i, 1906.] THE INDIA RUBBER WORLD 57 THE RUBBER TRADE IN TRENTON. THE RUBBER TRADE AT AKRON. BY A RICSinENT CORRKSI'ONDKNT ''T^IIE Crescent Belting and Packing Co. and the Insulated -*- Wire and Cable Co., of which Oiiartcrniasler General C. Edward Murray is general manager, liave just completed a three-story brick addition, 60 by 75 feet. It is substan- tially constructed and has been equipped with the most modern machinery for the manufacture of insulated wire. The company has also just completed another addition of brick, one story high, 60 by 22 feet, to be used as a tinning shop for the insulated wire department. The first named addition will give the company a main building about 300 feet long and three stories high throughout. Two large wings connect with this and there are other minor buildings. A spur siding now connects the buildings directlj- with the main line of the New York division of the Pennsylvania railroad. The Crescent Helting and Packing Co. is just sixteen j-ears old and General Murray tells your correspondent that he is proud of the child of his early commercial experience. Com- mencing with a modest factory in iSgo, the concern has grown steadily to its present commanding position among the rubber works of the city. At the beginning mechanical rubber goods onlj' were manufactured. Then the insulated wire department was added and the Crescent Insulated Wire and Cable Co. organized as subsidiary to the other company. The present officers are John J. Miller, president ; E. T. Phillips, vice president ; General Murray, treasurer and manager. Following the litigation involving the Trenton Rubber Reclaiming Works, in which Samuel Baron, a member of the company, applied for the appointment of a receiver, and in which the decision was against Baron, the latter has organized a new company for rubber reclaiming, which was incorporated in Trenton October 18. The new concern is called the Trenton Gutta-Percha and Rubber Separating Co. and is capitalized at $100,000. The incorporators are Samuel Baron, Manfred Naar, and Edgar L. Kerns. The companj- has elected Baron president, Naar secretary, and Kerns treas- urer. Naar is a lawyer and justice of the peace, and Kerns conducts a large bottling establishment. The company has secured a building at the foot of Perrine avenue, Trenton, along the tracks of the Pennsjlvania railroad where manu- facturing will be begun as soon as the machinery is installed. Baron claims to have a secret process for separating scrap rubber. The lyuzerne Rubber Co. are just completing a brick ad- dition to their plant at a cost of S,S,ooo. The company be- gan business about one j'ear ago and are manufacturing hard rubber goods. The damage done by the recent fire at the plant of the Dy- son Rubber Co., on Paul avenue, is being repaired, and the w^rkswill soon be in operation again. The Home Rubber Co. are having a great run at present on two lines of packing of which they make a specialty. These are the " N. B. O." black sheet packing, for steam and oil purposes, and the " O. I. M. " high and low pres- sure packing. The Trenton Rubber Manufacturing Co. have become quite a factor in the automobile inner tube business and are turning out a fine high grade tube. IIY .\ RKSIDUNT CORRESPONDKNT. ^ I ''WO companies have been incorporated lately by a firm -^ of Akron attorneys, under titles which indicate that they are to be interested in rubber, but thus far the promo- ters are not disposed to make public any information regard- ing their objects. First was announced the Panama Crude Rubber Co., which was incorporated with a merely nominal capital, which has since been increased to $150,000. It is common report that the purpose of this company is to acquire control of rubber plantations in Mexico and Central Amer- ica, and thatoptions on a number of plantations have alreadj' been secured. The other companj- referred to bears the name The Independent Tire and Rubber Co., concerning which it is rumored that their intention is to utilize the pro- ducts of the plantations controlled by the Panama Crude Rubber Co., and that ultimately the two companies may be brought under one control. The second company named, it is reported, will erect a factory either in Akron or at Youngs- town, Ohio. The incorporators of the two companies, under the laws of Ohio, are George G. Allen, H. E. Andress, F. E. Whittemore, F. II. Waters, and E. A. Oviatt. The B. F. Goodrich Co. have practically completed a new concrete six story building, and it is announced that another building of the same type is to be started at once and com- pleted before the beginning of winter. It is stated that, since the Vanderbilt Cup race, the Dia- mond Rubber Co. have booked orders for automobile tires to the amount of more than $1,000,000. Most of these or- ders are from automobile manufacturers, many of whom ar- range foi their year's supply at this .season. Mr. H. C. Corson, formerly vice president of The B, F. Goodrich Co., and still a shareholder in that company, has been making a visit to Akron. During the past five years he has been spending his summers at his home in Nova Scotia and his winters in Europe. The plant hitherto occupied by the Faultless Rubber Co., in Akron, has been purchased by the E. A. Pflueger Co., manufacturers of fishing tackle, hardware, and hotel special- ties. The Faultless Rubber Co. have been busj' of late arranging for homes in Ashland for 50 or more families of their em- ployes who will go from Akron to that place, on account of the concentration of the company's business at Ashland. Rubber Tree Seeds. — The well known Ceylon seedsmen, Messrs. J. P. William & Brothers, at Heneratgoda, is.sue new editions of their circulars : No. 30 — Hevea Brasiliensis ; No. 31 — Manihot glaziovii ; and No. 32 — Castilloa elastica. Prices are given of seeds and stumps, and notes on recent success in shipping to distant points. They have supplied seeds of //(?Z'M, for example, to tha United States govern- ment for use in Hawaii. Germ.^nv VV.\nts Chewing Gu.m. — The bureau of manu- factures of the United States department of commerce and labor announces: "A German confectioner would like to hear from American manufacturers of chewing gum, with a view to importing same, there being quite a demand for this article in Germany every year from tourists and resi- dents." 58 THE INDIA RUBBER "WORLD [November i, 1906. MEWS OF THE AMERICAN RUBBER TRADE. UNITED STATES RUBBER CO. — DIVIDENDS. THE board of directors on October,^ declared a dividend of 2 per cent, upon the First preferred stock (in- cluding all the preferred outstanding), for thecjuarter beginning July i, 1906, and a dividend of 1 '2 per cent, upon the Second preferred stock for the same quarter, from the net earnings of the company. The net earnings for the first six months of the fiscal year (September parti- ally estimated) are $2,136,000, which includes dividends amounting to $413,640.82 received upon stock of the Rubber Goods Manufacturing Co. in this company's treasury. The dividends were payable October 31, to stockholders of record October 15. No action was taken in regard to a dividend on the common stock, although the financial public seems to have expected such a dividend. RUBBER CEMENT FACTORY IN ST. LOUIS. Thk St. Louis Rubber Cement Co, have taken possession of and are now occupying the fireproof building at the corner of Main and Spruce streets, St. Louis, erected for their use. The firm started in a small way several years ago, making a specialtj- of supplying the St. Louis shoe factorj- trade with their product, and their business has now grown to good proportions. The rubber cement used locally was formerly obtained wholly from the East. INSULATED WIRE WORKS FOR DETROIT. The Detroit Insulated Wire Co. have been incorporated under the laws of Michigan, with an aiithorized capital at present of $100,000. The president is Mr. E. E. Keller, of Pittsburgh, Pa. The vice president is Mr. J. H. Hunter, for- merly of the National Cable and Wire Co., and also of Pitts- burgh. Mr. Arthur Hartwell, some time sales manager of the Sterling Varnish Co., and later general manager of the Sterling Varnish Co., has been elected secretary and treasurer. The company have acquired six acres of land on the line of the Pere Marquette railroad, on which they are putting up a three story building of concrete and brick con- struction, to be devoted entirely to the manufacture of rub- ber covered wire. When the machinery, which is all new, has been installed, the capacity of the plant will be about 500,000 feet per day. The company- hope to be in operation by the middle of November. MR. HOWLETT INCORPORATES. The Rochester Rubber Co. (Rochester, N. Y.) have been incorporated under the laws of Xevv York, with $25 000 cap- ital. Incorporators and directors : Frank C. Howlett and J, H. Glisman, of Sj'racuse ; Charles W. Barnes, New York city. Mr. Howlett is president and treasurer of the com- pany, as he is also of the S^'racuse Rubber Co., the incorpo- ration of which was reported last month. The two compa- nies will conduct a general rubber business, as Mr. Howlett has done hitherto. There will be no rubber business under the name of F. C. Howlett in the future. MR. KOHMESCHER RETIRES. The partnership which had existed for 20 years between J. H. Kohmescher and Eugene C. Schaefer, under the style of J. H. Kohmescher & Co.. in the Cincinnati retail rubber trade, ended on September 29, by the withdrawal of Mr. Kohmescher. The business will be continxied at the same location by The Schaefer Rubber Co. Mr. Kohmescher en- tered the service of tlie late firm, Bart & Hickcox, the pio- neers of the India-rubber trade in Cincinnati, February 2, 1864, and remained with them until 1886, when the partner- ship just closed was formed. They opened "The Little Rubber Store" at No. 161 Main street, under the motto "The Best of Rubber Goods Are Not Any Too Good." In November, 1S91, the rubber store was moved to No. 120 East Fourth street, where the business has been carried on until now. William Iv. Schaefer was admitted to the firm 10 years ago. DEATH OF THE HON RATCl IFFE HICKS. The body of the late Hon. Ratcliffe Hicks, of Connecticut, who died at Interlaken, Switzerland, on September 10 last, arrived at New York on the Auguste Victoria, on October 6. Funeral services were held on October 9 at Tolland, Conn., his native town, and where his summer home has been for years. Ratcliffe Hicks was born October 3. 1S43, being descended from Thomas Hicks, who came from England in 1644 and settled at Scituate, Mass., founding a famih' many members of which have won distinction. The father of Ratcliffe Hicks was a merchant in Providence, R. I., and later in New York city. The son was graduated from Brown Uni- versity in the class of 1864. Being admitted to the bar, he won success in his profession, while his interest in public matters led to his election for a number of terms to the Con- necticut legislature, of which he proved an able and influen- tial member. He was also at various times city attorney of Meriden and attorney for the county of New Haven. In 1S82 Mr. Hicks became connected with the rubber busi- ness. He was a son in law of the late Jared H. Canfield, who had, a few years ago established at Bridgeport, Conn., the business which, after his death, in 1883, was incorpor- ated as the Canfield Rubber Co. Mr. Hicks was elected president of the corporation, holding this position until within the present year, when he disposed of his holdings in the business. During this period he saw the company grow from small beginnings until its sales amounted to $r, 000, 000 or more per year, thus demonstrating his capac- ity as a business man no less than in other relations in life. I\Ir. Hicks did much for his native town of Tolland. It is the site of the Ratcliffe Hicks Industrial and Educational School, toward the endowment of which he contributed liber- ally. Mr. Hicks is survived by an unmarried daughter. END OF A SUIT IN THE TIRE FIELD. The amicable settlement is reported of the suits of the Pope Manufacturing Co. against the Rubber Goods Manu- facturing Co., in the New York supreme court, the first of which was instituted in October, 1903. Under date of November 8, 1899, the American Bicycle Co. sold to the Rubber Goods Manufacturing Co. three rubber tire plants — the Hartford, the Indianapolis, and the Peoria — the consider- ation involving an agreement by the American Bicycle Co. to purchase at least 90 per cent of its requirements in tires November 1906.] THE INDIA RUBBER WORLD 59 from the Rubber Goods corapanj', forfive years, while ilu lit ter agreed to pay an annual rebateof S2oo,oooon such business for the same period. The basis of the first suit referred to above was the $200,000 rebate alleged to have been due on November i, 1902, and not paid. The American Bicycle Co. meanwhile had failed, and been succeeded by the I'ope Man- ufacturing Co. , and the Rubber Goods companj- were advised by counsel that the contract with the American Bicycle Co. had ceased to be valid, and was not transferable. The mat- ter was allowed to jfo to the courts, therefore, and a year later a second suit was brought, for the rebate claimed for the year ending November i, 1903. RUBBER SHOE SEASON EXTENDED. TiiK announcement is made by the ITnited States Rubber Co. that the opening of ne.xt season will be deferred until March i, instead of occurring on January i, as was expected. The announcement has been well received in the trade, par- ticularly as this postponement carries with it the extension of the guarantee given in the company's contracts so as to cover goods in the dealers' hands up to Februarj' 28. It was natural, when the guarantee terminated on December 31, that dealers should be a little careful about carrying too large a stock over into the new year, with the uncertainty as to what the new year would disclose in the matter of prices. Now that the guarantee cariies until the end of February, which is very close to the end of the rubber season, dealers can laj- in their stocks with a better feeling of confidence. STAFF OF MORGAN & WRIGHT. Thk corporation Morgan & Wright, whose new rubber factorv at Detroit, Michigan, is now in operation in the vari- ous departments, is incorporated in Michigan with $i,Soo,- 000 capital. The directors are: Charles II. Dale, Lester I.eland, John J. Watson, Jr., Charles A. Hunter, Charles J. Butler, .Arthur I. I'hilp, and Frank W. Eddy. The oflicers are: Charles J. Butler, president and general manager : .\. I. Philp, secretarj- ; Nicholas B. Feltes, treasurer; John Carlson, assistant treasurer; Herbert Bowen, counsel. G. A. Burnham is factory manager ; A. A. Templeton, super- intendent ; William McMahon, assistant superintendent ; G. A. Reeves, general foreman mechanical departments ; T. H. Henderson, general foreman mill, calender, and com- pound rooms ; William Shearer, master mechanic ; F. O. Smith, purchasing agent. The selling department is in charge of. \. I. Philp. The men in charge of the manufac- turing departments are : Charles Measure, automobile tires ; H. L. McLaren, vehicle tires ; M. E. Mason, bicycle tires and accessories ; W. M. Gunlock, horseshoe pads and rubber heels ; D. J. Norbury, mechanical goods ; G. W. Seiberling, hard rubber specialties. HIGHER PRICES FOR MECHANICALS. A NUMBER of leading manufacturers of mechanical rubber goods have withdrawn all prices, notifying their patrons that new prices will be furnished on application. The reason given is the continued increase in the price of materials. One circular states that cotton duck has advanced 40 per cent, within two years pa.st, and 20 per cent, within the past year, and other materials in like proportion. The Peerless Rubber Manufacturing Co. announce that their advance in prices will be as small as is consistent with the cost of mate- rials, " ranging from 5 to 8 per cent." C. E. FftR^INOTON. MR FARRINGTON MAKES A CHANGE. Mr. Chari.es E. F.'^rrington has severed his connection with the Massachusetts Chemical Co. and the Walpole Rubber Works, and opened an office in Boston as con- sulting engineer, his specialty being trans- mission problems and chemical engineering as it relates to the rub- ber manufacture. He will also devote special attention to rubber re- claiming problems. Mr. Farrington has had un- usual e.x])erience and opportunities for the studj' of rubber factory methods and electrical plants, both in this countrjand in Europe. He has also contributed very many articles to scientific re- views which have attracted much attention. As an inventor several of his insulating compounds have been most suc- cessful . TRADE NEWS NOTES. Mr. Harry Grkenleu has accepted a position as general sales agentofthe American Belting Co. (Youngstown, Ohio). He was formerly in the cost department of The Republic Rubber Co., of the city named. = Mr. Charles Hardin has accepted a position as New York manager for The Republic Rubber Co., taking the place of Mr. Willis A. Darling who is now in business for himself selling mechanical rubber goods. = Mr. Emil Grossman has retired from the position of gen- eral manager of the Continental Caoutchouc Co., the Amer- ican branch of the Continental company of Germany, to de- vote his time to the affairs of the Motor Car Equipment Co., the National Sales Corporation, and the Rojal Battery Co., all of New York, and of all of which he is president. =A representative of the J. P. Devine Co. (Buffalo, New York) started recently for the Guaj-ule rubber producing district of Mexico, in the interest of the vacuum drying ap- paratus marketed by that company. Elsewhere in this is- sue will be found references to the successful employment of this system on rubber plantations in the Far East. O. C. Pike, No. 12S West .South street, .Akron, Ohio, is conducting a business in jobbing druggists' sundries and other rubber specialties, his stock being derived from lead- ing manufacturers. = Charles Niedner (Maiden, Massachusetts) has applied for a building permit for a three story brick addition to his fire hose factory, to be ready by January 1, to be 60 X 60 feet. = The British Insulated and Helsby Cables Co., Limited, have declared an interim dividend on the ordinary- shares at the rate of 8 per cent, for the half year ended June 30, the rate being the same as last year. = W. T. Glover & Co., Limited, have issued ^80,000 in 5 per cent, second mortgage debenture stock, at 95 per cent, being part of an authorized issue of ^100,000. 60 THE INDIA RUBBER WORLD [November i, 1906. =The National India Rubber Co. (Bristol, R. I.) will make quite an extensive exhibit of its carriage cloths, including ducks and drills, both bright and dull finish, and leather and pebble grain embossing, at the Convention of the National Carriage Builders' Association, which will be held in Atlanta, Ga., October 23-27. = The Boston Automobile Dealers' Association, Inc., an- nounce their fifth annual automobile and power boat show, Mechanics Building and Horticultural Hall, Boston, March 9-16 (inclusive) 1907. Application for space should be ad- dressed to Chester I. Campbell, general manager. No. 5 Tark square, Boston. =The yacht Arrow, one of the fastest in the world, built for Charles R. Flint and now owned by E. F. W'liitney, was the subject of newspaper mention in New York earl5- in the month. Her propeller becoming entangled in some floating lumber in the East river, the yacht was slightly damaged and came near sinking. = In a New Jersey court a verdict for Siooo was rendered in the suit of Daniel Cane, who sued for damages for the loss of two fingers while at work in the factory of the Voorhees Rubber Manufacturing Co. =The Bristol Co. (Waterbury. Connecticut), manufacturers of Bristol recording thermometers, have opened a branch ofBce in Chicago, at No. 753 Monadnock building, to enable them to supply more promptly their growing trade in the West. = Mr. E. S. Benson, manager of the New York branch of the Hartford Rubber Co., has resigned to go to Indianapolis, to join the staff of J. D. Anderson, president of the G & J Tire Co. He has been succeeded by E. S. Roe, lately of the Hartford company's uptown branch in New York. = The Healy Leather Tire Co., No. SS Gold street, New- York, have established a selling branch at No. 1906 Broad- way, in order to be nearer the automobile district. = A11 Cadillac cars for 1907 will be equipped with the Hartford universal rim, for either Hartford clincher or Dun- lop tires. =The Aladdin Rubber Co. have recently added exten- sively to the capacitj- of their rubber reclaiming plant at Barberton, Ohio. The company reclaim by a non acid pro- cess which has produced the most satisfactory results. The company's offices are located now in the Hamilton building, Akron, Ohio. = Hastings Hose Reel Co. (Hastings, ISIichigan) are mak- ing a very satisfactory line of hose reels, varying in size and price to meet an3' demand. =The Republic Rubber Co., (Youngstown, Ohio), are re- ported recently to have received a large order from the Pan- ama canal commission for air brake hose and other rubber supplies for use on the railway crossing the isthmus. = Mr. W. J. Oby, formerly general manager of the Canton Rubber Co. (Canton, Ohio), is now practicing law in Cleve- land. His successor is Mr. W. J. Ellis, for many years with The B. F. Goodrich Co. = Mr. M. Traub, of Behr & Co., Singapore, was a recent caller at the office of The India Rubber World. He ex- pressed himself as believing that Singapore vi^ould shortly become a great center for crude rubbtr, and his errand to the United States is to get in touch with rubber manufacturers and know their wants in the way of crude rubber, in order that he may supply them direct. = Mr. Fred D. Zeigler has succeeded W. C. Peters as man- ager of the Goshen Rubber Works (Goshen, Indiana). The other officers now are H. C. Zeigler, president ; H. R. Brackin, vice president : C. W. Kinnan, secretary ; Jerry Hayes, treasurer. =The regular quarterly dividend of 2 per cent, of the Hood Rubber Co. was payable on October i. = A dividend of 2 per cent, on the preferred stock of the Manufactured Rubber Co. was payable on October 10. = The Durham Rubber Co., Limited (Bowmanville, On- tario) have opened a branch for the sale of their mechanical rubber goods at Winnipeg, with Mr. B. C. Clarke as man- ager. The present address is No. 45 Notre Dame avenue. East. ^The Dowswell Manufacturing Co., Limited (Hamilton, Ontario), makers of wringer rolls, will erect a warehouse at a cost of $8000. Mr. William J. Gorham, president of the Gorham Rubber Co. (San Francisco) sailed from New York on October 9 for a visit to Europe. ^The Rubber and Celluloid Harness Trimming Co (New- ark, New Jersey) are interested in a rubber plantation in Honduras from which thej- are receiving more or less culti- vated rubber. They find that the Central rubber from that region is excellent for their rubber specialties. ^The specialty factory of the A. W. FaberCo., at Newark, New Jersey, has lately received substantial enlargement through the construction of a large three story brick build- ing. This company, by the way, not only manufacture pencil tips, erasers, and rubber specialties for the great Faber business in the United States, but they also make all of the rubber goods for the German, French, and English Faber factories, and in addition supply the Egyptian government and the government of India with the special rubber bands made under government specifications and stamped with the broad arrow. =The P. F. U. Rubber Co. (Durango, Colorado) are still at work extracting rubber and carrj-ing on extensive experi- ments, which \\\\\ go to show whether the "rabbit weed " can be successfully cultivated. The first rubber that thej- got out cost them considerablj- over j;i a pound and they have reduced that cost now to So cents. The rubber samples which they show are valued roughlj- at the rate of §1 a pound. =The Dunlop Tire and Rubber Goods Co. (Toronto), who advertise e.xtensiveU' throughout Canada, have adopted in all their advertising matter the "simplified spelling" to which so much attention has been attracted lately by Presi- dent Roosevelt's advocacy of it. = Mr. Paul Lacroix, of Paris, France, a personal repre- sentative of the Michelins, is now visiting the United vStates. ;The Michelin Products Selling Co., Inc. (New York), have opened a pneumatic tire agency at No. 3804 Olive street, St. Louis, Mr. H. L. Doyle being the manager. = Mr. E. D. Winans has resigned his position as general manager of the Michelin Products Selling Co., Inc. (Nos. 31-33 West Thirty-first street. New York). Mr. Winans is in ill health and will go to California for a rest. Mr. Edward W. Elverson, treasurer of the Michelin Products company, has taken control of its affairs as general manager, succeed- ing Mr. Winans. =Mr. Charles Motz, of Akron, Ohio, is at work on a new solid tire, which he expects shortly- to put on the market. November 1906.] THE INDIA RUBBER WORLD 61 =The Elastro Manufacturing Co., of Hartford, September 15, under Connecticut laws ; Capital, §50,000. To manufac- ture a resilient compound, to serve as a substitute for rub- ber. Incorporators : H. B. Pliilbrick, Charles H. Cooley, Edward S. Young, L. S. Lewis, and C. H. Cooley, Jr., all of Hartford. =The Los Soldados Rubber Co., which, bj' the way, is a rubber plantation that is a close corporation, and sitviated in the state of Vera Cruz, Mexico, have recently been using one of Christy's coagulating machines, and find that it does excellent work. The only difficulty in operating it that has been found is not due to the machine itself but to the lack of a gasoline motor, the present tj'pe being " mozo " power, which, however, is all right for experimental work. = By the time this item is in type Mr. William J. Gorham, of the Gorham Rubber Co., San Francisco, will have recov ered from his Atlantic seasickness and have landed on the shores of Germany. His errand over there is the collection of some $35,000 worth of insurance which a certain German insurance company refuses to pay. The consensus of opin- ion in the rubber trade is that Mr. Gorham will not onl}' get the insurance money, but anything else that he really wants in Germany. =Michelin Products Selling Co., Inc. (New York), invited a number of their friends in the trade to visit their tent near the grand stand at the Vanderbilt Cixp races. They had ar- ranged for 100 cots for use during the preceding night, and refreshments were served before the race started on Satnrdaj- morning. =The Para Recovery Co. inform The India Rubber World that a very large American rubber manufacturer has just placed an order with them for 500 tons of their Mexican Yucatan rubber, shipments to be made ten tons per week. =An early touch of winter was experienced over a wide area on October 11, snow falling at Buffalo and other points in upper New York State, at Cleveland, Ohio, and at various places in Pennsylvania and Michigan. Heavy snow was general throughout western Ontario. This does not prove, of course, that there is to be more snow than usual this winter, but it encouraged the rubber shoe dealers none the less. =Electric Rubber Manufacturing Co. (Rutherford, New Jer.sej') are marketing what they term the " M. T. " triple strength inner tubes for automobile tires, which take their name from a special compounding ingredient, " M. T. " =Tlie merit of " Atmoid " for use in the manufacture of high grade acid tubing of rubber is emphasized by the ma- kers, The Rubber Chemical Co., Limited, of Birmingham, Englan J. = Bids were opened on October 19 for supplying the New York fire department with an unusuallj^ large quantity of hose. The Manhattan Rubber INIanufacturing Co. were the successful bidders for supplying 50,000 feet of 2'/, inch hose — one of the largest orders ever placed by the department. The Continental Rubber Works (Erie, Pa.) were the success- ful bidders on 2500 feet lyi inch hose ; 10,000 feet 3 inch hose ; and 1 100 feet 3^^ inch hose. =The Schaefer Rubber Co. was incorporated September 26, 1906, under Ohio laws ; capital, $50,000. Incorpora- tors : Eugene and William E. Schaefer, Jacob H. Yost, and W. T. Porter. To continue the business of J. H. Koh- mescher &Co., retail rubber goods, Cincinnati. =The Niagara Rubber Co., at Lockport, N. Y., was incor- porated October 23, 1906, under New York laws ; capital, $250,000. Directors: H. Walters, A. M. Cheney, and J. B. Ross, of Jamestown, N. Y. = The four related wholesale and retail rubber stores or- ganized and managed by Mr. Isaac Crocker continue to do a flourishing business — the Lowell Rubber Co., at Lowell, Mass. ; Lawrence Rubber Co., Lawrence, Mass. ; Crocker Rubber Co., Brockton, Mass. ; and Hope Rubber Co., Provi- dence, R. I. =The Canadian Consolidated Rubber Co., of which Mayor Geo. W. Stephens is president, and D. Lome McGibbon manager, has purchased the Maple Leaf Rubber Co., of Port Valhousie, Ontario, for $350,000.00. = Dr. Durand Woodman, technical chemist, of New York, has returned from a vacation spent in sailing and fishing and incidentally in a study of the water supply of Cooperstown, N. Y., with reference to its future possibilities of contami- nation. = Mr. H. J. Koehler, of the aiitomobile trade in Newark, N. J., reports that the " Buick " motor car entered by his house at the Atlantic Q'\\.y races was run to and from that city (about 150 miles) and all through the races without the tires requiring any attention. They were the Goodyear Quick Detachable tires. = National Metal Back Rubber Tiling Co., was incorpo- rated October 2, 1906, under IMaine laws, with $500,000 capital authorized. The incorporators are M. W. Baldwin, of Portland, Me. (president and clerk), C. E. Eaton (treas- urer), J. J. Herman. Mr. Baldwin is the manager of the Corporation Trust Co,, from which it is inferred that the first board is composed of " dummj' " directors. =Messrs. V. Lespinas, G. Lespinas, and G. Ogier, of the important tire factory of Michelin et Cie. (Clennont Ferrand), are now on a visit to the United States, for the purpose of studying the tire industry and trade here. =Dow Tire Co. was incorporated October 22, 1906, under New York laws, with $1,500,000 capital stated, and head- quarters at Phoenicia, Ulster county, N. Y. Directors : Sidney B. Perry, James Gillin, Jr., and William L. Jiorris, all of New York city. =Mr. G. C. Mandleberg of the firm of J. Mandleberg & Co., Limited (Manchester, England), was a recent visitor to the United States and also to Canada, where the companj- have a large factory. =The American Chicle Co., in addition to the regular monthlj' dividend of i per cent, on the common stock, pay- able on November 20, will disburse on that date an extra dividend of i per cent. =The Rubber Products Co. filed articles of incorporation October 11, 1906, under Ohio laws, with $100,000 capital authorized. Incorporators : Harvey Musser, George C. Kohler, Arthur S. Mottinger, William H. Gillie, and J. A. Kohler, of Akron and Barberton, Ohio. =Mr. Joseph H. Gilbert who for some years has been con- nected in an official capacitj^ with the Firestone Tire and Rubber Co. (Akron, Ohio) has been selected to succeed Mr. Emil Grossman, as general and sales manager of the Conti- nental Caoutchouc Co., the American agency for Continen- tal tires. =The Beacon Falls Rubber Shoe Co. have recently made an important addition to their boot ticket. 62 THE INDIA RUBBER WORLD [November i, 1906. = Mr. Willis A. Darling, formerly with the Republic Rub- ber Co., has connected himself with the Continental Rubber Works (Erie, Pa.), as manager of the mechanical goods de- partment for New York. = The plant formerly owned bj' the Madeira Rubber Co. (Hyde Park, Mass ) has been purchased by the New England Rubber Manufacturing Co., who will continue to make the lines manufactured by the old company and add molded goods. = A reclaiming plant is to be erected in connection with the Elkhart Rubber Works (Elkhart, Indiana), to be oper- ated, it is reported, by a new company to be organized sub- sidiary to the Elkhart Rubber Works. = Mr. J. Stewart Smith, who for three years has been in charge of the metropolitan district for the Continental Caoutchouc Co. has become Eastern sales manager for the Electric Rubber Co. (Rutherford, N. J.) makers of the Pan- ther tires, and will shortly open New York headquarters and salesrooms. =The Trenton Gutta-Percha and Rubber Separating Co. filed articles of incorporation in New Jersey October 18, 1906. signed by Manfred Naar, Edgar L. Kerns, and Samuel Baron. Capital, Sioo,ooo ; registered office, No. 17 East State street, Trenton. = Victor Auto Tire Repair Co., of Passaic, N. J., was in- corporated October 18, 1906 ; capital, $50,000. Incorpo- rators : Victor E. Butler, Allan M. Chalmers, Cornelius Post, and James Maitland. = The thirty- fourth annual meeting oi the Carriage Build- ers' National Association of the United States, held at At- lanta, Georgia, on October 23-25, had in connection with it, as usual, an exhibition of carriage materials and parts. This was held at the Piedmont Fair grounds, and embraced a number of exhibits from the rubber trade, embracing carriage and automobile tires, carriage cloth, rubber mats and other like accessories. = Notice has been given at the factories of the Woonsocket Rubber Co. and the National India Rubber Co. of a reduc- tion of the working day from 10 to 9 hours, without reduc- tion of pay. Also at the factories of the Boston Rubber Shoe Co. and the .\merican Rubber Co. The question of a like reduction at the other shoe factories of the United States Rubber Co. has been under consideration. =The annual meeting of the shareholders of the Pennsyl- vania Rubber Co. was held at Jeannette, Pa., on October 17, when Herbert DuPuy, F. A. Wilcox, andH. Wilfred DuPuy were reelected directors. They thereupon elected the fol- lowing officers ; Herbert DuPuy, president ; F. A. Wilcox, vice president ; H. Wilfred DuPuy, treasurer and general manager ; George W. Shiveley, secretary ; Wilmer Dunbar, general superintendent. The report showed that the com- pany had enjoyed a very prosperous j'ear, and orders and contract already booked give promise of still greater busi- ness during the coming season. =The Good}-ear Rubber Insulating Company, with offices and works in Jersey City, filed a certificate of dissolution of the corporation in the office of the Secretary of State at Trenton, October 29. The company was incorporated Jan- uary 3, 1898, with a capital of $5000, divided into 100 shares of a par value of $50 each. The incorporators were Albert C. Wall, of South Orange, N. J., Frederick S. Minott, of Mt. Kisco, N. \' , and Theodore Blake, of New Haven, Conn. Minott was president, and Blake secretary and treasurer. "NEW ENGLAND S BIGGEST RUBBER STORE. On the 15th of the month past, The Enterprise Rubber Co. took possession of their fine, new quarters at No. 1 10 Federal street, Boston. The store when completed will be just what President Barker of the company characterizes it in his an- nouncements, " The Biggest Rubber Store in New England ", while in arrangement and furnishing, it is the ambition of the head of the company to make it the best. All told, the store has some 26,000 square feet of floor space. This is divided into a fine, light base- ment, where me- chanical rubber goods will be stored and where .1 large general repair depart- ment is to be placed ; the first floor, where are the executive of- fices, sample ta- bles and in the rear racks for the storing of goods ; then the second and third and part of the fourth floors, which will be used at present for the carrying of a complete stock of the various lines handled. It is the first floor, however, that attracts the instant attention of the visitor — finished in quarter oak, with half balconies on either side, the windows being the largest single plates of glass in Boston and with the executive offices, sample rooms and stock tables arranged in the most practical manner it strikes one at once as being a distinct business proposition, and yet at the same time having a degree of elegance not often found in rubber stores. Of course, there are freight elevators, passenger elevators, telephone trunk lines, electric lights and every modern con- venience that enterprise can suggest. The lines to be car- ried, in addition to the Candee rubbers and the general line of rubber clothing and mackintoshes which the Enterprise have always handled, will be a full line of the goods manu- factured by The Peerless Rubber Manufacturing Co., for which The Enterprise Rubber Co. are now the exclusive New England agents, a complete line of druggists' sundries, and of automobile and cjxle tires. The addition to the sell- ing force are Mr. A. P. Speare, formerly with The Repiiblic Rubber Co., IMr. L. Hinds, formerly with Prescott Brothers, of Boston, and Mr. Gordon Hall, the well known mill sup- ply man. RUBBER RECLAIMERS ORGANIZE. A MEETING of reclaimers and manufacturers who buy scrap rubber was held on October 19 at No. 42 Broadway, New York, attended by twentj--two members of the trade. Mr. F. H. Appleton presided and Mr. W. C. Coleman acted as secretary. An executive committee was named, consist- ing of Messrs. J. K. Mitchell, of the Philadelphia Rubber works ; W. T. Rodenbach, of the United States Rubber Co. ; Arthur W. Clapp, of the E. H. Clapp Rubber Co. ; R. A. I^owenthal, of the U. S. Rubber Reclaiming Works ; and J. November i, 1906.] THE INDIA RUBBER \A/ORLD 63 A. Lambert, of the Eureka Rubber Manufacturing Co., of Trenton, N. J. The intention is to maintain a social organ- ization rather to attempt to control prices. BOSTON WOVEN HOSE AND RUBBER CO. TiiK figures following are a statement of condition of this company on September i, 1906, and for the corresponding period 1905 : ASSETS. 1906 190$, Cash I 188,128.74 I 103,610.89 Cash advanced for goods not vol received 28,419.01 53,661.38 Accounts receivable 499,996.32 442.915 90 Merchahdise (Raw, in process, and finished 1 501,58211 496,083.52 Machinery and tools 244,848.00 263,298.00 Land and buildings 205,150.00 186,700.00 luirniUire i.oo i.oo Patents i.oo i.oo Total Ji, 668,126.18 $1,54627169 I,I.\I!1I,ITIES. 1906. 1905. Capital stock ;f 1,200,000.00 $1,200,000.00 Loans None. 64 500.00 .Vcconnts payable 10,604.72 17,997.50 Surjilus 457,521.46 263.774-19 Total I 1, 668,126.18 11.546,271.69 NEW YO'iK STOCK EXCHANGE TR \NSACTIONS. United States Rubber Co. : DATES Week ending Sept. 22 Week ending Sept. 29 Week ending Oct. 6 Week ending Oct. 13 Week ending Oct. 20 Week ending Oct. 29 Common, Sales. 18,270 23330 59 620 8,000 8,13- Mi 5b'/i 58 59'A .S I 'i Preferreil \...:v. Sal«s. n.gh. Low. 53.34- 4.500 io9>^ 54 2,350 1 10% no 48M 2,900 III loSU 49>^ 3,i)00 1 10 Jls I ro 47 'A 1,110 [, ,. ) ' 'S SECOND PKKFERRED. Wkek ending- Sales High Low ■Sept. 22. 400 80% 80 Sept 29. 100 79 'A Oct. 6. 800 80 Oct. 13. 300 79K Oct. 20. 10 78'A 78A Oct. 27. PERSONAL MENTION. Mr. Lons H. Ayme, for three years United States consul at Para, has been appointed consul general at Lisbon, Por- tugal. His successor in the Para consulate is !Mr. George H. Pickerill. = Mr. H. N. Towner, of Towner & Co., rubber goods job- bers, Memphis, Tenne.ssee, has been elected president of the executive committee of the JNIeniphis Industrial League. = M'- Ernest E. Buckleton, secretary and general man- ager of the Northwestern Rubber Co., Limited (Liverpool), has been on a visit recently to the United States. = The sales department and branch managers throughout Canada, of the Canadian Rubber Co., of Montreal, I^imited, recently presented Mr. J. M. S. Carroll — as a mark of esteem on the occasion of his recent marriage — with a massive solid silver tea and cofTee dinner service, each piece engraved with the recipient's monogram. =The corner stone of the Colt Memorial High School, presented to the town of Bristol, Rhode Island, by Colonel Samuel P. Colt, in memory of his mother, Theodora DeWolf Colt, was laid on October 16, with Masonic ceremonies. Among those participating were Governor Utter, Judge Le Baron B. Colt (a brother of Colonel Colt), President Faunce of Brown Universitj-, and Principal Charles F. Cape, of the state normal school. The new building will be an ornament to the town, and the estimated cost is $250,000. =On October 20 Miss Elsie Webster, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. George Milton Allerton, of Naugatuck, Connecticut, was married to Mr. Ralph Bristol. TRIBUTE TO MR. GEORGE F. HODGMAN. At a meeting of the Rubber Sundries Manufacturers' Association, held at the Hotel Astor, in New York, on Octo- ber 18, 1906, the following tribute to the late Mr. Hodgman was adopted ; WiiHRKAS, Mr. George F. Hodgman. president of this Associa- tion, departed this life on September 28, 1906 ; Whereas, The success of the Rubber Sundries Manufacturers' Association was largely due to his untiring energy, sound judg- ment, and deep interest in our Association, as presiding officer and a member of the executive conunitlee ; and. Whereas, His genial character and personality has endeared him in the affection and admiration of all who had the great pleasure to know him in his long and honorable life, and none more than the members of this Association ; be it, J^csolved, That the members of the Rubber Sundries Manufac- turers' A.s.sociation through the death of our late president, Mr. George F. Hodgman, has suffered an irreparable loss ; and further. Resolved, That in commemoration of the esteem and love in which he was held by the members of this .Association, and as evi- dence of their sorrow over his death and of their sympathy with his stricken family, this preamble and resolution be spread upon the minutes of this Association, and that a copy be forwarded to the family of our deceased associate and beloved friend. E. E. HUBER, Secretary. RUBBER PLANTATIONS INIURED. IVTEWS comes from Nicaragua of a cyclone and tidal wave -^ » that seems to have done much damage. To begin with, the little city of Bluefields is practically in ruins, and it is rumored that Pearl Lagoon is wiped out. Further than this the banana plantations have been destroyed, and report is that a part of the rubber growdng on the Manhattan and Cukra plantations has been destroyed. Just how badlj- the rubber is damaged no one knows as yet. Mr. Gordon Wal- dron, of the Cukra plantation, is now on his way to Nica- ragua and others of the planters who were north are also returning home. Whatever the damage, the impulse of the plantation companies is at once to replant and go ahead with their proposition, as the trees that were already com- ing into bearing had proved the planting proposition to be a good one. The Bluefields American (October 15) reports the complete destruction of the town of Pearl Lagoon, and adds : " In the near vicinity of the town, the rubber and banana planta- tions, with some of the buildings, were also laid flat by the unsparing elements. Among the plantations destroyed are the big Cukra (bananas and rubber), Manhattan (rubber) the rubber and banana plantations of Mr. McCullough, Captain J. A. Peterson, and, in fact, all those of that district." There were probably 450,000 well developed rubber trees. Wm. Jas. & Hy. Thompson report [October 13] : Payd. — Judging by the large increase in American deliveries during the past three months a good business has been done in the States, but the heavy stocks held in Europe have prevented any material advance in prices from this cause. From now up to the end of next March we should see increasing supplies, and unless a very active demand crops up we do not think higher prices will be justified. 64 THE INDIA RUBBER AA/^ORLO [November i, 1906. THE TRADE IN SAN FRANCISCO. BY A RESIDENT CORRESPONDENT. nr^HE offices and salesrooms of the Goodyear Rubber Co. are now located in the new building which the San Francisco branch of the company has built at tlie old site, No. 573 Market, in the heart of the burned district, which is the same location occupied by the firm for 35 years. Presi- dent R. H. Pease, of the companj' is very sanguine as to the outcome of business prosperity of the city. "There never was a time " he said, "When the demand for goods of all kinds was so active on the Pacific coast and especially in San Francisco, when prices were so firm, and when cash payments were so frequent as the present. The new life which the great work of rebuilding has instilled in the peo- ple has placed btisiness and the commercial supremacy of the city on a firmer basis than ever. We are now carrying a complete line the same as before, and we intend soon to have a permanent building erected. Our temporary quarters are 60X155 ^^^ in dimensions with two floors and a base- ment. Our new factory on Spear street is fitted up with a complete line of modern machinery and manufacturing goods the same as before the fire. " The Phoenix Rubber Co. is a new firm which has sprung up since the fire, the principals having been formerly con- nected with the Boston Woven Hose and Rubber Co. The proprietors of the new firm are Austin Kanzee and James D. Ralph and they have permanently located in anew building, constructed for their exclusive purposes, at Nos. 115-117 Beale street. The building is not quite completed, but will soon be in working order with a factory for valves, gaskets, moulded rubber goods, and with a repair plant for auto tires. They are handling the Republic Rubber Co. 's line of auto- mobile and vehicle tires, belting, etc. They are also handl- ino- the general lines of the Continental Rubber Works, and the Chicago Belting Co. 's leather belting. The Boston Woven Hose and Rubber Co., who were burned out in April, are now located at No. 4S Stewart street, San Francisco. Mr. Joseph V. Selby continues as their Pacific coast manager. The Gorham Rubber Co. has its new factory and sales- rooms at Jso. 105 Fremont street in complete running order. A number of men are employed in the tire department, the repair department is going full blast, and the factor}- has all of the work that it can handle. This firm will proceed soon to erect a new and permanent building on Fremont street. It will be five stories with basement, all 60 X I37 feet. Mr. W. J. Gorham is now in Germany, and his purpose in being there is to see what he can do with one of the insurance com- panies about collecting his losses. The George E. Dow Pumping Engine Co., No. 179 First street, contemplate entering into the field for rubber supplies although they have not yet decided upon what lines they will handle. The new offices of the Revere Rubber Co., at 530 Mission street, although in the midst of the ruins are very comfort- ably fitted inside and are in a very convenient and acces- sible location. Barton, Squires & B3'rne, a new firm which was formed onlj- a short time before the fire, the members having for- merly been connected with the Pacific Coast Rubber Co., are crowded in their new offices at No. 27 Commercial street. "Business in San Francisco is rushing," said Mr. Squires, "and we have put on two new salesmen this month." This firm is having a new brick building erected for their use, on Howard street. This firm has a factor}- out on Hampshire street where it is turning out ring and spiral packings. The Fisk Rubber Co. has permanently located in its new- quarters at No. 1036 Golden Gate avenue, where thej' have a nicely appointed store and complete stock of the various manufacturers whom they represent. R. F. Thompson has taken the position of manager for the San Francisco branch and he took charge a month ago. He was formerlj' con- nected with The B. F. Goodrich Co. Mr. G. E. Johnson, the Pacific coast manager of The Fisk Rubber Co. is now in Seattle, Washington, where he is superintending the open- ing of the firm's new branch in that city at No. 719 East Pike street. This makes three branches which the firm has on the Coast, the other being in Los Angeles. Otto Richter, treasurer of the Pacific Coast Rubber Co., which takes in the Washington Rubber Co., of Seattle and Tacoma, made a trip to San Francisco recently for the pur- pose of looking into the matter of erecting a new factory in this city. The American Rubber Manufacturing Co., Mr. Oliver manager, whose place of business on Spear street was com- pletely destroyed by the fire, and who are now located in new- quarters at Emeryville, across the bay, have fitted up a new factory and are doing a flourishing business. The Hon. L. D. Apsley, of the Apsley RtibberCo., was in San Francisco lately. He expressed himself as being sur- prised at the remarkable progress which the business houses had made toward getting reestablished. Other recent visitors to the trade in San Francisco were Messrs. F. B. Mcllroy, of the Mcllroj' Belting and Hose Co. (Chicago) and James F. Giles, representing the American Hard Rubber Co. M. Bj-rne, factory superintendent of the Goodyear Rubber Co., has invented a rubber cushion heel which has received favorable attention. A NEW TIRE COMPANY IN PROSPECT. JOHN M.vcMILLAN, of Milwaukee, and Charles G.Fawkes have withdrawn from the Milwaukee Rubber Works Co. , and will establish a new factory for the manufacture of the ' ' Fawkes Airless ' ' tires and other articles, patents for which they control. While the "Fawkes " tire as manufactured hitherto has given general satisfaction, yet they claim to have improvements which will greatly increase its popular- ity and insure a larger demand. ]\Ir. MacMillan is a capa- ble, energetic and successful man with a wide experience in business and well posted in rubber, while Mr. Fawkes is an excellent mechanic and has accomplished in the " Fawkes " tire what so many so called experts thought impossible. They are considering a number of propositions for locat- ing, and will accept the proposition of the city ofiering them the most inducements. Thej' are at present in Milwaukee, where they will remain until they decide upon a permanent location. The Stoughton Rubber Co. are making a very substan- tial addition to their factory. November i, 1906.] THE INDIA RUBBER WORLD 65 REVIEW OF THE CRUDE RUBBER MARKET. THE market has continued, during the past month, in a stable condition. It has been almost without fluc- tuation, but with a gradually upward tendency for the I'an'i sorts, closing both higher than at the be- ginning of the month and with more firmness. Buying appears more active of late, which would have the effect of stiffen- ing prices, and the increase of arrivals at Para since July i over last season's figures has not been maintained. Stocks of some grades have been very low, particularly of coarse Para, the advance in which has been more marked than in the case of the fine grades. There are fewer changes to record in Africans and Cen- trals, the demand for which has been only moderate dur- ing the month. The tendency has been upward, however, as shown in the results of the Antwerp sale on October 23 — an average advance of about 2".' cents a pound. Arrivals at Para of all grades (including Caucho) since the beginning of the crop year have been : 1903. July tons 12S0 August 1230 September 2010 October 2440 1904. «905- ■ 906. 1250 1450 1840 1260 1300 l6c)0 1780 2200 1930 2820 3580 a 0000 Total. 6960 71 10 8530 [a— To October 27, 1906.] Following is a statement of prices ago, one month ago, and on October PARA. November I, '05. Islands, fine, new iiS@n9 Islands, fine, old none here Upriver, fine, new I2i@i22 Upriver, fine, old '32@133 Islands, coarse, new 68@ 69 Islands, coarse, old none here Upriver, coarse, new 89® 90 Upriver, coarse, old none here Caucho (Peruvian) sheet. .. . 70® 71 Caucho (Peruvian) ball 85® 86 Ceylon (Plantation) fine sheet AFRICAN. Sierra Leone, i st qual. Massai, red Benguella Cam roon ball Accra flake Lopori ball, prime. . . Lopori strip, prime. . Madagascar, pinky. . Ikeleniba Soudan niggers of Par.T grades, 29 — this date : October i, '06. 119(^120 none here 1 23® 1 24 126(3127 67® 68 none here ® 92 none here 75® 76 91® 92 .. i42@i43 one vear October 29. II9@I20 none here I24@I25 I28(ai2g 72® 73 none here 96® 97 none here 77® 78 95® 96 1 39® 1 40 104 ®I05 104 ®io5 79 ® 80 77 ® 78 21!^® 22 115 ®ii6 @io8 ® 92 ®ii7 ® 94 107 91 116 93 CENTRALS. Esmeralda, sausage. .. Guayaquil, strip Nicaragua, scrap Panama, slab Mexican, scrap Mexican, slab Mangabeira, sheet Guayule EAST INDIAN. Assam Borneo 91® 92 75® 76 89® 90 67® 68 89® 91 67® 68 66® 67 40®42i 93® 94 39® 49 Per Kilo. . . .6S900 . . .4I800 4$500 Late Para cables quote : Per Kilo. Islands, fine 5$9CC Upriver, fine Islands, coarse 3S000 Upriver, coarse. . . Exchange, iSy'^rf. Last ManSos advices : Upriver, fine 7J000 Upriver, coarse. . . . Exchange, iSrt''- NEW YORK RUBBER PRICES FOR JULY (NEW RUBBER). 1906. 1905. 1904. Upriver, fine 1.22 @ 1.24 1.28® 1.3: I.i2@i.i9 Upriver, coarse. . . .89(2) .91 .90(0} .95 .87®. .91 Islands, fine i.i8@i.2o 1.25 @ 1.28 1.09® 1. 15 Islands, coarse 64® .65 .68® .71 -63® .66 Cameta 69® .71 -71® .76 .64® .66 NEW YORK RUBBER PRICES FOR AUGUST (NEW RUBBER). 1906. 1905. I904» Upriver, fine 1.22 ft' 1.24 1.27 ©1.29 I.i8@i.2l Upriver, coarse 90 ("j .92 .90® .92 .90® .91 Islands, fine i.i8®i.20 1.25 @ 1.27 1.14®!. 16 Islands, coarse 65® .67 .68® .70 .65® .67 Camet4 68 (Vy .70 -71 @ -73 .65 ® .66 NEW YORK PRICES FOR SEPTEMBER (NEW RUBBER). 1904. $I.09((<|l.2I .85® .91 1.07® 1. 16 .59("i -67 .60® .66 1906. 1905. Upriver fine %i ii%%\.2\ $1.29®$!. 32 Upriver coarse 92® .94 .91® .94 Islands fine 1.18® 1.20 i.26(^ 1.29 Islands coarse 66® .69 .69® .72 Cametfi 68® .70 .71® .74 Statistics of Para Rubber {.Excluding Caucho). NEW YORK. Fine and Coarse. Total. Total. Total. Medium. 1906. 1905. 1904. Stocks, .August 31 tons 87 6 = 93 316 93 Arrivals, September 677 316= 993 513 691 Aggregating 764 Deliveries, September 629 322 1086 Stocks, September 30. . 135 301 = 930 21 = 156 S29 512 784 740 517 44 PARA. ENGLAND. 1906. 1905. 1904. 1906. 1905. 1904. Stocks, August 31 tons 450 275 360 700 380 200 .Arrivals, September 1930 2055 174 1 635 652 593 .'i.ggregatitig 2380 2330 2101 1335 1032 793 Deliveries, September 1930 1853 1728 850 725 575 Stocks, September 30. . . 1450 477 373 485 307 218 1906. 1905. 1904. a World's visible supply, September 30./o«i 1885 1967 1463 Para receipts, July i to September 30 4795 4535 396' Para Receipts of Caucho, same dates 630 385 349 Afloat froui Para to United States, Sept. 30. 264 307 303 Afloat from Para to Europe, September 30. 530 499 525 a— Not includitig lioldings in Continental Europe. VISIBLE SUPPLIES AT THE END OF SEPTEMBER, REPORTED FROM ANOTHER SOURCE. Stocks at— Para. Pard tons 470 Liverpool 490 Continent 250 New York 290 Afloat Pard-Europe 530 " Para- America 270 " England-America 50 Caucho. Total. 20 = 490 50 =- 540 20 = 270 50 = 340 50. = 580 10 = 280 — = 50 Total 2350 =2550 Rubber Scrap Prices. New York quotations — prices paid by consumers for car- load lots in cents per pound — are somewhat higher through- out the list : Old Rubber Boots and Shoes - Domestic 9 V ® 9^ Do -Foreign 8^ ® &H Pneumatic Bicycle Tires 7^^ ® 75^ .Automobile Tires 10 ® loj^ Solid Rubber Wagon and Carriage Tires 8?/ ® %% White Trimmed Rubber ll'A ® nU Heavv Black Rubber S/i ® sfi Air Brake Hose 4^4 ® 5 Fire and Large Hose 3^ ® 3H Garden Hose 2>^ ® 2?/ Matting I}4 ® iH 66 THE INDIA RUBBER WORLD [November i, 1906. In regard to the financial situation, Albert B. Beers (broker in India-rubber, No. 6S William street, New York) reports : " During October the money market has continued strong, and the demand for paper has been very spasmodic, mostly from out-of-town banks, at rates running from 6 to 7 per cent." Rubber Receipts at Manaos. During September and three months of the crop season for three years [courtesy of Messrs. Schol/ & Co.] : From - RioPuriis.^cre ...Ions 202 Rio Madeira 370 Rio Jurud 173 Rio Javary -Iquitos. . . . 392 Rio Soliuioes 54 Rio Negro 4 September. 1906 1Q05. 1904 511 3'6 222 444 106 J U L Y - S H P T K M H K R . 403 190 6S 32 3 Total 1 195 Caucho 23S 1600 212 40 1900. 987 904 328 541 116 4 28S0 475 1905- 1 1 67 786 316 564 210 6 3049 398 1904. 909 672 215 281 42 3 2122 218 Total. . . 1433 Ibi2 929 3355 3447 2340 'Bordeaux. .\t the inscription sale on October 16 the quantit\' of rubber offered was 122,744 kilos, of which 53,690 was sold. Soudan nig- gers brought 8.27,'i @ 10.52I2 francs ; Madagascar Majunga, 10.25 ; Mexican scraps, 9.85 ; Ecuador scraps, 10 (11; 10.60 ; Ecuador strips, 9.35 (n\ III francs. Antiverp. At the inscription sale on October 23, at which about 419 tons of rubber were offered, the prices realized showed an average advance over estimations of 25 centimes per kilo, or about 2 '^ cents per pound. ANTWERP RUBBER STATISTICS FOR .-\UGUST. Details. 1906. 1905- 819.559 509,389 375.263 134.126 1904. 1903. 1902. Stocks, July T,l.ki/oi Arrivals in August. , Congo sorts Other sorts 531.441 578,122 438,005 140,117 872,746 244,704 221 ,665 23.039 377.527 347,062 322,136 24,926 689,772 321,192 294073 27,119 Aggregating . . . Sales in August .... 1,109,563 422,696 686,867 1,328,948 770,746 558,202 1,117,450 514,955 724 589 404,603 1,010,964 254,563 Stocks, August 31. . 602,495 319,986 756,401 Arrivals since Jan. 1 Congo sorts Other sorts 3.933.727 2 998,843 934.884 3,982,047 3.719,673 2.911,293 80S 380 3,709,621 3. 0-19. 256 640,365 3.326,394 2.971 328 355.066 3,558,836 3.295 549 263,287 Sales since Jan. 1 . . . 3,702,832 3,718,026 3,664,513 3,217.144 Oct. 2. RUBBER ARRIVALS AT ANTWERP. -By the Alberlvillc, from the Congo : 87,000 700 22 000 3.500 58 000 Bunge & Co (G^n^rale Africaine) kilos Do ( Grand Lacs ) Do (Societe A B I R) Do ( Comity Katanga ) Do ( Cie. du Kasai ) Comptoir Commercial Congolais 9.000 M. S. Cols (Alima) 5,000 Soci^t^ Coloniale Anversoise 9,000 Do (Lulonga) i,,5O0 Do (Lomami) 6,500 Do 2,CKX3 Society G^n^rale de Commerce (Alimaienne) 7,500 L. & \V. Van de Velde 6,000 21; Ceylon {Plantation) Rubber Exports, 1906. DETAII.^ — BY WEEKS. January i to .\ug 13. . . Week ending Aug. 20. . Week ending -Aug. 27. . Week ending Sept. 3.. Week ending Sept. 10.. Week ending Sept. 17.. POUNDS. ,177,691 , 11,840 . 5.896 ■ 9 975 . 4,681 , I2,Il8 POUNDS. Total, igo6 222,201 Same dates, 1905 84,408 Same dates, 1904 45,666 Same dates, 1903 28,821 DESTINATION. Great Britain 155.006 Australia 2,772 United .States 50,877 France 3,307 Germany 9,467 Belgium 772 London. LONDON RUBBER SALES. OcTOHKR 5. — Plantation grown Pard in good demand. Small sales have been made privately at 55. yrf. (S; 55. T%d. for fine bis- cuits and sheet and 55. "]%(!, (") 55 T^/^d. for fine crepe. Block in- quired for. [Price of fine Pard, 5i. ii/.] No auctions to-day. October 12. — The market has been quiet but ste.idy during the fortnight Quotations are rather higher, but not much business has been done. Hard fine spot and near has sold at 5.S. i %d. @ $s. 2d. Fair sales of fine Islands at $s. \d Sales of old Bolivian up 1055. 3(/., acconling to age. Fine MoUendo at 5J. At to-days auction medium grades in good supply and most sorts selling well at full prices. Assams in better demand and No. i sold at 3J. gJ^^iA (iiy lod. Mattogrosso mangabeira sheet 35 i%d. @ ^s. id. Mozam- bique fine clean small ball (red) 4.S. S^^d. @ 4s. <)%d. Madagascor pinky up to 3^. T%d. Plantation. — At to-day's auction 407 packages Ceylon and Straits rubber, and about 232 sold. The weight amotinted to about 23 tons. .^ fine parcel of crepe from Bukit Rajah estate reahzed up to 5J. Si/. [ = Si.37.i] per pound. Scrap sold up to 45. ()%d. Li'verpool. William Wright & Co. report [October 1] : Pine Para, The market has been active, but at gradually de- clining prices, except for old Bolivian. At the close, prices show a tendency to further lose, but a slight reduction on present values would, we think, lead to a very active trade demand. We do not an- ticipate, even with increased receipts, any " slump " in values ; the requirements of the trade both in Europe and America are suffici- ent to prevent this. On the other hand, it seems to us there is not much chance of a heavy advance. American manufacturers have this season adopted a wise policy in not rushing prices when covering requirements. In our manufacturers may accept about 5 shillings [ = $1.21?] asa sound basis at which to purchase. Edmund SchlIjter & Co. report [September 30] : Fine Pard has ruled quiet and steady during the first three weeks of September, but towards the close of the month prices Ijecame irregular and somewhat easier owing to the decline in the Brazil exchange. Owing to the delay of arrivals at Mandos the re- ceipts during September remained below the estimate, while de- liveries in the trade show an increase in excess of the total crop increase since July i. The position has, therefore, for the time being, gained in strength, and sellers are reluctant to contract for- ward deliveries at a discount. WORLD'S VISIBLE SUPPLY OF P.\RA, SEPTEMBER 30. ■905 1904. 1903- 1902. 2302 5/6 1719 4/9.!2 1870 4/ S 2759 3/ 1 14' 1906. Tons 2274 Prices, hard fine 5/1 LIVERPOOL STOCKS OF AFRICAN RUBBER, 1906 314 1903 217 1905 266 1902 524 1904. 266 402 I90I SEPTEMBER 30. 1900 725 1899 580 1898 3S1 IMPORTS FROM PARA AT NEW YORK. [ 7Vi<' Figures Indicate It'eigitls in Pounds.^ September 35. — By the steamer //z7a'f(5;fl«a' from Manaos and Pard: Importers. Fine. General Rubber Co. .. . 191,600 Poel & Arnold 72,800 N. Y. Commercial Co. . 40,800 A. T. Morse & Co 34 3C0 Edmund Reeks & Co . . 13,000 Hagemeyer & Brunn. . 17,700 Neale &'Co 700 C. P. dos Santos 4.000 ^ledium. Coarse. Caucho. Total. 41,000 80,900 2,500= 316,000 20,500 71,900 2,700= 167,900 9,400 4,700 2,200= 57,100 5.700 8,500 9,300= 57,900 6.500 19,000 ^ 39,000 1,800 5.400 ^= 24,800 700 12,600 = 14,000 600 2,600 = 7.200 Total 374,goo 86,200 206,100 16,700= 683,900 November [906.] THE INDIA RUBBER WORLD 67 October 4. — By the steamer Basil, from Mandosand Pard : General Rubber Co . . . 105,400 16,500 Poel & Ariiolci 58,800 11,100 N. Y. Coiniiiercial Co.. 64,200 5.400 Neale & Co 3,200 Ediuund Reeks & Co. 14,600 6,000 C. P. (los vSantos 22,500 4,300 A. T. Morse & Co 6,Soo 700 Ilageineyer & Brunii. 6,700 2,500 67.400 T= 189,300 73,500 8,200= 13,700 7,700= 5.600 = 1 1 ,400 . . . . = 1 ,500 300= 3,200 = 151 600 9J 000 59,200 32,000 28,600 10 700 9 200 Total 282,200 4,400249,200 16,200= 571,600 October 15.— By the steamer Maranhense, from Mandos and Pard : Poel & Arnold 125,100 General Rut)ber Co. ., . 147,100 N. Y. Commercial Co. 106.300 A. T. Morse & Co 30,500 Edmund Reeks & Co. . 32,600 Xeale & Co 26,700 27,800 105,600 24.300= 282,800 18400 59.900 2,600^ 228,000 21,600 11,200 900= 170,000 1.500 51,800 15,600= 99 40 -J 5.800 14,200 = 52,600 2,100 23.200 = 52,000 Hagemeyer & Brunn .. 41,400 2,900 18,200 Lawrence Johnson & Co 20,000 2,200 Czarnikow.McDougal Co 8,500 Total 538200 80,100 316,300 43,400= October 25. — By the steamer Hubert from Mandos and A. T. Morse & Co 194,600 20,300 71,500 400= N. Y. Commercial Co. 98,300 19,100 19,900 21,000:= General Rubl)er Co... . S9.000 18.600 28,000 ...= Poel & Arnold 88,900 18,400 i9,i(X) 7,4001^ C. P. dos Santos 7i),(xxj 12,100 11,900 =: Neale & Co 11,800 300 43,200 = Kdnuind Recks & Co. 26,400 7,900 8.500 = Haj^emeycr ^i: Hrunn.. 19,100 1,000 2,400 = Meyer & Bnsweiler. . . 5,500 1,300 ^ 62,500 22.200 8,500 978.000 Pard: 286,800 158, 300 135.600 133,800 103,000 55,300 42,800 22,500 6,800 Total 612,600 97, 7of J 205,800 28,800= 944,900 Note. — The Donimic is due on November 4, with 460 tons of Par-'i rubber. PARA RUBBER via EUROPE. POUNDS. Sept. 25.— By the C^or^'c^ Liverpool : New York Commercial Co (Fine) 39,000 Oct. I. — By the f'>MJ^Wa = Liverpool : General Rubber Co. (.Fide) 20,000 Oct. I.— By the /'dMawa— MoUendo : Boston & Bolivia Co. (Fine) S.coo W. R. Grace & Co. ^Caucho) 19,000 24,000 Oct. 3.— By the Oceanic =\J\\'qx^oo\\ Poel & Arnold (Fine) 22, (^oo Oct. .^.— By the Car^^wra^ Liverpool : New York Commercial Co. (Fine).... 22,500 Oct. 6. — By the Caw/fl«ia = Liverpool ; New York Commercial Co. (Fine) ii,5omenian Liverpool : Poel & Arnold {I'"ine) 22,500 Poel & Arnold (Coarse) 17,500 40,000 Oct. 12.— By the 7V7//o«iV= Liverpool : New York Commercial Co. (Fine). ... 11,500 A. T. Morse & Co. (Fine) 11,000 22.500 Oct. 12 —By the/'a/n'cra = Hamburg : New York Commercial Co (Fine) i5iOoo A. T. Morse & Co (Coarse) 13,500 28.500 Oct. 15.— By the ^^r«r/a=Liverpool : Robinson & Stiles (Fine) 93,ooq Oct. 17.— By the Car7Hcnm=Liverpool : New York Commercial Co. (Fine) 20,000 Oct. 18.— By the ^rt///V»Liverpool : A. T. Morse & Co (Fine). 22,500 Oct, 20. — By the /.Mca«/(2='Liverpool : New York Commercial Co (Fine).. 34iOOo OTHER ARRIVALS AT NEW YORK CENTRALS. POUNDS. Sept. 24.— By the <7oi*a~=Pernambuco: Lawrence Johnson & Co 6.000 American Commerce Co 2,500 8.50Q Sept. 25.— By the <7^<7rjeiV=. Liverpool : George A. Alden & Co 15.000 General Rubber Co S.ooo 23,000 Sept. 26.— By the 7V««/= Colombia : Isaac Brandon S: Bros 1,000 D. A. DeLinia & Co 1.000 Mecke & Co i.ooo Kunhardt & Co 1,000 A. Held 1,000 Suzarte & Whitney 500 Punderfotd & Co 500 Escobar & Gorgorza 500 6,500 ' Shi'T. 26. — By the yJrft/ough 4.500 Earle Brothers 3,000 51,000 Sept. 27. — By the /*^««j)'/7/an/"a=Hamburg : A. T. Morse & Co 31.000 George A. Alden & Co 25000 56,000 Oct. I —By the /Tw^Was Liverpool : George A. Alden & Co 75.000 General Rubber Co 34,000 109,000 Oct. 2.— By the Z(?^/aMrf= Antwerp: A. T. Morse A Co 7,000 Oct. 2. — By the CfWr^Liverpool : Poel & Arnold 11 .500 .■\. T. Morse & Co 3.000 A. W. Brunn & Co 1,500 16.000 68 THE INDIA RUBBER WORLD [November i, 1906. AFRICA NS-Oin/iiiucd. Oct 3.— By the Crt^o«ia-=-Livcrpool : George A. Alden & Co 85,000 General Rubber Co ii.Soo Robinson & Stiles 2,500 99,000 Oct. 3. — By the Otf«ra«jlc= Liverpool: Poel & Arnold . ... 9,000 Oct. 5.— By the /iatavta ^H&mhurgi Poel & Arnold 18,000 A T. Morse & Co.... 17.000 George .\. Alden & Co 20,000 55.000 ( )c r. 6. —By the Oiw(/>arti'a= Liverpool : Wallace & Gough 17,000 Kaw Products Co 7,000 A T Morse & Co 5.000 George A. Alden & Co 2.000 31,000 Oct, 6. — By the Lorra:/te=H?i.vTt: : George A. Alden & Co 7.000 Oct. 8.— By La Bretague^Yiavxc. George A AIdcn& Co . . 35.000 Poel & Arnold T,50o 42,000 Oct. 9.— By the A>oOTi/aMrf= An twerp : Poel A Arnold 75.000 Robin 'Jon & Stiles 13,500 A. T. Morse & Co 13.SO0 Rtw Products Co 10.000 Rubber Trading Co 9.000 121,000 Ocr.Q. — By the jl/m«^a/(?/ij=a London . \ T. Morse&Co S.500 Poel & Arnold 5.500 11.000 Oct. 9. -By the A'<7<»rrfa»i=Ro:terdam : Robinson & Stiles 9.000 Oct. 10 — By the A r yne nian=\A\Qr pool : George A. Alden & Co 45.000 A. T. Morse & Co 22,000 67,008 Oct. 12.— By the /'a/«Wa=Hamburg : G'orge A. Alden & Co — 15.000 W. L. Gough 50.00 20,ooo Oct. 21. — By the /"^«/<7«zc=Liverpool : George A. Alden & Co . 27.000 Rubber Trading Co 4.,'joo A. T. Morse & Co 3.500 Raw Products Co 2,000 36,000 Oct. 15 —By the £'/rM/'7'a=Liverpool : General Rubber Co 15 000 George A. Alden & Co. 6,000 A. W. Brunn & Co 3.500 24,500 Oct. 15. — By the P^wm.cw/ar^Lisbonn : General Rubber Co 90,000 Poel & Arnold .... 45,000 135.000 AfRlCANS—Coniinutd. Oct. 18. — By the ^'(i(/^r/an«/=Antwerp : George A. Alden & Co 100,000 Poel & Arnold i(X),ooo A. T. MorscvS: Co 85,000 Robinson & Suies 9,000 General Rubber Co. 10,000 304,000 Oct. 17.— By the Ca>Wia«;a = Liverpool : George A. Alden vfe Co 35.000 General Rubber Co 18000 53,2000 Oct. 18 By the ^a///V= Liverpool : Livesey & Co 11,500 George A. Alden 5.000 A. T. Morse & Co . . 2,500 15,000 Oct. 19. — By the /'a/nc;a»Haniburg: A T Morse&Co 30,000 George A. Alden & Co 25,000 55.000 EAST INDIAN. POUNDS. Sept. 2.\. — By the Miunetonka^l^owdow : A. T. Morse * Co 7.500 George A. Alden & Co 3 500 Wallace L. Gough 3,000 14,000 Sept. 27 — By the PennsyIvania=^2.mh\iT% : A. T. Morse & Co 7,000 George A. Alden & Co 4.500 11,500 Oct. I. — By the Bechnnan Colombo= : .\. T. Morse & Co 5.500 Oct. 3.— By the Mesaba=\^o\\Ao\\ : A. T. Morse& Co . 11.500 George A. Alden & Co 4,000 Robinson & Stiles 4,000 19,500 Oct. 5.— By the Sf. Eg-deri =SingapoTe : George A. Alden & Co 11,500 Oct. 8.— By the Schuy/ki/l=^ Singapore : George A. Alden & Co 15,000 A. T. Morse & Co 11 000 26,000 Oct 12. — By the /"a/Wcra^Hamburg: A. T. Morse & Co 5.000 Wallace L. Gough 4,500 q.500 Oct. 16. — By the A't>ra«Ma=Colombo : A. T. Morse & Co , 7,000 Oct. 16.— By the AliuJieha/ta^'London : General Rubber Co . , 20,000 George A. Alden & Co . . 5,000 25,000 Oct. iS.— By the j5a//'ic= Liverpool : Poel & Arnold ... 7,000 GITTTA-JELUTONG. Sept. 24 —By the ^^'«rfa/M-Rottcrdam : George A. Alden & Co ...... 25,000 Oct. 3 —By the I.owther C'iiJ//'/=Singapore : George A Alden St Co 150,000 William Tappenbach no 000 Htabler & Co. 56,000 L. Littlejohn & Co 56,000 372,000 Oct. 8.— By the Schuylkill ^Singapore : Heabler & Co... . ,,,. 45.000 George A. Alden & Co 65.000 Poel & Arnold , , 55,000 165,000 GUTTA-PERCHA AND BALATA. POUNDS. Sept. 27.— By the /'^Mnjj7z.'a«:a-= Hamburg : Robert Soltau Co 7,000 Oct. 8.— By the .Sf A«>'/*^//=Singapore : Haebler & Co 45,000 Oct. 19. — By the Pfl/Wrm^- Hamburg: Robert Soltau Co 7,000 BALATA. Oct. 5 —By the A'«3r(2Ma=Demerara : George A. Alden & Co 9,500 Oct. 9.— By the 7Vi//jmfln=Demerara: Frame & Co 11.500 A. T.Morse & Co 1,500 Oct. II.— By the A/ifliioa=Demarara: George A. Alden & Co . 11,500 Middleton & Co jo.ooo 21,500 CUSTOM HOUSE STATISTICS. PORT OF NEW YORK — SEPTEMBER. Imports: Pounds. Value, India-rubber 4,396,678 $3,421,959 Gutta-percha 17,064 4.139 Gutta jelutong (Pontianak) i.959t6t>9 67.361 Total 6.372.351 $3,493-459 Exports : India-rubber 34912 | 32,370 Reclaimed rubber , 7.759 1,207 Rubber Scrap Imported 1.509,565 $ 119,860 OFFICIAL STATISTICS OF CRUDE INDIA-RUBBER (in Pounds). UNITED STATES. GREAT BRITAIN. MONTHS. IMPORTS EXPORTS NET IMPORTS. MONTHS. IMPORTS. EXPORTS. NET IMPORTS. 4-073. 37Q 38,210,198 42.283,577 44.679.510 41.630.173 279.179 2,079,678 3,794,200 36.130,520 August, igo6 Tanuarv-Tulv 4,625,264 39,059,104 2 266,096 21,530,096 2,359,168 17,529,008 Tanuary-Tulv Eight months, 1906 Eight months, 1905 .... Eight months, 1904 Ei,i;lit months, 1906 Eight mouths, 1905 Eight months, 1904 2,358,857 2,052,652 2,220,8x8 39.924,720 42,626.858 39,409,305 43,684,368 42,288,960 38,298,848 23,796,1112 23,112 440 22,141,062 19,888,176 19,176,520 16.157,786 GERMANY. BELGIUM t MONTHS IMPORTS EXPORTS. NET IMPORTS. MONTHS. IMPORTS. EXPORTS JNET IMPORTS. .\ugust, 1906 January-July 2,490,840 23,006,500 1,052,260 6,511,780 1,438,580 16,494,720 August, 1906 January-July , 1. 251. 351 12,666,927 1,564,499 7,880,391 313,148 4,786,536 Eight months, 1906 Eight months, 1905 Eight months. 1904 Eight months. 1906 Eight months, 1905 Eight months, 1904 25,497,340 29,686,140 23,755,600 7,564,040 10,169,720 6,587,680 17,933,300 19,516,420 17,167,920 13,918,278 11,765,630 11,699,384 9,444,890 8,256.674 9,727,955 4,473,388 3,508,956 1.971,429 FRANCE.* MONTHS. IMPORTS. EXPORTS NET IMPORTS. Note. — German statistics before Jan. i, 1906, include Gutta-percha. Balata, old (waste) rubber. British figures August, igo6 January-July 1,710,720 19,702,540 1,656,600 10,229 340 54,120 9,473,200 include old rubber. French. Austrian, and Italian fieurel include Gutta-percha. The exports from the United State! embrace the supplies for Canadian consumption. • General Commerce. t Special Commerce. Eight months, igo6 Eight months, 1905 Eight months, 1904 21,413,260 18,173,540 13,976,820 11,885,940 10,788,580 7,431,160 9.527.320 7.384,960 6,545,660 The BEST BUCKLES for ARCTICS ARE HADE BY THE WELD MFO. CO., 41 Lincoln Street, • • Boston. <^A iS CAV(9 W\kU^ Edited by HENRY C. PEARSON— Offices. No. 35 West 21st Street NEW YORK. ?ol. XXXV. No, 3. DECEMBER 1, 1906. 86 Cents a Copy. $8.00 Per Tear. 'Wvyvvww^vwyvwtf^wyvwywV(V^wywvyvwyvwwyv>^ ARTHUR S. BEVES, Pres. :THOnAS A. AITON, Vice Pres. JOHN S. SHOWELL, Sec. AITON MACHINE CO > " I I ) _ : -« t I H i- ) < u ! (r -cr ' o = s ^ • £ > ^ 5 > (/) u I i NEW YORK. HARRISON, N. J. Calenders, Grinders, Mixers, Washers, Refiners, Warmers, Cracl^ers. Hydraulic, Button Presses, Block Presses, Lead Presses, Belt Presses, etc. Armouring, Stranding, Insulating, Cabling, Winding and Measuring Machines. Gears, Pillow Blocks, Shafting, Friction Clutches, ^ Chilled Rolls and Sand Rolls. < Chlo Sul| Car tet Chlo Lar Mai in Wo lz\ Pro Go. Nia Falls s x> LAMPBLACKS especiailv for RUBBER MANUFACTURE. SAMUEL CABOT, BOSTON, MASS. u THE INDIA RUBBER WORLD [December i, 1906. MARK OF QUALITY ESTABLISHED 1854. SPECIAL ATTENTION GIVEN TO EXPORT BUSINESS. CORRESPONDENCE AND INQUIRIES SOLICITED. fej, THE CANADIAN RUBBER CO. OF MONTREAL MANUFACTURERS OF LIMITED ALL KINDS OF HIGH GRADE GENERAL RUBBER GOODS, AND SOLE MAKERS OF THE Celebrated "CANADIAN" Rubbers. Factory and Executive Offices MONTREAL, P. Q. Canadian Sales Branches: HALIFAX, If. S., MONTREAL, Que., TORONTO, Ont., WINNIPEG, Man.,REGINA, SASK., CALGARY, Alta., VANCOUVER, B. C, VICTORIA, B. C. Wc Mr* alw^TS open to correspond whh experienced Rubber men. both for Factory and Executive Work. Inventions kindred to the Trade and idea* for development, invited. Our De- velopment Department givea thcj« matters special attention. D. LORITE McG3B0n, HARRISOW C. FROST, Vice-Pres. & Manasrlnr Director. 2nd Vlce-PresUent. M. C. MUILARKY, Manager Footwear Dept. R. J. TOUHGI, Sales Manager. FLEETWOOD H. WARD, Sect.-Treas. B. LOEWENTHAL & COMPANY NEW YORK, 136 Liberty St. CHIOACO, 162 5th Avenue. Cable MJress •• Gyblowdl " Nr«& H. W. JONES, 126 Liberty Street, New York City. BOILER SPECIALIST Special Anti-lncrustators for Rubber Mills. NO CHARGE FOR CONSULTATION. ELECTRIC HOSE & RUBBER CO., WILMINGTON, DELAWARE. MANUFACTURERS OF Hose for all purposes by a new and improved process— made in any continuous length. Vulcanized under pressure. Cannot possibly unwrap or separate between plies. Great strength and durability. tlenUon thf India Rubber World when t/ou write. CLARENCE E. HUMPHREY, COUNSELOR AT LAW-PATENT CAUSES, RUBBER PATENTS A SPECIALTY, AKRON, OHIO, U. S. A. M. KAUFMAN, ALL=RUBBER=KINDS Ship us "We treat you Right". 200 MICHIGAN STREET, - - - CHICAGO, P. C. SMITH, ENGRAVER FOR THE RUBBER TRADE. Lettering, Embossing, Die Sinking, Calender Rolls, and Steel Stamps. WRITE HE FOR QUOTATIONS AND DESIGNS. 42 CHAUNCY STREET, BOSTON, MASS. December i, 1906.] THE INDIA RUBBER WORLD 69 ^■^ PobllBhed on the Ist of each Month bj THE INDIA RUBBER PUBLISHING CO. No. 35 WEST 21st STREET, NEW YORK. CABLE ADDRESS: IRWORLD, NEW YORK. HENRY C. PEARSON, EDITOR. HAWTHORNE HILL, ASSOC I AT K. DECEMBER 1, 1906. No Vof 36. ■iiiHHnHiPTiONS: (3.00 per year, $1.76 for six niontbit. postpaid, for the United ^""auites and dependencies, Canada, and Mexico To all oilier coun- tries. S3 ,w (Or e Rubber Trade at .\kron Our Correspondent 9(1 '52 The Textile Goods Market 9^^ ! Review of Crude Rubber Market 98 PROGRESS IN TIRE MAKING. WIv decline to record a prophecy as to whether auto- mobiles will ever be run very generally without rubber tires. Bui it is a safe assertion that, without elastic rims for wheels, the automobile as we now know it would never have been developed. Progress in auto- mobile buildiiiK— as relates to .size, the speed attained, and the s.ifety of automobiling— h:is been made only .so fast as tlie riil)ljer manufacturer has succeeded in producing tires capable of withstanding the increasingly heavy .strains placed u])oii them. We believe that the rubber men have more than kept pace with the car constructors in their .share iu the evolution of the automobile. Ill the first recorded automobile race, no competing l)uilder was willing to have his car equipped with rub- ber. But a rubber manufacturer who was determined to have elastic tires tested built a car himself for which his factory supplied the tires. No less than 26 tires were burst in running that car 621 miles, and the result dis- couraged the use of rubber for a considerable time. But the automobiles of that period were all un.satisfactory, for reasons wliich disappeared only when, through the incessant efforts of the rubber men, resilient tires were produced that could be depended on. Now that the automobiles in use are numbered by the hundred thousand, who sees one without rubber tires? Thev are used as a matter of course, bought as an every day commodity, without a further guarantee than ap- plies to the sale of goods generally. Tire punctures happen every day, of course, but considering the great number in use, the percentage is surprisingly small. And by no means all the accidents in motoring are due to tires. A contestant in a recent great automobile meet in luirope, returning from the course with honors, ditched his machine iu trying to avoid running down a drunken peasant's cart, and the automobile was rendered useless. But there is no record that tlie tires w'ere dam- aged. Incidents can be multiplied indefinitely to show that pneumatic tires withstand hard treatment and accidents quite as well, if not better, than the remainder of the vehicle. A tire goes bounding over a stone in the road, unharmed, 1)ut if a crankshaft strikes it, it may be bent and rendered useless. The rubber is elastic ; the steel isn't. As far as strength is concerned, the tire maker has only to put in the proper materials, in connection with good workmanship, and the .same applies to dura- l.)ility. Cood roads are desirable for automobiling, but not so much for rubber tires as for the re.st of the machine ; in fact, the great merit of the rubber equipment is that it supplies a good road wherever it is carried, and without which, in very many places, the automobile would be unavailable. The best rubber tires made yet may not be perfect ; the maximum severity of requirement on the part of the motorists has not been reached. Even 70 IHL: INDIA RUBBER Vv^OKLU [Decembkr I, 1906. for present requirements the li\e rubber tire maker is busying his faculties to bring out a stronger, more trust- worthy, and more durable product, being careful ii\eau- while that his competitors do not surpass him. So we maj' look for even better tires, and, with their appearance, new records in automobile construction and automobile running. There is even greater incentive tha:ii before for the rubber man to devote himself to tire betterment, even if, in the distant future, roads should be so improved as to render elastic tires unnecessary, or springs and shock absorbers should be developetl to the point of displacing them. USE OP RUBBER FoR INSULATION. IT is natural that, to "the man in the street," motor car tires should represent the greatest development in the history of the rubber industry. Ten years ago the horseless vehicle was so little in evidence that it hardly had a more definite name in popular speech. To- day only the blind can avoid seeing automobiles con- stantly, and the rubber tire is by no means the least con- spicuous feature of these vehicles. It is not too much to say that doubtless millions of people have derived from .seeing such tires their first idea of rubber as a commodity of real importance. And nine out of ten writers in the pub- lic press who have occasion to mention rubber refer to its price having advanced greatly in recent years on account of its consumption in tires. The tire trade, in fact, has become enormous, not only as regards automobiles, but nearlj' every other type of vehicle used. But this is not the only great use of rubber ; it is pos- sible that it is not the greatest. It certainly is not the only branch of rubber consumption that has shown a rapid rate of increase during ten years past. A use of rubber that appeals less to public interest, because it is by comparison so little seen, is in the electrical field, for insulation purposes. Without means for insulation the electricity in everyday practical use would be as uncon- trollable as the lightning flashes in a tluinder storm, and rubber is, par excellence , the world's insulating material. It is only necessary, therefore, to reflect upon the extent of the applications of electricity to-day, to realize what an important demand these must create for the products of the rubber factory. The electrical interest embraces the making of sub- marine cables, which have been insulated, for the most part, with Gutta-percha, but this material is disappearing from the market and must be replaced by India-rubber for deep sea work. From submarine cables, costing some- times millions of dollars, down to telephone receivers, the list of articles requiring insulation is too long almost to be comprehendable, but into nearly all of them rubber enters, the sum total in a year being very large. Here the automobile comes in again, at least the electric vehi- cles, an important feature cf which is the hard rnbber battery jars, for the storage of the motive force. No exact statistics of tte extent of the use of rubber in tlie electrical industries of the world are po.ssible. But to indicate the growth of the electrical industry in the United States alone it may be worth whi-le lo notice that the recent industrial census reports the total value of products of the factories clas.setl inider " Jilectrical ma- chinery, apparatus, and supplies" during 1905 at $159,- 551,402 against $105,831,865 for the census year i900. These figures, of conr.se, do not relate alone to goods into which rul)l)er enters. The figures for " Insulated wires and cables" were $34,519,699 last year, against $21,292,001 in the year 1900. On the other hand, a num- ber of general rubber factories ])roduce electrical mate- rials which are not embraced in the preceding figures. CONTROL OF THE PRICE OF RUBBER. EVERY year brings its crop of rumors of new " rub- ber trusts ; " indeed, no other branch of industry or trade seems to have been the subject of so many ru- mors of this sort, nor with so little basis of fact. One rea.son is that, although rubber is a commodity in such widespread use, its principal sources, to date, have been so remote from centers of civilization that most people know little about how crude rubber is produced. And the general public, whether in America or Europe, is little better informed regarding the proces.ses of making rubber goods. Hence, when the average man reads that a new great " trust " in rubber is being formed, he ac- cepts the a.ssertion as fact, merely because it has ap- peared in print. As for crude rubber " trusts," interest in them centers in the suggestion usually made that their object is to rai.se prices of the raw material, which would, of course, compel manufacturers to charge more for rubber goods. It is an odd fact, however, so loosely are these rubber " trust " rumors put together, that manufacturers — i. c, the primary consumers of raw rubbei;'— are often repre.sented as promoting movements to put up its price. To a thinking man nothing could be more improbable. A pertinent question is. Can any ''trust'' raise the world's level of rubber prices ? If all the sources of rubber, present and prospective, could be brought under a single control, it would be a simple proposition to dictate prices to the whole world. The same is true of wheat and cot- ton and coal and tallow candles. But such consolidated control of rubber is out of the question. It was an im- practicable dream when rubber was only a forest product in a few countries : the idea is more chimerical now that the area of rubber production is being extended so widely under cultivation. If all the rubber trees in the Ama- zon valley were owned to-day by one man, the world could soon become independent of him, through the plant- ing of Para rubber elsewhere. Under conditions as they actually exist, and always have existed, the price of rubber is governed by the supply, considered in relation to the demand. There is December i, 1906] THE INDIA RUBBER WORLD always as much rubber as the world wants. It is true that the rubber districts known fifty years ago became in time incapable of supplying the (leniand, but the offer of higher prices for nibhei' Ud to the exploiting of new dis- tricts. When there were no nt.w districts to ali.scovered, and prices ex)ntinued to rise. peo[)le began lo plant rub- ber. It is possible that cultivation may yet make rubber .so plentiful that prices will fall materially. Hut then as now, the price of rubber will depend upon how nuich the consuming trade will pay for it ; not upon the cost of production, not upon efforts at market control by traders, not even upon governmental control, as lately reported from Brazil. To state the matter more briefly, the price of rubber is governed by the supply. Its sources are too extensive and too scattered to be "cornered." The price fluctuations of a day caused by petty local manipulation are mere ex- ceptions to a general rule. If it should be to the interest of a consumer to pay a high price, he will pay it, not caring what the profit of the producer may be. On the other hand, he will not pay more for rubber than the de- mand justifies, no matter if the price means a loss to the producer. A RUBBER FARM FOR EACH FACTORY. WHEN companies first began to be formed for exploiting rubber plantations in Mexico on a large scale, their promoters invariably solicited invest- ment on the part of rubber manufacturers, under the im- pression that the latter would become interested more readily than ony other class in the creation of new sources of raw material. As a rule, however, few manu- facturers at first were disposed to take stock in this new form of enterprise. Their capital was fully employed in the making of goods and finding a market for them— a business with which they were familiar. Rubber culture had not been proved a success, it involved problems to which they were strangers, and in any event capital in- vested in planting would not yield an early return. Thej- used cotton as well as rubber, but they had never thought of producing their own supplies of cotton. They were content to continue buying raw materials as they had always done. Now that the production of plantation rubber has emerged beyond the experimental stage, there are indica- tions that the rubber manufacturers are beginning to view in a different light the question of a factory con- trolling its own base of supplies. As has been pointed out in The India Rubber World there are rubber planters to-day who estimate their profit on rubber at Si or more per pound. Even if rubber should decline in price one-half — which no one now considers probable — these planters say that its cultivation would still be profi- table. Clearly, the manufacturer who owned a plantation on which rubber could be obtained at a cost of $1 — or 50 cents— less than the market price for the product would have an advantage over a competitor who bought in the open market. These figures, by the way, are not mere guesswork, but are supplied by men accustomed to the management of large plantation.s — particularly tea — under business systems as well organized as those of any manufactory. As more planted rubber estates become productive, and the planting of this crop becomes recognized as an estab- lished business, we may expect the buying and .selling of such properties to become an ordinary occurrence It may be then that large rubber manufacturers, who would have hesitated to invest in the creation of a rubber farm requiring years for development, will feel differently about buying one which has beoome productive and prof- itable, if obtainable on reasonable terms. Or they may buy shares in the larger, company-owned plantations, conducted on a .scale too extensive for the capital of most rubber factories. Without doubt there will be found, in time, advantages to the ruliber factory in having its own rubber farm, apart from the item of supplies at low cost. One would be the securing of rubber of uniform quality — made to the man- ufacturer's own specifications, .so to speak — delivered at stated periods, and the cost of which could be determined for months, if not years, in advance. OlR CONGRATULATIONS TO THE GERMAN RUBBER TRADK for having contributed by its liberal support to the develop- ment of so creditable a representative of its interests as the Gummi-Zeiliing, of Dresden, which has just completed its twentieth year of publication. Looking back to tlie first is- sue of our contemporary, now before us, we find a very small production indeed, as compared with the Gummi Zeitung of to-daj-, but it must be said that Herr Garape gave indica- tions from the start of recognizing what a trade and techni- cal journal in this particular branch should be, to prove helpful to its patrons. Unfortunatelj- he did not live to see the success which his paper has attained, but it is none the less a striking testimonial to the intelligent farsightedness with which he planned the publication. The Cummi-Zeitung and the German rubber industrj- have grown hand in hand. The rate of growth of the industry is shown by the net im- ports of raw rubber, now six times as great as they were twenty years ago ; we should saj- that the German trade paper has done even better. Whether any European tire makers will establish factories in the United States must be determined apart from any such considerations as have led Continental firms to plan branch factories in Great Britain. The Briti.sher apparently buj-s motor tires (and other wares) more readily if they are produced on British soil, and the Continental firms which gained a market in England before the home industry there was fully developed are seeking to hold this trade by offer- ing their tires as " home made. " But European tires, how- ever good, have never been predominant in the American market, nor the trade in them relativelj' so large as in Great Britain. It is true that the American tariff barrier would be avoided by European firms by establishing plants here, but perhaps any saving under this head would be offset b}' the higtier scale of wages in the United States. 72 THE iNDiA RUBBER WORLD [December i, 1906. MR. RYAN BECOMES INTERESTED IN RUBBER. IX the recent negotiations which resulted in the gianting of important concessions in the Congo Free State to an American sj'ndicate, the latter was represented by Mr. Thomas F. Ryan, one of tlie most notable figures in New York financial circles, though his name lias not ap- peared hitherto in connection with rubber. Thomas Faulkner Ryan is one of the men who came to New York from the South, after the close of the civil war, in search of fame and fortune, and succeeded. He was only six years in rising from a small clerkship to membership in the New York Stock Exchange, and one of his biographers asserts that never in his ;,2 years in Wall street has his diarj' recorded failure. Mr. Ryan was born on October 17, 1851, in Nelson county, \'irginia, his paternal ancestors having come from the north of Ireland in colonial days- On the other side he was of Scotch-Irish descent. Losing his mother at the age of five, young Ryan went to live with his maternal grandmother on the old family estate. At 15 he assumed control of the estate, and though he managed it as well as the disastrous consequences of the war permitted, he realized after two years that the effort was hopeless. In 1S68, therefore, he left home, almost penniless, but too proud to seek aid from family friends, and set forth to make his own way. Reaching Baltimore, he foun5 Gambia, ist. Senejjainbia. . .. i 88.8 11.2 42 Cold Coast lump. Africa 5 72.7 27.4 35 Guayatjuil strip. Ecuador.... 7 89 8 102 2° Kassai, black. Congo stale., i 88.4 116 10 Kassai, red, Congo 2 88.9 ii.o 30 Kassai. red, 2nd, Congo .... i 94.6 5.4 Kassai. red, 3rd, Congo . . . i S9.0 10 9 25 Lahou twists, Congo i 9 .6 8.4 27 Lagos lump, Lagos i 93.3 69 40 Lopoii, ist Congo i 92.6 7.4 10 Lopori, 2nd Congo 2 62.1 87.9 20 Gradks. No. lots analyzed. Madagascar i Manicoba sheet, Brazil i Manga beira, Brazil i Massai, red, Congo 2 Mas-sai, pink, Congo i Mexican, Caslilloa i Mexican Guayule 3 Mongala, Congo 2 Mozainbi<|ue i Niger paste, Africa i Para, fine, Brazil 23 Para. Ceylon, fine 3 I'ara, medium, Brazil g Penang Malaya I Penang, white, Malaj-a i Penanjj. prime, red i Penang, white i Peruvian tails 2 Pontianak, Borneo 7 Shebbro, West .\frica 2 Shebbro. Conakry, W. .Africa I Twists, prime. West .Africa. . i Twists. 1st. West .Africa i Twists, 2nd, West Africa. . . . i Tuno gum i Uele, Congo 2 West India slab i Per cent. Per cent. Approx. Rubber. Resin. Shrinkage. 90.0 10. 42 90.6 9-4 16 83.5 ■6.5 43 936 6.4 90.1 99 887 i'-3 42 74.6 25-4 25 87.5 '25 10 75-8 24.2 60 142 85.8 25 96.6 3-4 17 97-5 2.5 95-2 4.8 J7 89.9 II. I 33 85.6 14.4 38 90-3 9-7 30 856 14.4 ^l 930 70 38 250 75-0 60 929 71 25 90.2 98 20 95-1 4.9 20 89-5 105 20 92 7 7-3 20 20.1 79-9 95.1 4.9 II 74-4 2.S.6 50 EUREKA -NON CROSS" THREAD COUPLINGS. THE couplings used with fire hose are hardly of less im- portance than the hose itself. In this connection may be mentioned the " non cross " thread with which the hose made by the Eureka Fire Hose Co. (New York) is equipped — a feature that is receiving much attention. All Eureka couplings are made of bronze, and unless otherwise desired, all the threads are of the non cross variety ; that is, they are cut ofl" at the outer end to facilitate coupling and to prevent the possibility of the threads being crossed when the hose connection is being made. These couplings are made with threaded swivels, which consist of four annular threads, cut male and female, in the inner and outer parts of swivel re- spectively. These threads are standard 60 degrees and of full depth and give a greater wearing surface than the ordin- ary flanged lip swivel joint, while their V shape prohibits any possibility of jamming, as the tendency of the joint is to free itself. The threads, swivel, washer recess, and water- way of the Eureka couplings are made at one setting of the part in a lathe, and are consequently perfectly true to each other. Adequate expansion pressure may be applied with- out the slightest injury, and thej- maj' be attached with an ordinary expander without the use of any special appliances such as many other couplings require. The growth of the use of motor 'buses in England is greatly stimulating the manufacture of solid rubber tires. The Dunlop companj- are now making a specialty of tires of this class. 76 THE INDIA RUBBER ^A/^ORI-D [December i, 1906. THE INDIA-RUBBER TRADE IN GREAT BRITAIN. By Our Regular Correspondent. IX marked contrast to the crowding and animation of the vearlv motor shows held at Olympia Hall, London, the recent Engrineering and Machinery Exhibition there was very badly patronized by the public. It is not per- haps surprising that the objects of interest as far as this Journal is concerned were limited to packings THE OLYMPIA qJ- y^oQs sorts. We have heard a good deal of the invasion of our market by American packings in late years, this being due to some extent to our rr. inufacturers emanating from firms who only took it np as a side branch. We have some companies, however, now who make a specialty of the packing business and who lay themselves out to meet all modem requirements. Two or three such companies were exhibiting in a comprehensive scale at this Exhibition and their stands may be briefly re- ferred to. The Dexine Patent Packing and Rubber Co., Limited, hive works at Abbey lane. Stratford, in which the necessar. aachinery is installed for washing, mix- ing, and S' -ti. Ihec? — ' -J-..--™^- -= ^-xine was dis- covered some nine year- e a combina- tion of vulcanized India-rui/ljcr and .rredients prepared by a special process. This is ra: commit- tal language as far as the manufacture is concerned, but I understand that the amount of rubber is very small in the packings for high pressure steam purposes. For boiler gage glass rings it is claimed that Dexine is much superior to asbestos, and is at the same time considerabh" cheaper. In the patent metallic boiler feed pump buckets the Dexine is supplemented by an anti-friction wire gauze ; these buckets are fitted back to back with an intermediate ring between each acting as a support to both buckets on the forward and backward stroke. Dexine is stated to with-' -' ' ' F., and 300 lbs. pressure so that our engineers nee • far as America to fill their requirements. Messrs. J anies A alker & Co., of the Lion Works, West India Docks, London, had : ■ irge assortment of their various packings, rubber valves, Baiata belting, etc In the ■""''■■-- '--e' -"'nting for high pressure steel wire gauze ;- sides with a s{>ecial jointing material and ii; the • Lion sheet there is a combination of woven wire asbestos and heat resist-r,? material. To judge h\- the appearance of all the m high pressure packings plumbago enters largely into th<.;„. C0MP.A.RED with the large number of proximate analyses of raw rubber which have been made in recent years but very little information is available as to the COMPOSITION composition of the fresh latex. This is no OF RUBBER LATEX. '^ , ,._ , , ^ doubt largely due to the difficult j- of effect ing its transportation without coagulation setting in. With regard to the amount of rubber in the Para latex the figure of 32 per cent., which I found some 15 years ago agrees very well with other analyses I have seen and it is well known that the strength of the solution is variable. The point, however, to which I wish to draw special attention is the amount of nitrogenous or albuminoid matter in the latex- Weber in his book quotes an anah-sis by Faraday of Para latex showing albumen 1.90 percent, and a bitter nitro- genous substance 7.13 per cent. Weber says that from these figures the rubber would contain about 4.3 pyer cent, of al- PRIOE OF RUBBER SOLUTION. buminous matter, an amount he considers highlj- question- able. There is one rather curious point about this analysis and that is that the figures for the nitrogenous matter are identical with those given in Faraday's anaU'sis of Mexican latex and quoted by Hancock in his book. Is it possible that some confusion has arisen and that Faraday has been credited with finding more albumen in Para latex than he did find — that is. if he ever made a complete analysis of Para latex, a point on which I have not at the time the oppor- tunity of deciding. This apart, however. I agree with Web- er that the figure is suspiciously high. Lascelles-Scott gives the albumen as 2.71 per cent., though as he does not state the source of the latex it does not go for much. Seeligmann lumps the albuminous and mineral matter together as equal to 12 per cent., which Weber says is altogether too vague. Weber himself does not seem to have given any figures, which is a pitj-, while mj- own analysis showed that the al- bumen matter amounted only to 0.5 per cent, in the Para latex. As the high quality of the Para rubber is due, to some extent at any rate, to its freedom from such impurities it seems of some importance to know what the figure really is. I am not acquainted with any other figures than those quoted, though I imagine that others must have been ob- tained in recent 3-ears. If all rubber solution contained the same percentage of rubber, and that of the same grade or quality, the price of the product as sold by different mak- ers might be more nearly uniform. A glance, however, at the varj-ing prices quoted indicates that the above conditions do not obtain, and indeed it is now matter of common knowledge that the one-time uniform standard of strength and quality has given way in these latter days of increased application and in- creased competition to a variety of standards set up by indi- vidual manufacturers. Of course this procedure ma^- not be without method. It may be taken that the strongest solu- tion that can be made conveniently for ordinary use contains 21 per cent, of rubber. This strength is required for certain purposes. The British war office, for instance, insist on at least 18 per cent, of rubber in the solution supplied to the .rriage department at Woolwich. Such strength, however, j= quite unnecessary for use in connection with tire repairs, II to 15 per cent, of rubber being quite enough. Solution as low as 8 or 9 per cent, is regularl3- sold, as is also some which has its lack of body made up b3- addition of rosin. But these "- be recommended as being really in the interests of ■•.y. African rubber has largely taken the place of fine . rbber in late j-ears for solution making, and where the product is sold at a corresponding reduction in price there is little to be said against it. Now that solution making has passed so largely out of the hands of the regular works into those of the cy' ' :notor repair and outfit dealers, it is not surprising '. y alterations in procedure are to be noted. One of these is the use of recovered rubber ; not that which is produced from old vulcanized goods but which is got by special processes from certain forms of factory waste. One such description of waste is the felt cuttings from the tennis ball manufacture, the felt being faced with pure rub- .EMEES I, 1906] It follows, ther' ' - • a variety of s^ THE INDIA RUBBER "WORLD 77 ... _ .. .. factorer* of dock wanted "An Ameri- ^n will \>t able to can's " orders be woold (ooa learn that there are terera} * ' A business and •■ ' ' " than othe: :ia- sure that it is not from 30 to todays en route : TME.AVOM SpC >f the ti: ch "Ac :^i. Any fort'. -.ial reference Uj H^^y^'. seven acres, and stores, a large fitters' shop, mixing "'^ ' ' ■ b-nys dock, its ' • An - ~ ^ - dock s:". i.-gebj ^;.h vf ^dit. and drying floors, are among to the '0 of Hutchinson, of France. If I am not mistaken of a mill that is willing to mannfactnre this material atari j- ^'-'' ■■■-■--. -^ /...-.= ..: ..:..;_^]y t^ thjnga: ' •' -.■-.- ._- of rob- Tfc ia*-«. ly to go into motor tires, with which they have been re- si er the 6 cent marzin that be red gol: .... ^,_..-; ... ....„; „gasti!: in the sale of solid " gutty " balls. One •t ■rr-i. Jjot jTolr'trs are exclttsivr COTTON DUCK SITUATION. r 'T^O T :■{.-. E: .-7 s of The I;fi>i.\ Rceeee Wokld; In the -'- Xoremberntunber of year paper "An American "has LFTTLE FIPF. ^:OSE IS TEXAS ar _; ._ . . rtments:- Fire amd Water Engineering points ont that the varioos ' . -; •■ some -i " and ".;on ...: .- „ ..^ of 5 " nnless buTer's rpartme- • ..^.. ^^\..,.. ....;-.. -se is put ., .. -. ,..., only foor cities is there as moch as io.ocd :' la.-. credjte this is n.. ». -d he .'n h he :a A :s are not from 30 to 60 days en route, ■'-• '-F.aglaad" Rcebex V. „ .. rihLer ..:.. - - .-.g machine . "An .-. to made by Bertram's Limited. 0^ Edinburgh. Scotland, has 'he two cc" '^ iste latex t -aJ willing that the dock mills sbf. ^ cost of this ttpon the p- :' the washers used in uciory practice. ,.-.,..,_ bat smaller ... 5./.^ weighing only i6s' cwt. Itmay Ij« op- Id by ■ the yard " erated by porwer, or by two men plying cranks. Third: We .. - ■ — ♦^ •I- -- ?>-r:h : 78 THE INDIA RUBBER V/ORLD [December i, 1906. RUSSIAN RECLAIMED RUBBER. TO THE Editor ok The India Rubber World : I no- ticed in your issue of Octoher i (page 23) an article on reclaiming Russian galosh waste. If it is of any interest to your correspondent, I beg to inform you that I am the sole representative of the Firma " Prowodnik " in Riga, Russia, for the sale of their reclaimed galoshes, and their daily output of this article is 40 tons. The plant necessary for this large output is very up to date, and is constantly being increased. Their requirements for this branch necessitate about three quarters of the whole of the old galoshes collected in Russia, and the centers where Russian galosh waste is obtainable. The grades this firm make are as follows: (i) E.xtra prima, made from pure detachable uppers and soles ; (2) prima, made from clean old galoshes, free from canvas ; and (3) second qualitj- reclaimed, made from a mi.xturc of old galoshes and mechanical goods. My firm guarantees that neither of the three kinds contain any admi.xture of minerals, oil, or chemicals, and that the same is clean and unadulterated. As I have stated above, this output, besides the amount reclaimed by other factories in Russia for their own require- ments, e.xhausts an\- surplus of old galoshes, the export of which has become somewhat difficult owing to the export duty which has been placed thereon by the Russian govern- ment. Therefore, the suggestion of your correspondent to start a works with a view to reclaiming old galoshes in Russia does not seem very feasible. There is, I believe, an import duty on reclaimed rubber in America of about 30 per cent, ad valorem. Your correspon- dent's calculation for the cost of the erection of a reclaiming factor}- in Russia is verj' far below the actual cost, which would be at least 7 to 10 times the amount mentioned bj- him. At the present time the reclaimed being made by the Firma " Prowodnik " is being largel}' used by English and conti- nental firms, who have thoroughly satisfied themselves as to its merits, as the mere fact of its being guaranteed to be made from nothing but galoshes, and the reputation which the Firma " Prowodnik " has now gained for the excellency of the various articles the}' manufacture, is an additional safeguard that they are not likely to jeopard their reputa- tion in any way by manufacturing or supplying an inferior article, and thereby risking the receipt of the large orders which they receive, and must obtain, in order to keep em- plo}'ment for the 7000 work people which constitute at the present moment the number at their works, johx laxg. I.oiulon, October 23. 1906. [The importation into the United States of "reclaimed rubber," the product of rubber scrap, is subject to duty at 30 per cent, ad valoyem as a manufacture of rubber, not spe- ciallj- provided for, under paragraph 449 of the Act of July 24, 1897.] RUBBER PLANTING IN SOUTH AFRICA. T O THE Editor of The India RuiuiER World : I am a farmer here and a reader of j-our paper, and I hope minds about rubber. We would like to go in for it, but we do not know what to plant. In the northern parts of North Eastern Rhodesia there is Landolphia rubber (vines) growing naturally, but it seems that the artificial cultivation of vines is a process far too slow, and I may add, too uncertain, to suit us. Tree rubber seems better, but then one authoritj- tells us that Funtumia elastica (Lagos rubber) will do here, and another authority tells quite the contrary. Ceara rubber {Maniliot) grows here very well almost in any soil and does not require much care, but on the other hand it does not seem a practical proposi- tion, as nobody has yet succeeded in doing anj' good with the Ceara tree. Perhaps we do not know how to go about it, both as for the way of collecting the latex and the proper season to choose. It seems to me that neither the Brazilian method of tapping nor the one used by the natives in getting rubber balls from the Landolphia vines will do for CearS, but if somebody would invent a process, mechanical and chemical, b}' which the j-oung Cearii tree could be cut down, passed through a roller to get out the latex just as it is done with sugar cane, and the juice could then be so treated as to extract from it all the available rubber contained in it. Then our prospects would be very bright. Two year old trees could be cut down, and an equal area at once planted afresh, so that the suppl}' would be continual or at anj- rate bien- nial. None of us in this far away corner are in a position to keep up vvitli the latest notions in rubber planting and latex treating and should therefore feel exceedingly obliged to you, Sir, if \ou would ':ondescend to give us some valuable ad- vice. I enclose herewith a climatological table referring to our district, which may be of use or interest to you. With best regards, I am, yours faithfully, A. i'Aolucci. Senigallia Farm, Fort Jameson, North Eastern Rliodesia, South Africa, Oct- ober 12, 1906. [In all probability our correspondent's planting must l:e done either with Fiitiliimia or Ceara rubber, the rainfall in his region being too light for Hei'ca or Castilloa. The sug- gestion as to annual crop production of Ceara is of interest. Quite a number are at work now on this line, though so far nothing valuable has resulted. I'ltiinatel}', however, this doubtless will be found practicable. .\s for planting vines {Landolphia), the experiments thus far at the botanical gar- dens have been failures. — The Editor.] R.VTS IN Ri'BBER. — Manufacturers of wire netting should increase their trade with rubber growers in Ceylon and else- where, says Home a?td Colonial Mail. Rats are a serious nuisance, as thej- attack the roots of the young rubber trees. The method of the Ceylon Tea Plantations Company, in using coarse wire netting round the steps, is being followed by other growers. It not onlj- saves the rubber from the rats, but keeps the trees, when planted among tea, from being damaged by weeders and pluckers. My fellow farmers and m\ self are much exercised in our A British novelt}- in the way of a fire appliance is a cradle for holding hose in position ready for use in case of emergency. When a fire breaks out a valve is opened and the hose is unwound by gripping the nozzle and pulling it toward the spot where it is to be used. As the coil unwinds the water fills the hose. Decemhkr 1906.] THE INDIA RUBBER WORLD 79 THE PRODUCTION OF PLANTATION RUBBER. ROBBHK MACIllNHKY A I' I'KKAOENIYA. AT tile CeylDii Rubber Kxliibition a feature on tlie pto- grani wliieli proved of exceptional interest was en- tilkd " A Demonstration of Rubber RIacbinery, " in wliich Mr. Herbert Wri^jlit operated or explained the use of each piece of nieclianisui on show for facilitatinj^ the preparation of rubber from lalex. This did not embrace rubber tapping tools which were publicly tested, also Ijy Mr. Wright, on another day, on rubber trees in the garden at Ileneratgoda. Mr. Wright began with Macadam's latex strainer, pouring into it a pailful of latex charged with mechanical impurities. The latex flowed into a bag to which a centrifugal motion was given, and the clean latex issued through a pipe at the side, while tlie impurities remained in the strainer cloth. Considerable ipiautities of latex could be handled in 30 to 5.) minutes. In tliis experiment, 2,'i gallons were strained in p, minutes. Xext came Brown & Davidson's settling tank, designed for the accumulation of latex in large (piantities. This was provided with a drip tin by which a few drops per hour could be added of dilute ammonia or formalin, this being thor- oughly mixed with the late.x through the turning of plates within the tank. The machine used in Mr. Wright's dem- onstration had been filled eight days before with latex, which was still in a good state for coagulation. Latex from trees of varying ages, collected on different days or the same day, can be mixed in the same tank, with the result that rubber of a uniform standard is prepared. The same apparatus may be used for smoking rubber, the fuel used being wood with creosote added, the smoke being so introduced as to come into close contact with the latex. The demonstrator now used the Michie-Oolledge machine, by which latex was coagulated in i '.' minutes. After the machine is set in motion there is originally a centrifugal and subsecpiently a centripetal motion incurred. But it seems necessary, in order to effect coagulation, to use some acid. Mr. Wright pointed out there was also to be seen at the exhibition rubber coagulated by the ordinary method of putrefaction. The latex is allowed to accumulate. It under- goes decomposition. Acids are formed and the rubber clots or coagulates. There was an extensive disjilay of rubber washing and macerating machinery. The Federated Engineering Co., exhibited two sorts of rollers ; Brown & Davidson four michines, on different lines ; and Walker, .Sons & Co., a small machine. In all these machines the principle is to subject the rubber to a tearing and stretching process, and while in that condition, to wash it with a strong current of water, either hot or cold. When it has been thoroughly wiished the rubber may be passed between other rollers and turned out in crepe and other form.?. All the various ma- chines referred to were put in motion at one time. A machine for expressing moisture from rubber, exhibited by Walker, Sons & Co., was next operated. This is practi- cally a mangle placed horizontally. Once the moisture is practicallj' expelled, the complete drying can be effected (i) in a curing house, (2) in vacuum chamber, or (3) in a press. Specimens of rubber were prepared by all the various pro- cesses, including two small specimens of l)lock, such as was exhibited so successfully by the Lanadron estate. Practically, Mr. Wright delivered a lecture, during which latex collected during the preceding 12 days was put through all the vari- ous processes described, beginning with the centrifugal straining machine and ending with the making of a " blork " nf rubber. AU'.i/^/) or pa'//j:s. Bfst iiuplcinent or series t>f iniplenienls for lapping PaiA Irtts (21 coiiipelilors) — (a) Paring : Gold iiiedid, !•;. 1). IJowman ; silver medal, C. O. Macadam, (h) Pricking: Cold medal, W. T. Miller ; silver, E. D. Bowniaii. Best inslruiueiit for tapping CasUlloa trees (12 competilyrs) : Gold medal, C. O. Maca { /■iciis) trees (8 coni])etilors) : No, award. Best in.struiueiit for tap])iiig liigh parts of trees : No award. Best apparatus for assisting the flow of latex : Silver medal, Brown & Davidson. Best apparatus for ceutrali/ing latex from separate trees. No award. Best apparatus for storing latex before coagulation : No award. Best sample of preserved li(jui(l lalex : No award. Best method of coagulating latex : Gold medal, Walker, Sons & Co. ; -silver medal, W. J. Bird (Duckwari e.slale). Best melhod of preventing putrefaction of rubber : Gold medal, Brown & Davidison (smoking ajjiiaralus). Best apparatus for recovering rubber from bark shavings, or for macerating rubber plants : Gold medal. Brown & Davidson ; silver, p'edeiated Engineering Co. Best rubber washing machine : Gold medal, Brown & Davidson ; silver, Federated Engineering Co. Best method of protecting rubber trees during tapping : No award. Best plan for curing house : Gold medal, Kelway Baniber. Best method of packing rubber for export : No award Best method of vulcanizing, hardening, or coloring rubber : Gold medal, Kelway Eaniber. Preparation of block rubber : Gold medal, Brown iS: Davidson. Strainer ; Gold medal, C. O Macadam; gold medal, Kelway liamber. THE STRENGTH OH PI ANTATION RUBBER. I.v a lecture at the Ceylon Rubber Ivxhibition .Mr. C. K. Smithett, one of the judges sent out from Ion such an extensive scale and upon such lines of operation as would have immensely benefited both countries financially, commercially, and jKjlitically. Xo doubt, however, other and possibly greater opjKirtuni- ties may yet present themselves, through individual effort and enterprise. Such is the world's pressing demand for rubber that means must and will be devised for utilizing the immense resources of the Acre. c. e. WELLEXKAiiP. THE RUBBER HANDLED AT MANAOS. 'nr^HE following statistics of the arrivals of rubber at -■- Manaos from all sources, during the calendar year 1903. are supplied b\- the Associagao Commercial do Ama- zonas — all in kilograms : From — Fine. Medinm. Coarse. Caacbo. Total. Amazonas state io,S94,055i 245 2,025,194! 2,681,326^^1;, 600,824^ Mattogrosso . . 90,711 .. 16,128 4,637^ 111,476 Venezuela..... 69,603 .. 25,513 = 95,116 Pern 139.353 794 20,940 11,192 = 172,264 Bolivia 427,916+ .. 72.812 23, io6i^ 523,835 Acre. 1,917. Q;7t .. 202,901* 158,896 = 2,279,755 Total entries. 13,539,584* 1,059 2-363,489 2,579,1 = 8 =18,783,270^ Total, 1902. .12.389,978 1,5862,228,877 2,252,077=16,872,518 SOURCES OF RITBBER PRODrCTIOX OF .\MAZON.\S. Rivers. Fine. Medium. Coarse. Caucho. Total Rio Purus 3,635,264 153 6o8,2i3i 1,324,746 = 5, 566,376^ Riojurud 5.590.S14 561, 083^ i,o56,7S5i= 5,208,083 RioMadeiTa.. 1,609,661^ 334.928* 245,092 = 2 189,682 RioSolimoes. 774.i45i 170,622^ 51,629= 982,397 Riojavary... 676,050 126.477^ 11,938= 814,465* Rio Negro... 448,471 49 165,913 = 614,433 Lower .\mazon 59.323i 23.144 3030= 85.497* Riojutahy... 54.939 i6,S6S 6,716= 78,523 Riojapura... 23,964 25 4.470 i,330 ^ 29.789 Rio lea 12,876 4,724 60= 17,660 Rio Branco... 10.550 iS 2,750 = 13,318 Total, 1903.10,894,058^ 245 2,025, I94i 2.68i,326*=i5,6oo,824i Total, 1902. 9,590,744 1,370 1,820,688* 2,185,173 =13,597,975! It will be noted how small is the proportion of medium {enlre/tnc) rubber in the arrivals at Manaos. The proportion becomes much larger, however, after the classification at that port, as will appear from the following details of ex- ports from Manaos during 1903 : RUBBER PRODUCED IN .\M.iZOK.\S ST.\TE. To— Fine. Medium. Coarse. Caucho. Total. New York.. 4, 239,382 1,226,853 1,119.171 1,031,489 7,616,895 Liverpool .. 3,375,52s 613,331 702.566 1,349,733 6,041,158 Havre 524905 58499 88.569 201,783 873,756 Hamburg... 1S6.54S 47,172 45,461 1,017 280,198 Antwerp. . . . 57,440 Soo .... 5S 240 Genoa S.571 13033 1,770 23.374 Pari 46 233 ... 279 Total ... .S.392, 420 1,959,688 1,957,770 2.584,022 14,893,900 TOT.tL EXPORTS, IXCLCDrXG TRANSIT RUBBER. To — Fine. Medium. Coarse. Caucho. Total. New York. . 5,074961 1,250,921 1,264,419 1,058.-53 8,648,684 Liverpool... 3,762,917 614,781 761,417 1454,-.- 6.593.307 Havre 574,82, 58 499 100.660 203,073 937.055 Hamburg... 199.706 47,362 47,300 1,017 295.385 Antwerp.... 57.440 800 ... .... 58,240 Genoa 8571 13.033 i.77o 23.374 a Para 991,096 .... 121,563 40,696! 1,153.355* Total 10.669 514 1.985 396 2 297,129 2,757,361! 17,709,400* [ a Mainly from the Acre and Bolivia.] These figures do not embrace rubber shipped direct from Iquitos, from which source 2,058,466 kilograms passed Para during the calendar year 1903. Nor do they include certain shipments of rubber produced in the state of Ama- zonas below Manaos. and going to Para or direct to Europe, the whole amounting to 49,625 kilograms. Statistics are not available of the exports of rubber from Para, exclusive of what was received from up the river, but a combined statement for Para and Manaos shows : Para and Manaos stocks, December 31. 1902 kilos 1,092,000 Combined receipts 31,300,942 Aggregating 32,392,942 Combined exports 31,094,942 Stocks, December 31, 1903 1,298,000 If there be subtracted from these exports the total figures for the movement through Manaos, including the direct shipments from Iquitos, and the small amounts from Ama- zonas ports below Manaos, there remains 11,277,450 kilo- grams to be regarded as the produce of the state of Para— an increase of 425 tons over the production for 1902, as ar- rived at by a similar calculation. Rubber blankets are being recommended throughout northern Ohio as a cure for bronchial and lung trouble, and because of the recommendation being made by many physi- cians the sale of rubber blankets has largely increased. They are used in sleeping out of doors. December 1906] THE INDIA RUBBER -WORLD 83 NEW GOODS AND SPECIALTIES IN RUBBER. THE " IMPERIAL WATER BAG. 4 SLIGHT defect in a hot water bag n: . _A means of an injury so serious that tc- ^ -.-ii ^^i- ^ -^ and discrimination cannot be made in their choice by the purchaser, or too much care an-; expended in their n. A seamless bag lessens the possi- bility of unexpected leakage :■ the one illustrated herewith longs to this class. Another ad- vantage is that it has a hard n:-- ber neck, which does not abs heat, and consequently does iii_i bum the hands or otherwise make the handling a matter of much dis- comfort. It also has a grommet end which many will consider an additional advantage. Bags of this make, also with the hard rub- ber neck, are supplied for fountain syringes. [The Imperial p-:^-- Co., Beach City, Ohio.] "rival" heels AND SOLES. A FE.*.TL"RE long sought by manufacturers of rubber heels and soles has been the non slipping quality. The ease of walking and the buoyancy movement afforded by the ru. - ber heel, many people have been obliged to forego on ac- count of the fear they enter- tained of slipping. This very desirable non slipping feature has been developed in the •Rival" heels and soles, and safety in walking is thus as- sured. They are composed of a black, tough rubber sto^'- a center of white, pure and ground cork, the latter producing the desired result, that of ensuring the safetv of the wearer. Durabilitv is also guaranteed. These qualities combine to remove fr the rubber heels and soles the last vestige of vr-J-^ !:ce :'.. : can justly be felt against them. [.\jas-Gr j-i., Trenton. New Jersey.] THE "EVER-KETCH" — A BALL NOVELTY. This is one of the newer games and is creating no t fun not only among children but grown-ups as well. It is equally well suited to a pleasant evening at home or a pub- lic festival. There is a bit of skill required but not enough ( to make it arduous or irksome, and it affords ^ sorprising -istsof a - nches _'. it larger .ii: . ; . .__:._. An aperture in the rounded end is large enough to hold a ball, "■ ' '" l.at end I.- " ' "' "' 'e -s of fitt- i provided for it, and the skill 1: ider with • --t enough force to allow the ";,„.. . . ....._ .... • "Fv^r- ' :h Novelty Co., Indianapolis, Indiana.] THE BOSTON TIRE TREAD. The illnstration relates to a new type of tire protector : has been put upon the market. It differs from other types in that it does not deper ' " ■ friction, or external means to 1: tion to the tire, but is mechanicaiiy at: to the casing lugs. Without recourse t-v . _ canizing, by the use of a series of lues con; prising spec" t firmly tread to the center '. tire, this result is accomplished. This dot ..-•-,...% ,;•;,_--; the cer* - '■- '- insre of \ SuCu as W'_ iDicnicii stress or strA ^ ;se treads the tire is removed from the rim and brough " -.n oval sh-' ' "" tread, which is 01 ~— ^ . htly less rlian the tire, may be crow:; . ?ition. The casing is then -.e screws and plates inserted ■"-P tight. The inner tnbe is -— ^..iti by a heavy pr .-, -ion of the casing from . ;e of the rivet studded tread is effectually prevented by an interposed lining. Some of the claims made for it are that it will prevent puncture and skidding, will give more speed in - snow, will save tires, and requires but a . . _ . [The Boston Tire Tread Co.. No. 4; - street, Boston.] THE "elite" rubber. .\xoTHER novelty in footwear has projected itself into public favor. This time it is a low cut croquet, which is known as the "Elite." It is dain- ty and durable and seems to have a fu- : :-e in store as well .? a present assured. It is cut to come just and then the whole is :stnrb the comfort of the wearer and at the ? is natty ■ - a bit more n: . the footi: _ tage claimed for the "Elite " is that it protects the heel of ■ c from the mud as well as the sole from dampness, ecially desirable for summer and autamn wear, and is made on the Wales-Goody ear popular "English. " " Gem, " and *• Cuban " heel lasts, in S, M, and F widths. "TTales- Goodyear Shoe Co., Naugatuck. Conn.] 84 THE INDIA RUBBER WORLD [December i, 1906. COMPLEXION BULB. Bv comparison with other methods and means employed to stimulate circulation, the rubber complexion bulb has been conceded a foremost position. The manner of man- ipulating it is eas3% it being placed against the face and hastily withdrawn, the suction thus ob- tained acting as a stimulant to the skin. The soft rub- ber in contact with the skin is soothing w i t h o u t the un- pleasant effect sometimes following the application of any foreign substance. The bulbs are preferred by some to the brush as the effort of using them is somewhat less wearying. The bulbs are used especially for the face and are sometimes employed with satisfactory results on the electrical massage machines. They are light and delicate in construction. [The Mitzel Rubber Co., Carrollton, Ohio.] RUBBER RUG MATS AND STAIR PLATES. It is interesting to note to what an extent rubber is being utilized in the appointments of the household, especially in the accessories that go towards simplifying the problems of NO-SEAM HOT WATER BOTTLE. The advantage of the seamless construction of hot water bottles is too obvious for com- ment. As every one knows, the most vulnerable part of the hot water bottle as originally made, was the seam, this being where leaks occurred, if anywhere. Of course the idea of a seamless bot- tle is not new, but the illustration herewith relates to an attractive new line of goods in this class, marketed for several months past by The Pure Gum Specialty Co., (Barberton, Ohio). The design shown is covered by a patent granted to E.